Thailand birth & fertility rate decline on charts

Thailand has a birth rate of 8.24 (annual births per 1,000 people) and a fertility rate of 1.21 (the average number of children a woman is expected to have over her lifetime based on current age-specific birth rates).

In 1960, the fertility rate in Thailand was 6.33 children per woman — 5.22 times higher than in 2023.

Thailand birth rate statistics:

Thailand is ranked 173/196 by birth rate now and was ranked 98/194 in 1960.
The mean age at first birth in Thailand is 23.3 — it was 23.3 in 2017.
The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 28.6, a change from 27.1 in 1990.
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) changed from 75.2 in 1960 to 26.1 in 2023.
24.1% of the population in 2024 is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), a change from 22.6% in 1960.

Fertility rate in Thailand by year

1x

Year	Fertility rate	Rank
2023	1.21	179
2022	1.22	186
2021	1.23	185
2020	1.26	186
2019	1.29	186
2018	1.32	184
2017	1.36	183
2016	1.4	180
2015	1.45	174
2014	1.48	172
2013	1.53	165
2012	1.56	163
2011	1.57	161
2010	1.56	168
2009	1.57	166
2008	1.59	162
2007	1.62	160
2006	1.63	157
2005	1.64	155
2004	1.67	155
2003	1.67	154
2002	1.69	152
2001	1.71	151
2000	1.73	151
1999	1.77	148
1998	1.82	146
1997	1.85	149
1996	1.87	149
1995	1.89	146
1994	1.93	147
1993	1.97	147
1992	2.01	150
1991	2.04	151
1990	2.07	152
1989	2.14	148
1988	2.17	146
1987	2.26	145
1986	2.36	143
1985	2.45	140
1984	2.58	137
1983	2.76	132
1982	2.94	132
1981	3.13	128
1980	3.29	127
1979	3.45	125
1978	3.62	123
1977	3.87	119
1976	4.12	118
1975	4.36	118
1974	4.6	116
1973	4.85	112
1972	5.08	112
1971	5.25	110
1970	5.45	108
1969	5.7	105
1968	5.93	100
1967	6.08	92
1966	6.18	93
1965	6.26	89
1964	6.31	86
1963	6.34	85
1962	6.33	85
1961	6.32	84
1960	6.33	85

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/thailand | CC BY

According to the latest birth rate data available, the fertility rate in Thailand was 1.21 in 2023 and has been below the replacement level of 2.1 children per woman since 1990. In 1993, the fertility rate was 1.97 — a 38.4% decline in 30 years.

Check population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart above shows the historical changes in fertility rate and ranking compared to other countries, where a lower rank number indicates a higher relative fertility rate.

Births, deaths, and natural population change by year

1x

Year	People
Year	Natural change	Births	Deaths
2023	-46,105	591,186	637,291
2022	-61,046	601,142	662,188
2021	57,382	612,838	555,456
2020	84,107	629,871	545,764
2019	116,867	647,705	530,838
2018	159,383	670,935	511,552
2017	194,695	694,879	500,184
2016	226,255	716,463	490,208
2015	266,362	747,309	480,947
2014	294,628	768,869	474,241
2013	325,059	793,929	468,870
2012	351,485	816,429	464,944
2011	365,670	824,153	458,483
2010	370,466	823,570	453,104
2009	382,636	830,259	447,623
2008	401,730	846,938	445,208
2007	425,362	867,365	442,003
2006	441,211	879,226	438,015
2005	456,378	890,442	434,064
2004	466,542	904,547	438,005
2003	488,003	911,592	423,589
2002	504,299	921,259	416,960
2001	524,230	933,443	409,213
2000	543,884	946,818	402,934
1999	578,073	970,930	392,857
1998	617,318	1,001,403	384,085
1997	644,834	1,021,994	377,160
1996	661,397	1,033,860	372,463
1995	682,703	1,044,620	361,917
1994	712,589	1,062,561	349,972
1993	737,696	1,076,059	338,363
1992	754,999	1,084,788	329,789
1991	760,508	1,082,259	321,751
1990	760,808	1,074,075	313,267
1989	774,563	1,085,002	310,439
1988	765,252	1,072,263	307,011
1987	774,498	1,079,027	304,529
1986	783,430	1,089,115	305,685
1985	776,935	1,088,412	311,477
1984	779,856	1,102,023	322,167
1983	794,239	1,128,456	334,217
1982	817,951	1,161,574	343,623
1981	839,297	1,189,174	349,877
1980	845,575	1,199,636	354,061
1979	843,434	1,198,006	354,572
1978	847,799	1,202,226	354,427
1977	871,232	1,224,823	353,591
1976	894,072	1,250,443	356,371
1975	911,980	1,273,029	361,049
1974	923,151	1,289,279	366,128
1973	933,540	1,305,218	371,678
1972	940,420	1,315,169	374,749
1971	936,215	1,315,192	378,977
1970	937,116	1,320,569	383,453
1969	948,314	1,339,390	391,076
1968	953,806	1,351,431	397,625
1967	944,980	1,347,017	402,037
1966	929,469	1,334,042	404,573
1965	909,000	1,315,405	406,405
1964	885,137	1,292,847	407,710
1963	860,728	1,268,468	407,740
1962	828,741	1,235,991	407,250
1961	801,140	1,205,056	403,916
1960	774,190	1,176,187	401,997

