United Kingdom birth & fertility rate charts by year

Fertility rate in the United Kingdom by year

According to the latest birth rate data available, the fertility rate in the United Kingdom was 1.56 in 2023 and has been below the replacement level of 2.1 children per woman since 1973. In 1993, the fertility rate was 1.76 — a 11.4% decline in 30 years.

Check population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart above shows the historical changes in fertility rate and ranking compared to other countries, where a lower rank number indicates a higher relative fertility rate.

Births, deaths, and natural population change by year

Over the past 10 years, the natural population change in the United Kingdom (from births and deaths only, excluding migration) has been +0.16% annually. On average, 103,312 more people were born each year than died.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was 0.05% — 34,589 more people were born than died.

In 2023, the United Kingdom ranks 102/196 for absolute natural population change and 154/196 for natural change rate, where a lower rank number indicates faster natural growth and a higher number indicates greater decline.

Birth rates by women's age

Above is a chart displaying birth rates in the United Kingdom by maternal age. In 2026, of all live births, 2.15% will be to women under age 20, 36.3% to women ages 20-29, and 61.6% to women ages 30 and above. The respective shares in 1990 were 8.46%, 60.2%, and 31.4%.

Children 0-14 years as share of population by year

Chart Table

United Kingdom

Factual

UN forecast

World

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Children 0-14 as share of population
	United Kingdom	World
2100	13.4%	16.5%
2099	13.4%	16.6%
2098	13.4%	16.6%
2097	13.5%	16.7%
2096	13.5%	16.8%
2095	13.6%	16.8%
2094	13.6%	16.9%
2093	13.7%	17%
2092	13.7%	17%
2091	13.8%	17.1%
2090	13.8%	17.2%
2089	13.8%	17.2%
2088	13.9%	17.3%
2087	13.9%	17.4%
2086	13.9%	17.4%
2085	13.9%	17.5%
2084	13.9%	17.5%
2083	13.9%	17.6%
2082	13.9%	17.7%
2081	13.9%	17.7%
2080	13.9%	17.8%
2079	13.8%	17.8%
2078	13.8%	17.9%
2077	13.8%	17.9%
2076	13.8%	18%
2075	13.8%	18%
2074	13.8%	18.1%
2073	13.8%	18.2%
2072	13.8%	18.2%
2071	13.8%	18.3%
2070	13.8%	18.3%
2069	13.8%	18.4%
2068	13.9%	18.5%
2067	13.9%	18.6%
2066	14%	18.6%
2065	14.1%	18.7%
2064	14.2%	18.8%
2063	14.3%	18.9%
2062	14.4%	19.1%
2061	14.5%	19.2%
2060	14.5%	19.3%
2059	14.6%	19.4%
2058	14.7%	19.5%
2057	14.8%	19.6%
2056	14.9%	19.8%
2055	15%	19.9%
2054	15%	20%
2053	15%	20.1%
2052	15.1%	20.2%
2051	15.1%	20.3%
2050	15.1%	20.4%
2049	15%	20.5%
2048	15%	20.6%
2047	15%	20.7%
2046	14.9%	20.8%
2045	14.9%	20.9%
2044	14.9%	20.9%
2043	14.8%	21%
2042	14.8%	21.1%
2041	14.8%	21.2%
2040	14.8%	21.2%
2039	14.8%	21.3%
2038	14.9%	21.4%
2037	14.9%	21.5%
2036	14.9%	21.6%
2035	15%	21.8%
2034	15.1%	22%
2033	15.3%	22.2%
2032	15.4%	22.4%
2031	15.6%	22.7%
2030	15.9%	23%
2029	16.1%	23.3%
2028	16.3%	23.6%
2027	16.6%	23.9%
2026	16.8%	24.2%
2025	17.1%	24.6%
2024	17.2%	24.7%
2023	17.4%	25%
2022	17.6%	25.3%
2021	17.8%	25.6%
2020	18%	25.8%
2019	18%	26%
2018	18.1%	26.2%
2017	18%	26.4%
2016	18%	26.5%
2015	17.9%	26.6%
2014	17.8%	26.8%
2013	17.8%	26.9%
2012	17.8%	27%
2011	17.7%	27.1%
2010	17.8%	27.3%
2009	17.8%	27.5%
2008	17.8%	27.6%
2007	17.9%	27.9%
2006	18%	28.1%
2005	18.2%	28.5%
2004	18.3%	28.8%
2003	18.4%	29.2%
2002	18.5%	29.6%
2001	18.7%	30%
2000	18.9%	30.4%
1999	19.2%	30.8%
1998	19.3%	31.1%
1997	19.3%	31.5%
1996	19.4%	31.8%
1995	19.5%	32.1%
1994	19.6%	32.3%
1993	19.5%	32.5%
1992	19.4%	32.7%
1991	19.3%	32.9%
1990	19.1%	33%
1989	19.1%	33.2%
1988	18.9%	33.4%
1987	18.9%	33.6%
1986	19.1%	33.8%
1985	19.3%	34%
1984	19.5%	34.3%
1983	19.8%	34.6%
1982	20.2%	34.9%
1981	20.6%	35.2%
1980	21%	35.5%
1979	21.4%	35.9%
1978	21.9%	36.3%
1977	22.4%	36.7%
1976	22.9%	36.9%
1975	23.3%	37.1%
1974	23.6%	37.2%
1973	23.9%	37.3%
1972	24%	37.5%
1971	24.1%	37.6%
1970	24.1%	37.7%
1969	24%	37.8%
1968	23.9%	37.9%
1967	23.7%	38%
1966	23.5%	38%
1965	23.4%	38%
1964	23.3%	38%
1963	23.2%	37.8%
1962	23.2%	37.6%
1961	23.3%	37.5%
1960	23.3%	37.4%

