Fertility & birth rates in Cambodia and Sao Tome and Principe

Fertility rate in Cambodia vs Sao Tome and Principe chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Cambodia was 2.58 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.64 in Sao Tome and Principe in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Cambodia vs Sao Tome and Principe population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Cambodia	Sao Tome
1960	6.31	6.24
1961	6.3	6.26
1962	6.3	6.28
1963	6.29	6.31
1964	6.29	6.33
1965	6.27	6.35
1966	6.24	6.37
1967	6.2	6.39
1968	6.17	6.42
1969	6.12	6.44
1970	6.07	6.47
1971	6.01	6.49
1972	5.94	6.51
1973	5.56	6.53
1974	4.8	6.53
1975	4.1	6.53
1976	3.41	6.52
1977	2.72	6.5
1978	3.34	6.47
1979	4.56	6.43
1980	5.77	6.39
1981	6.04	6.33
1982	6.19	6.28
1983	6.3	6.22
1984	6.34	6.16
1985	6.31	6.1
1986	6.23	6.05
1987	6.1	5.99
1988	5.94	5.94
1989	5.68	5.88
1990	5.64	5.83
1991	5.59	5.77
1992	5.49	5.7
1993	5.43	5.64
1994	5.28	5.56
1995	5.08	5.55
1996	4.87	5.47
1997	4.39	5.4
1998	4.13	5.3
1999	3.93	5.23
2000	3.79	5.16
2001	3.69	5.1
2002	3.57	5.06
2003	3.43	5.01
2004	3.31	4.96
2005	3.24	4.94
2006	3.18	4.93
2007	3.13	4.96
2008	3.05	4.91
2009	2.97	4.84
2010	2.86	4.77
2011	2.78	4.72
2012	2.75	4.66
2013	2.74	4.58
2014	2.73	4.49
2015	2.73	4.35
2016	2.73	4.2
2017	2.72	4.07
2018	2.72	3.98
2019	2.73	3.9
2020	2.7	3.83
2021	2.66	3.76
2022	2.62	3.7
2023	2.58	3.64
2024	2.55	3.6
2025	2.51	3.53
2026	2.49	3.47
2027	2.46	3.42
2028	2.43	3.36
2029	2.41	3.32
2030	2.38	3.26
2031	2.36	3.21
2032	2.33	3.17
2033	2.31	3.13
2034	2.29	3.09
2035	2.26	3.04
2036	2.24	3.01
2037	2.22	2.97
2038	2.2	2.94
2039	2.18	2.9
2040	2.17	2.87
2041	2.15	2.83
2042	2.14	2.8
2043	2.12	2.78
2044	2.11	2.75
2045	2.09	2.73
2046	2.08	2.7
2047	2.07	2.67
2048	2.06	2.64
2049	2.05	2.62
2050	2.03	2.59

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Cambodia	Sao Tome
1960	43.7%	32.9%
1961	43.8%	34.3%
1962	43.9%	36.6%
1963	44%	38.5%
1964	44.1%	40.2%
1965	44.1%	41.6%
1966	44.1%	42.9%
1967	44%	44%
1968	44%	44.9%
1969	43.9%	45.8%
1970	44.4%	46.2%
1971	45%	46.1%
1972	45.2%	45.9%
1973	45.2%	45.7%
1974	44.9%	45.6%
1975	44.8%	45.5%
1976	44.7%	45.4%
1977	44.2%	45.3%
1978	43.8%	45.2%
1979	43%	45.1%
1980	42.5%	44.9%
1981	42.7%	44.7%
1982	42.6%	44.5%
1983	42.5%	44.5%
1984	42.4%	44.4%
1985	42.5%	44.5%
1986	42.5%	44.7%
1987	42.5%	44.9%
1988	42.8%	45%
1989	43.2%	45%
1990	43.7%	45.1%
1991	44.5%	45.1%
1992	45%	45.2%
1993	45.3%	45.2%
1994	46%	45.1%
1995	46.4%	44.9%
1996	46.2%	44.7%
1997	45.4%	44.3%
1998	44.5%	43.9%
1999	43.6%	43.4%
2000	42.5%	42.8%
2001	41.5%	42.5%
2002	40.5%	42.3%
2003	39.5%	42.2%
2004	38.5%	42.1%
2005	37.6%	42%
2006	36.6%	42%
2007	35.6%	42%
2008	34.7%	42.1%
2009	33.9%	42.1%
2010	33.3%	42.1%
2011	32.8%	42%
2012	32.4%	42%
2013	32.2%	42%
2014	32%	42%
2015	31.9%	41.9%
2016	31.8%	41.7%
2017	31.7%	41.4%
2018	31.5%	40.9%
2019	31.3%	40.5%
2020	31.1%	39.9%
2021	30.8%	39.4%
2022	30.5%	38.8%
2023	30.1%	38.3%
2024	29.8%	37.8%
2025	29.5%	37.5%
2026	29.2%	37.2%
2027	28.9%	36.8%
2028	28.6%	36.4%
2029	28.3%	36%
2030	28%	35.6%
2031	27.6%	35.4%
2032	27.2%	35.2%
2033	26.9%	35%
2034	26.5%	34.8%
2035	26.1%	34.7%
2036	25.7%	34.5%
2037	25.4%	34.2%
2038	25.1%	34%
2039	24.8%	33.8%
2040	24.6%	33.5%
2041	24.3%	33.2%
2042	24.1%	32.9%
2043	23.9%	32.6%
2044	23.7%	32.3%
2045	23.6%	32%
2046	23.4%	31.6%
2047	23.2%	31.3%
2048	23%	31%
2049	22.9%	30.6%
2050	22.7%	30.2%

Children aged 0-14 make up 29.8% of the population in Cambodia and 37.8% in Sao Tome and Principe in 2024, compared to 43.7% and 45.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Cambodia and Sao Tome and Principe compared.