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/thailand | CC BY

Over the past 10 years, the natural population change in Thailand (from births and deaths only, excluding migration) has been +0.18% annually. On average, 129,252 more people were born each year than died.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.06% — 46,105 more people died than were born.

In 2023, Thailand ranks 183/196 for absolute natural population change and 162/196 for natural change rate, where a lower rank number indicates faster natural growth and a higher number indicates greater decline.

Birth rates in Thailand compared to other countries

	Thailand	Rank
Fertility rate	1.21	179/196
Birth rate	8.24	173/196
Population change due to births and deaths	-46,105	183/196
Natural population change rate	-0.06%	162/196
Population growth	-0.05%	168/197
Age at first childbirth	23.3 years	69/137
Average age at childbearing	28.6 years	129/197
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19	23	114/197
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29	57.4	164/197
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+	9.94	191/197
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population	24.1%	111/196
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49	70.7%	16/179
Share of births attended by skilled health staff	99.1%	74/191
Maternal mortality per live birth	0.03%	112/193
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age)	0.52%	123/193
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age)	0.8%	128/196
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age	0.92%	130/192
Life expectancy	77.1 years	75/197

Birth rates by women's age

Annual births per 1,000 women

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 women
Year	Total	15-19	20-29	30+
2026	15.4	23	57.4	9.94
2025	15.5	23.8	57.9	9.95
2024	15.8	24.8	58.7	10
2023	16.1	25.9	59.4	10.1
2022	16.3	26	59.9	10.3
2021	16.7	27.2	60.2	10.6
2020	17.2	29.4	61.7	10.7
2019	17.7	31.1	62.7	11.1
2018	18.4	34.4	64.6	11.4
2017	19.1	38.7	66.5	11.6
2016	19.8	43.9	67.9	11.9
2015	20.8	48.1	70.4	12.4
2014	21.5	50.3	71.7	12.8
2013	22.3	52.3	74.4	13.2
2012	23.1	54	77.1	13.6
2011	23.5	54.3	78.1	13.9
2010	23.6	52.7	80.1	13.7
2009	24	52.6	79.6	14.1
2008	24.7	52.3	81.3	14.7
2007	25.5	52	83.7	15.2
2006	26.1	51.1	86	15.5
2005	26.6	48.1	89	15.9
2004	27.3	48.7	90.2	16.5
2003	27.8	45.5	91	17.5
2002	28.3	42.6	92.8	18.4
2001	29	40	94.8	19.3
2000	29.7	39.4	96.5	20.1
1999	30.9	42.3	98.8	20.4
1998	32.3	44.8	101.1	21.3
1997	33.4	43.8	103.4	22.3
1996	34.3	46.5	104.6	22.5
1995	35.2	48	106.5	22.6
1994	36.3	51	110.2	22.4
1993	37.4	51.3	113.5	22.7
1992	38.3	51.1	116.7	23.3
1991	38.9	50.9	119	23.6
1990	39.3	49.9	121	24.3
1989	40.4	49.3	125.5	25.4
1988	40.6	48.2	127.6	26.2
1987	41.5	49.2	131.3	27.7
1986	42.7	50.4	135.3	29.7
1985	43.4	51.1	138.5	31.4
1984	44.8	51.5	144.4	33.8
1983	46.8	53.7	152	36.7
1982	49.1	56.2	161.8	39.4
1981	51.3	57.8	171.9	42
1980	52.8	58	178.4	45.5
1979	53.9	57.2	181.7	49.7
1978	55.2	56.1	188.6	53.6
1977	57.6	57.8	194.2	60.4
1976	60.1	60.6	200	67.4
1975	62.6	61.8	210	73
1974	65	65.9	217.3	78.5
1973	67.5	67.7	226.4	84.3
1972	69.8	68.3	234.8	90.2
1971	71.7	69.8	241.9	94.4
1970	74	71.6	250.1	99
1969	77.1	74.9	259.6	104.7
1968	80	77.9	265.8	109.8
1967	82.1	79.3	270.7	113
1966	83.7	78.3	274.4	115.5
1965	85	77.3	277.1	117.3
1964	86.1	75.8	278.6	118.5
1963	87	76.4	279	118.9
1962	87.4	76.8	277.8	118.3
1961	87.7	76.4	277.6	117.6
1960	88.2	75.7	278.2	116.8