The share of children aged 0-14 in the United Kingdom was 23.3% in 1960, 19.4% in 1992, and 17.2% as of the latest data in 2024.

More about the demographics of the United Kingdom.

Maternal mortality by year

Chart Table

United Kingdom

World's average

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	United Kingdom	World
2023	8	197
2022	15	203
2021	13	242
2020	14	211
2019	9	207
2018	9	211
2017	9	215
2016	9	220
2015	9	228
2014	9	231
2013	9	235
2012	9	239
2011	10	247
2010	10	253
2009	11	258
2008	11	264
2007	11	269
2006	12	276
2005	12	283
2004	13	291
2003	14	301
2002	13	311
2001	13	321
2000	12	328
1999	11	340
1998	10	360
1997	9	358
1996	8	366
1995	9	371
1994	9	382
1993	8	389
1992	7	395
1991	7	395
1990	6	391
1989	5	401
1988	4	414
1987	3	429
1986	2	438
1985	2	460

The maternal mortality rate in the United Kingdom was 8 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2023 — a 0.008% chance of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination. This is a 33.3% decrease compared to the year 2000.

Under-five mortality by year

Chart Table

United Kingdom

World's average

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	United Kingdom	World
2023	0.45%	2.49%
2022	0.45%	2.59%
2021	0.44%	2.66%
2020	0.44%	2.75%
2019	0.44%	2.86%
2018	0.44%	2.97%
2017	0.44%	3.11%
2016	0.44%	3.22%
2015	0.45%	3.35%
2014	0.45%	3.48%
2013	0.46%	3.61%
2012	0.48%	3.77%
2011	0.5%	3.97%
2010	0.52%	4.11%
2009	0.54%	4.31%
2008	0.56%	4.5%
2007	0.58%	4.7%
2006	0.59%	4.92%
2005	0.6%	5.16%
2004	0.61%	5.43%
2003	0.63%	5.65%
2002	0.63%	5.94%
2001	0.64%	6.21%
2000	0.65%	6.48%
1999	0.67%	6.75%
1998	0.68%	7.05%
1997	0.69%	7.28%
1996	0.7%	7.52%
1995	0.72%	7.76%
1994	0.74%	7.98%
1993	0.77%	8.19%
1992	0.82%	8.46%
1991	0.87%	8.66%
1990	0.93%	8.81%
1989	0.99%	9.02%
1988	1.04%	9.31%
1987	1.08%	9.47%
1986	1.11%	9.81%
1985	1.14%	10.1%
1984	1.17%	10.4%
1983	1.22%	10.6%
1982	1.27%	10.8%
1981	1.34%	11%
1980	1.41%	11.4%
1979	1.49%	11.7%
1978	1.57%	12.2%
1977	1.64%	12.6%
1976	1.72%	13%
1975	1.8%	13.4%
1974	1.87%	13.8%
1973	1.94%	14.1%
1972	2%	14.5%
1971	2.06%	15.1%
1970	2.1%	15.2%
1969	2.14%	15.4%
1968	2.18%	15.6%
1967	2.22%	15.9%
1966	2.28%	16.1%
1965	2.34%	16.4%
1964	2.42%	16.6%
1963	2.49%	16.5%
1962	2.56%	16.7%
1961	2.61%	17%
1960	2.66%	17.2%

The under-5 mortality rate in the United Kingdom was 4.5 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2023 — a 0.45% chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five. This is down from 6.5 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000.