Natural population change in Cambodia vs Sao Tome and Principe by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.67% in Cambodia and +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Cambodia	Sao Tome
1960	124,237	1,547
1961	128,259	1,657
1962	132,861	1,625
1963	137,562	1,609
1964	141,216	1,600
1965	144,460	1,611
1966	147,583	1,642
1967	150,046	1,693
1968	153,444	1,767
1969	156,777	1,862
1970	122,832	1,980
1971	113,813	2,127
1972	113,190	2,232
1973	101,304	2,329
1974	73,001	2,422
1975	-383,806	2,515
1976	-408,505	2,608
1977	-416,117	2,705
1978	-357,478	2,800
1979	78,143	2,893
1980	159,157	2,965
1981	166,578	3,015
1982	180,300	3,047
1983	192,849	3,100
1984	207,700	3,163
1985	214,101	3,242
1986	221,684	3,180
1987	235,064	3,440
1988	243,203	3,544
1989	239,211	3,576
1990	249,776	3,719
1991	257,709	3,801
1992	260,673	3,822
1993	282,221	3,841
1994	286,728	3,860
1995	280,168	3,948
1996	274,147	3,993
1997	252,351	4,041
1998	251,076	4,120
1999	245,425	4,221
2000	246,330	4,334
2001	250,726	4,471
2002	251,860	4,591
2003	251,884	4,702
2004	251,650	4,810
2005	256,756	4,897
2006	263,697	5,057
2007	270,745	5,226
2008	272,132	5,297
2009	274,700	5,349
2010	272,266	5,391
2011	272,161	5,445
2012	276,649	5,501
2013	281,013	5,449
2014	283,193	5,381
2015	284,390	5,269
2016	284,130	5,125
2017	282,698	5,007
2018	280,671	4,957
2019	276,870	4,932
2020	268,745	4,874
2021	255,939	4,954
2022	257,269	5,102
2023	250,242	5,221

Maternal mortality chart: Cambodia vs Sao Tome and Principe

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 137 deaths per 100,000 live births in Cambodia, compared to 75 deaths in Sao Tome and Principe.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Cambodia	Sao Tome
1985	874	159
1986	824	175
1987	772	161
1988	742	157
1989	702	167
1990	681	164
1991	681	166
1992	667	164
1993	680	166
1994	665	168
1995	642	172
1996	622	171
1997	580	173
1998	557	175
1999	517	179
2000	476	180
2001	437	178
2002	399	179
2003	366	178
2004	344	177
2005	323	181
2006	303	177
2007	290	174
2008	272	174
2009	251	172
2010	234	170
2011	214	164
2012	197	158
2013	182	150
2014	172	138
2015	166	128
2016	159	119
2017	155	110
2018	151	100
2019	149	95
2020	164	92
2021	189	98
2022	159	82
2023	137	75

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 2.29% in Cambodia and 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Cambodia	Sao Tome
1965	-	9.56%
1966	-	9.29%
1967	-	9.04%
1968	-	8.85%
1969	-	8.71%
1970	-	8.64%
1971	-	8.63%
1972	-	8.67%
1973	-	8.73%
1974	-	8.79%
1975	52.5%	8.85%
1976	54.1%	8.89%
1977	52.5%	8.93%
1978	48.5%	8.96%
1979	20.7%	9.02%
1980	18.1%	9.1%
1981	15.9%	9.21%
1982	14.1%	9.37%
1983	13%	9.56%
1984	12.4%	9.77%
1985	12%	9.99%
1986	11.8%	11.4%
1987	11.7%	10.4%
1988	11.6%	10.6%
1989	11.6%	10.7%
1990	11.6%	10.8%
1991	11.6%	10.9%
1992	11.7%	10.9%
1993	11.7%	10.8%
1994	11.9%	10.7%
1995	12%	10.4%
1996	12%	10.1%
1997	11.9%	9.73%
1998	11.7%	9.26%
1999	11.3%	8.76%
2000	10.6%	8.21%
2001	9.65%	7.66%
2002	8.67%	7.1%
2003	7.8%	6.57%
2004	7.08%	6.05%
2005	6.48%	5.56%
2006	5.98%	5.11%
2007	5.54%	4.68%
2008	5.13%	4.3%
2009	4.74%	3.95%
2010	4.37%	3.63%
2011	4.05%	3.33%
2012	3.77%	3.04%
2013	3.53%	2.77%
2014	3.33%	2.54%
2015	3.16%	2.31%
2016	3.02%	2.11%
2017	2.89%	1.95%
2018	2.77%	1.81%
2019	2.67%	1.7%
2020	2.56%	1.6%
2021	2.47%	1.53%
2022	2.38%	1.46%
2023	2.29%	1.39%