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/thailand | CC BY

Above is a chart displaying birth rates in Thailand by maternal age. In 2026, of all live births, 8.35% will be to women under age 20, 47.5% to women ages 20-29, and 44.1% to women ages 30 and above. The respective shares in 1990 were 13.6%, 62.5%, and 23.9%.

Children 0-14 years as share of population by year

1x

Year	Children 0-14 as share of population
Year	Thailand	World
2100	11.4%	16.5%
2099	11.4%	16.6%
2098	11.4%	16.6%
2097	11.4%	16.7%
2096	11.4%	16.8%
2095	11.3%	16.8%
2094	11.3%	16.9%
2093	11.3%	17%
2092	11.3%	17%
2091	11.3%	17.1%
2090	11.3%	17.2%
2089	11.3%	17.2%
2088	11.3%	17.3%
2087	11.3%	17.4%
2086	11.3%	17.4%
2085	11.3%	17.5%
2084	11.3%	17.5%
2083	11.3%	17.6%
2082	11.3%	17.7%
2081	11.3%	17.7%
2080	11.2%	17.8%
2079	11.2%	17.8%
2078	11.2%	17.9%
2077	11.2%	17.9%
2076	11.1%	18%
2075	11.1%	18%
2074	11.1%	18.1%
2073	11%	18.2%
2072	11%	18.2%
2071	11%	18.3%
2070	11%	18.3%
2069	10.9%	18.4%
2068	10.9%	18.5%
2067	10.9%	18.6%
2066	10.9%	18.6%
2065	10.9%	18.7%
2064	10.9%	18.8%
2063	11%	18.9%
2062	11%	19.1%
2061	11%	19.2%
2060	11.1%	19.3%
2059	11.1%	19.4%
2058	11.1%	19.5%
2057	11.2%	19.6%
2056	11.2%	19.8%
2055	11.3%	19.9%
2054	11.3%	20%
2053	11.4%	20.1%
2052	11.4%	20.2%
2051	11.5%	20.3%
2050	11.5%	20.4%
2049	11.6%	20.5%
2048	11.6%	20.6%
2047	11.6%	20.7%
2046	11.7%	20.8%
2045	11.7%	20.9%
2044	11.7%	20.9%
2043	11.7%	21%
2042	11.8%	21.1%
2041	11.8%	21.2%
2040	11.8%	21.2%
2039	11.9%	21.3%
2038	11.9%	21.4%
2037	12%	21.5%
2036	12%	21.6%
2035	12.1%	21.8%
2034	12.2%	22%
2033	12.4%	22.2%
2032	12.6%	22.4%
2031	12.8%	22.7%
2030	13%	23%
2029	13.3%	23.3%
2028	13.6%	23.6%
2027	13.9%	23.9%
2026	14.2%	24.2%
2025	14.6%	24.6%
2024	14.7%	24.7%
2023	15.1%	25%
2022	15.4%	25.3%
2021	15.8%	25.6%
2020	16.2%	25.8%
2019	16.6%	26%
2018	16.9%	26.2%
2017	17.3%	26.4%
2016	17.7%	26.5%
2015	18.1%	26.6%
2014	18.5%	26.8%
2013	18.8%	26.9%
2012	19.2%	27%
2011	19.7%	27.1%
2010	20.1%	27.3%
2009	20.6%	27.5%
2008	20.9%	27.6%
2007	21.3%	27.9%
2006	21.7%	28.1%
2005	22.2%	28.5%
2004	22.6%	28.8%
2003	23%	29.2%
2002	23.4%	29.6%
2001	23.9%	30%
2000	24.4%	30.4%
1999	24.9%	30.8%
1998	25.4%	31.1%
1997	25.9%	31.5%
1996	26.4%	31.8%
1995	26.9%	32.1%
1994	27.4%	32.3%
1993	28%	32.5%
1992	28.5%	32.7%
1991	29.2%	32.9%
1990	30%	33%
1989	30.7%	33.2%
1988	31.5%	33.4%
1987	32.4%	33.6%
1986	33.2%	33.8%
1985	34.1%	34%
1984	35.1%	34.3%
1983	36%	34.6%
1982	37%	34.9%
1981	37.8%	35.2%
1980	38.7%	35.5%
1979	39.5%	35.9%
1978	40.3%	36.3%
1977	41.1%	36.7%
1976	41.8%	36.9%
1975	42.4%	37.1%
1974	43%	37.2%
1973	43.5%	37.3%
1972	44%	37.5%
1971	44.4%	37.6%
1970	44.8%	37.7%
1969	45%	37.8%
1968	45.2%	37.9%
1967	45.3%	38%
1966	45.4%	38%
1965	45.4%	38%
1964	45.3%	38%
1963	45.1%	37.8%
1962	44.8%	37.6%
1961	44.6%	37.5%
1960	44.3%	37.4%

