Fertility & birth rates in Samoa and Sao Tome and Principe

Fertility rate in Samoa vs Sao Tome and Principe chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Samoa was 3.83 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.64 in Sao Tome and Principe in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Samoa vs Sao Tome and Principe population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Samoa	Sao Tome
1960	7.78	6.24
1961	7.77	6.26
1962	7.76	6.28
1963	7.73	6.31
1964	7.7	6.33
1965	7.65	6.35
1966	7.6	6.37
1967	7.55	6.39
1968	7.5	6.42
1969	7.43	6.44
1970	7.34	6.47
1971	7.22	6.49
1972	7.07	6.51
1973	6.91	6.53
1974	6.75	6.53
1975	6.61	6.53
1976	6.47	6.52
1977	6.31	6.5
1978	6.15	6.47
1979	5.99	6.43
1980	5.86	6.39
1981	5.75	6.33
1982	5.68	6.28
1983	5.62	6.22
1984	5.55	6.16
1985	5.49	6.1
1986	5.42	6.05
1987	5.32	5.99
1988	5.21	5.94
1989	5.11	5.88
1990	5.01	5.83
1991	4.91	5.77
1992	4.87	5.7
1993	4.83	5.64
1994	4.79	5.56
1995	4.77	5.55
1996	4.74	5.47
1997	4.7	5.4
1998	4.64	5.3
1999	4.57	5.23
2000	4.52	5.16
2001	4.48	5.1
2002	4.44	5.06
2003	4.39	5.01
2004	4.34	4.96
2005	4.32	4.94
2006	4.32	4.93
2007	4.36	4.96
2008	4.42	4.91
2009	4.47	4.84
2010	4.52	4.77
2011	4.56	4.72
2012	4.55	4.66
2013	4.49	4.58
2014	4.42	4.49
2015	4.34	4.35
2016	4.26	4.2
2017	4.2	4.07
2018	4.14	3.98
2019	4.06	3.9
2020	4	3.83
2021	3.94	3.76
2022	3.88	3.7
2023	3.83	3.64
2024	3.8	3.6
2025	3.75	3.53
2026	3.7	3.47
2027	3.66	3.42
2028	3.62	3.36
2029	3.58	3.32
2030	3.54	3.26
2031	3.5	3.21
2032	3.46	3.17
2033	3.42	3.13
2034	3.39	3.09
2035	3.35	3.04
2036	3.31	3.01
2037	3.27	2.97
2038	3.24	2.94
2039	3.21	2.9
2040	3.17	2.87
2041	3.13	2.83
2042	3.1	2.8
2043	3.06	2.78
2044	3.04	2.75
2045	3.01	2.73
2046	2.98	2.7
2047	2.95	2.67
2048	2.92	2.64
2049	2.89	2.62
2050	2.86	2.59

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Samoa	Sao Tome
1960	50.1%	32.9%
1961	50.2%	34.3%
1962	50.6%	36.6%
1963	50.9%	38.5%
1964	51.2%	40.2%
1965	51.3%	41.6%
1966	51.3%	42.9%
1967	51.4%	44%
1968	51.4%	44.9%
1969	51.4%	45.8%
1970	51.2%	46.2%
1971	51%	46.1%
1972	50.8%	45.9%
1973	50.4%	45.7%
1974	49.9%	45.6%
1975	49.3%	45.5%
1976	48.6%	45.4%
1977	48%	45.3%
1978	47.4%	45.2%
1979	46.9%	45.1%
1980	46.4%	44.9%
1981	45.9%	44.7%
1982	45.2%	44.5%
1983	44.4%	44.5%
1984	43.7%	44.4%
1985	43.1%	44.5%
1986	42.6%	44.7%
1987	42.2%	44.9%
1988	42%	45%
1989	41.8%	45%
1990	41.5%	45.1%
1991	41.2%	45.1%
1992	40.8%	45.2%
1993	40.3%	45.2%
1994	40%	45.1%
1995	39.9%	44.9%
1996	39.9%	44.7%
1997	40.1%	44.3%
1998	40.2%	43.9%
1999	40.3%	43.4%
2000	40.5%	42.8%
2001	40.7%	42.5%
2002	40.5%	42.3%
2003	40.2%	42.2%
2004	39.9%	42.1%
2005	39.6%	42%
2006	39.4%	42%
2007	39%	42%
2008	38.7%	42.1%
2009	38.5%	42.1%
2010	38.4%	42.1%
2011	38.4%	42%
2012	38.3%	42%
2013	38.1%	42%
2014	38.1%	42%
2015	38.1%	41.9%
2016	38.1%	41.7%
2017	38.2%	41.4%
2018	38.3%	40.9%
2019	38.5%	40.5%
2020	38.6%	39.9%
2021	38.7%	39.4%
2022	38.8%	38.8%
2023	38.7%	38.3%
2024	38.5%	37.8%
2025	38.1%	37.5%
2026	37.5%	37.2%
2027	36.9%	36.8%
2028	36.3%	36.4%
2029	35.8%	36%
2030	35.2%	35.6%
2031	34.7%	35.4%
2032	34.2%	35.2%
2033	33.7%	35%
2034	33.3%	34.8%
2035	33%	34.7%
2036	32.7%	34.5%
2037	32.6%	34.2%
2038	32.6%	34%
2039	32.7%	33.8%
2040	32.7%	33.5%
2041	32.8%	33.2%
2042	32.9%	32.9%
2043	33%	32.6%
2044	33.1%	32.3%
2045	33.1%	32%
2046	33.1%	31.6%
2047	33%	31.3%
2048	32.9%	31%
2049	32.7%	30.6%
2050	32.5%	30.2%

