Poland birth & fertility rate charts by year

Fertility rate in Poland chart

According to the latest birth rate data available, the fertility rate in Poland was 1.16 in 2023 and has been below the replacement level of 2.1 children per woman since 1989. In 1993, the fertility rate was 1.87 — a -38.1% decline in 30 years.

Check population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases the historical changes in birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Poland	World
1960	2.98	4.69
1961	2.83	4.56
1962	2.72	5.02
1963	2.7	5.31
1964	2.57	5.13
1965	2.52	5.08
1966	2.34	4.97
1967	2.33	4.87
1968	2.24	4.98
1969	2.2	4.88
1970	2.2	4.84
1971	2.25	4.69
1972	2.24	4.55
1973	2.26	4.42
1974	2.26	4.26
1975	2.27	4.07
1976	2.3	3.97
1977	2.23	3.84
1978	2.21	3.77
1979	2.28	3.76
1980	2.28	3.73
1981	2.24	3.71
1982	2.34	3.72
1983	2.42	3.59
1984	2.37	3.57
1985	2.33	3.53
1986	2.22	3.51
1987	2.15	3.48
1988	2.13	3.39
1989	2.08	3.35
1990	2.06	3.31
1991	2.07	3.13
1992	1.95	3.04
1993	1.87	2.97
1994	1.81	2.92
1995	1.62	2.87
1996	1.59	2.82
1997	1.51	2.78
1998	1.44	2.75
1999	1.37	2.72
2000	1.37	2.73
2001	1.31	2.69
2002	1.25	2.66
2003	1.22	2.64
2004	1.23	2.63
2005	1.24	2.61
2006	1.27	2.61
2007	1.31	2.6
2008	1.39	2.6
2009	1.4	2.59
2010	1.41	2.57
2011	1.33	2.55
2012	1.33	2.56
2013	1.29	2.53
2014	1.32	2.52
2015	1.32	2.49
2016	1.39	2.49
2017	1.48	2.46
2018	1.46	2.39
2019	1.44	2.35
2020	1.39	2.28
2021	1.33	2.25
2022	1.29	2.22
2023	1.16	2.2
2024	1.16	2.19
2025	1.17	2.18
2026	1.17	2.18
2027	1.17	2.17
2028	1.18	2.16
2029	1.18	2.15
2030	1.19	2.14
2031	1.19	2.13
2032	1.19	2.12
2033	1.2	2.12
2034	1.2	2.11
2035	1.21	2.1
2036	1.21	2.09
2037	1.21	2.09
2038	1.21	2.08
2039	1.22	2.08
2040	1.22	2.08
2041	1.22	2.07
2042	1.22	2.07
2043	1.23	2.07
2044	1.23	2.07
2045	1.24	2.06
2046	1.24	2.06
2047	1.24	2.06
2048	1.24	2.05
2049	1.24	2.05
2050	1.25	2.05

Birth rates by women ages chart

In 2025, of all live births 1.88% were to women under 20 years old, 41.9% to women ages 20-29, and 56.2% to women ages 30 and above. In comparison, the percentages in 1990 were 7.73%, 65.8%, and 26.4% for the same age groups respectively. A chart displaying the historical birth rates in Poland by maternal age is provided below.

Annual births per 1,000 women ages

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Children 0-14 as share of population
	Poland	World
1960	33.4%	37.4%
1961	33.4%	37.5%
1962	33%	37.6%
1963	32.5%	37.8%
1964	31.9%	38%
1965	31.1%	38%
1966	30.3%	38%
1967	29.5%	38%
1968	28.6%	37.9%
1969	27.8%	37.8%
1970	26.9%	37.7%
1971	26.1%	37.6%
1972	25.4%	37.5%
1973	24.8%	37.3%
1974	24.3%	37.2%
1975	24%	37.1%
1976	24%	36.9%
1977	24%	36.7%
1978	24%	36.3%
1979	24.1%	35.9%
1980	24.3%	35.5%
1981	24.5%	35.2%
1982	24.7%	34.9%
1983	25%	34.6%
1984	25.3%	34.3%
1985	25.5%	34%
1986	25.6%	33.8%
1987	25.6%	33.6%
1988	25.5%	33.4%
1989	25.3%	33.2%
1990	25%	33%
1991	24.6%	32.9%
1992	24.3%	32.7%
1993	23.9%	32.5%
1994	23.4%	32.3%
1995	22.8%	32.1%
1996	22.2%	31.8%
1997	21.6%	31.5%
1998	20.9%	31.1%
1999	20.2%	30.8%
2000	19.4%	30.4%
2001	18.7%	30%
2002	18.1%	29.6%
2003	17.5%	29.2%
2004	17%	28.8%
2005	16.5%	28.5%
2006	16%	28.1%
2007	15.7%	27.9%
2008	15.4%	27.6%
2009	15.2%	27.5%
2010	15.1%	27.3%
2011	15.2%	27.1%
2012	15.1%	27%
2013	15.1%	26.9%
2014	15.1%	26.8%
2015	15.1%	26.6%
2016	15.1%	26.5%
2017	15.2%	26.4%
2018	15.3%	26.2%
2019	15.4%	26%
2020	15.5%	25.8%
2021	15.5%	25.6%
2022	15.3%	25.3%
2023	15.1%	25%
2024	14.8%	24.7%
2025	14.5%	24.4%
2026	14.1%	24.1%
2027	13.8%	23.8%
2028	13.5%	23.4%
2029	13.2%	23.1%
2030	13%	22.8%
2031	12.7%	22.6%
2032	12.4%	22.3%
2033	12.1%	22.1%
2034	11.8%	21.9%
2035	11.5%	21.7%
2036	11.3%	21.6%
2037	11.2%	21.5%
2038	11.1%	21.4%
2039	11.1%	21.3%
2040	11.1%	21.2%
2041	11%	21.1%
2042	11.1%	21%
2043	11.1%	21%
2044	11.1%	20.9%
2045	11.2%	20.8%
2046	11.3%	20.7%
2047	11.3%	20.7%
2048	11.4%	20.6%
2049	11.5%	20.5%
2050	11.5%	20.4%