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/thailand | CC BY

The share of children aged 0-14 in Thailand was 44.3% in 1960, 28.5% in 1992, and 14.7% as of the latest data in 2024.

More about the demographics of Thailand.

Fertility rates around the globe

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/thailand | CC BY

Maternal mortality by year

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
Year	Thailand	World
2023	34	197
2022	112	203
2021	38	242
2020	36	211
2019	34	207
2018	34	211
2017	34	215
2016	34	220
2015	34	228
2014	34	231
2013	35	235
2012	36	239
2011	37	247
2010	37	253
2009	37	258
2008	37	264
2007	38	269
2006	38	276
2005	40	283
2004	44	291
2003	42	301
2002	44	311
2001	47	321
2000	49	328
1999	48	340
1998	47	360
1997	48	358
1996	49	366
1995	52	371
1994	54	382
1993	57	389
1992	58	395
1991	59	395
1990	60	391
1989	64	401
1988	67	414
1987	72	429
1986	78	438
1985	88	460

Data sources: World Bank | Gender (1985–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/thailand | CC BY

The maternal mortality rate in Thailand was 34 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2023 — a 0.03% chance of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination. This is a 30.6% decrease compared to the year 2000.

Under-five mortality by year

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
Year	Thailand	World
2023	0.92%	2.49%
2022	0.95%	2.59%
2021	0.98%	2.66%
2020	1.01%	2.75%
2019	1.04%	2.86%
2018	1.08%	2.97%
2017	1.11%	3.11%
2016	1.15%	3.22%
2015	1.19%	3.35%
2014	1.23%	3.48%
2013	1.27%	3.61%
2012	1.32%	3.77%
2011	1.37%	3.97%
2010	1.42%	4.11%
2009	1.47%	4.31%
2008	1.53%	4.5%
2007	1.59%	4.7%
2006	1.66%	4.92%
2005	1.73%	5.16%
2004	1.81%	5.43%
2003	1.89%	5.65%
2002	1.98%	5.94%
2001	2.08%	6.21%
2000	2.18%	6.48%
1999	2.29%	6.75%
1998	2.41%	7.05%
1997	2.53%	7.28%
1996	2.67%	7.52%
1995	2.81%	7.76%
1994	2.96%	7.98%
1993	3.12%	8.19%
1992	3.3%	8.46%
1991	3.49%	8.66%
1990	3.69%	8.81%
1989	3.91%	9.02%
1988	4.12%	9.31%
1987	4.34%	9.47%
1986	4.57%	9.81%
1985	4.8%	10.1%
1984	5.03%	10.4%
1983	5.28%	10.6%
1982	5.53%	10.8%
1981	5.79%	11%
1980	6.07%	11.4%
1979	6.36%	11.7%
1978	6.67%	12.2%
1977	7%	12.6%
1976	7.35%	13%
1975	7.73%	13.4%
1974	8.14%	13.8%
1973	8.56%	14.1%
1972	9.01%	14.5%
1971	9.47%	15.1%
1970	9.95%	15.2%
1969	10.4%	15.4%
1968	10.9%	15.6%
1967	11.4%	15.9%
1966	11.8%	16.1%
1965	12.3%	16.4%
1964	12.8%	16.6%
1963	13.2%	16.5%
1962	13.7%	16.7%
1961	14.2%	17%
1960	14.7%	17.2%

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/thailand | CC BY

The under-5 mortality rate in Thailand was 9.2 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2023 — a 0.92% chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five. This is down from 21.8 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000.