The share of children aged 0-14 in Poland was 33.4% in 1960, 23.9% in 1993, and 14.8% as of the latest data in 2025.

More about the demographics of Poland.

Natural population change by year

For the past 10 years, the natural population change in Poland, excluding migration, has been -0.18% annually. On average, -67,544 more people died each year than were born.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Poland
1960	444,562
1961	398,521
1962	360,671
1963	359,330
1964	326,965
1965	314,450
1966	297,801
1967	275,089
1968	280,963
1969	270,151
1970	280,913
1971	278,660
1972	314,028
1973	320,229
1974	346,893
1975	350,356
1976	367,612
1977	353,828
1978	339,166
1979	366,571
1980	348,627
1981	351,806
1982	369,551
1983	373,032
1984	332,137
1985	297,615
1986	258,448
1987	226,008
1988	215,599
1989	182,215
1990	160,066
1991	141,511
1992	118,928
1993	103,846
1994	96,357
1995	46,314
1996	42,487
1997	34,785
1998	19,332
1999	0
2000	11,478
2001	3,825
2002	-3,823
2003	-15,281
2004	-7,637
2005	-3,817
2006	3,814
2007	11,436
2008	34,313
2009	30,521
2010	38,043
2011	11,419
2012	0
2013	-19,020
2014	0
2015	-26,590
2016	-3,797
2017	0
2018	-26,582
2019	-34,169
2020	-120,050
2021	-184,907
2022	-143,605
2023	-135,743

Maternal mortality chart

The maternal mortality rate in Poland was 2 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2023 — a 0.002% chance of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination. This is a -71.4% decrease compared to the year 2000.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Poland	World
1985	19	460
1986	19	438
1987	18	429
1988	18	414
1989	18	401
1990	18	391
1991	18	395
1992	16	395
1993	15	389
1994	14	382
1995	12	371
1996	11	366
1997	10	358
1998	9	360
1999	8	340
2000	7	328
2001	6	321
2002	5	311
2003	5	301
2004	4	291
2005	4	283
2006	4	276
2007	3	269
2008	3	264
2009	3	258
2010	3	253
2011	2	247
2012	2	239
2013	2	235
2014	2	231
2015	2	228
2016	2	220
2017	2	215
2018	2	211
2019	2	207
2020	3	211
2021	2	242
2022	2	203
2023	2	197

Under-five mortality rate chart

The under-5 mortality rate in Poland was 4.4 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2023 — a 0.44% chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five. This is down from 9.3 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Poland	World
1960	6.51%	18.5%
1961	6.02%	18.1%
1962	5.6%	17.8%
1963	5.23%	17.5%
1964	4.89%	17.7%
1965	4.57%	17.5%
1966	4.29%	17.3%
1967	4.06%	17%
1968	3.89%	16.5%
1969	3.75%	15.5%
1970	3.59%	15.2%
1971	3.42%	15.1%
1972	3.24%	14.4%
1973	3.06%	14.1%
1974	2.9%	13.7%
1975	2.79%	13.4%
1976	2.7%	13%
1977	2.62%	12.5%
1978	2.54%	12.1%
1979	2.47%	11.7%
1980	2.4%	11.4%
1981	2.33%	11%
1982	2.26%	10.8%
1983	2.19%	10.6%
1984	2.11%	10.4%
1985	2.03%	10.1%
1986	1.96%	9.81%
1987	1.89%	9.47%
1988	1.84%	9.31%
1989	1.79%	9.02%
1990	1.74%	8.81%
1991	1.69%	8.66%
1992	1.65%	8.46%
1993	1.6%	8.19%
1994	1.53%	7.98%
1995	1.43%	7.76%
1996	1.32%	7.52%
1997	1.2%	7.28%
1998	1.09%	7.05%
1999	1%	6.76%
2000	0.93%	6.48%
2001	0.88%	6.21%
2002	0.84%	5.94%
2003	0.81%	5.65%
2004	0.78%	5.43%
2005	0.76%	5.16%
2006	0.73%	4.92%
2007	0.7%	4.7%
2008	0.67%	4.5%
2009	0.63%	4.31%
2010	0.6%	4.11%
2011	0.57%	3.97%
2012	0.54%	3.77%
2013	0.52%	3.61%
2014	0.5%	3.48%
2015	0.49%	3.35%
2016	0.48%	3.23%
2017	0.46%	3.11%
2018	0.45%	2.97%
2019	0.44%	2.86%
2020	0.44%	2.75%
2021	0.44%	2.66%
2022	0.44%	2.59%
2023	0.44%	2.49%