Children aged 0-14 make up 38.5% of the population in Samoa and 37.8% in Sao Tome and Principe in 2024, compared to 41.5% and 45.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Samoa and Sao Tome and Principe compared.

Natural population change in Samoa vs Sao Tome and Principe by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +2.18% in Samoa and +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Samoa	Sao Tome
1960	4,298	1,547
1961	4,399	1,657
1962	4,498	1,625
1963	4,544	1,609
1964	4,326	1,600
1965	4,605	1,611
1966	4,593	1,642
1967	4,621	1,693
1968	4,605	1,767
1969	4,592	1,862
1970	4,567	1,980
1971	4,534	2,127
1972	4,487	2,232
1973	4,446	2,329
1974	4,411	2,422
1975	4,465	2,515
1976	4,519	2,608
1977	4,555	2,705
1978	4,587	2,800
1979	4,624	2,893
1980	4,672	2,965
1981	4,720	3,015
1982	4,808	3,047
1983	4,914	3,100
1984	4,979	3,163
1985	4,998	3,242
1986	4,983	3,180
1987	4,909	3,440
1988	4,889	3,544
1989	4,845	3,576
1990	4,759	3,719
1991	4,655	3,801
1992	4,652	3,822
1993	4,769	3,841
1994	4,880	3,860
1995	4,976	3,948
1996	5,038	3,993
1997	5,053	4,041
1998	5,022	4,120
1999	4,937	4,221
2000	4,855	4,334
2001	4,759	4,471
2002	4,672	4,591
2003	4,622	4,702
2004	4,554	4,810
2005	4,503	4,897
2006	4,473	5,057
2007	4,480	5,226
2008	4,581	5,297
2009	4,525	5,349
2010	4,779	5,391
2011	4,860	5,445
2012	4,863	5,501
2013	4,875	5,449
2014	4,849	5,381
2015	4,795	5,269
2016	4,720	5,125
2017	4,661	5,007
2018	4,637	4,957
2019	4,495	4,932
2020	4,442	4,874
2021	4,379	4,954
2022	4,288	5,102
2023	4,170	5,221

Maternal mortality chart: Samoa vs Sao Tome and Principe

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 101 deaths per 100,000 live births in Samoa, compared to 75 deaths in Sao Tome and Principe.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Samoa	Sao Tome
1985	160	159
1986	153	175
1987	147	161
1988	143	157
1989	136	167
1990	135	164
1991	131	166
1992	124	164
1993	117	166
1994	112	168
1995	105	172
1996	103	171
1997	98	173
1998	96	175
1999	94	179
2000	93	180
2001	93	178
2002	89	179
2003	87	178
2004	86	177
2005	87	181
2006	86	177
2007	85	174
2008	87	174
2009	94	172
2010	92	170
2011	93	164
2012	101	158
2013	100	150
2014	106	138
2015	108	128
2016	108	119
2017	111	110
2018	110	100
2019	111	95
2020	114	92
2021	115	98
2022	110	82
2023	101	75

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.57% in Samoa and 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Samoa	Sao Tome
1960	10.7%	-
1961	10.3%	-
1962	9.93%	-
1963	9.56%	-
1964	11.1%	-
1965	8.9%	9.56%
1966	8.57%	9.29%
1967	8.23%	9.04%
1968	7.89%	8.85%
1969	7.53%	8.71%
1970	7.19%	8.64%
1971	6.85%	8.63%
1972	6.52%	8.67%
1973	6.2%	8.73%
1974	5.9%	8.79%
1975	5.62%	8.85%
1976	5.34%	8.89%
1977	5.07%	8.93%
1978	4.82%	8.96%
1979	4.59%	9.02%
1980	4.38%	9.1%
1981	4.19%	9.21%
1982	4.01%	9.37%
1983	3.85%	9.56%
1984	3.7%	9.77%
1985	3.56%	9.99%
1986	3.42%	11.4%
1987	3.3%	10.4%
1988	3.18%	10.6%
1989	3.08%	10.7%
1990	2.98%	10.8%
1991	2.89%	10.9%
1992	2.8%	10.9%
1993	2.7%	10.8%
1994	2.61%	10.7%
1995	2.52%	10.4%
1996	2.44%	10.1%
1997	2.35%	9.73%
1998	2.27%	9.26%
1999	2.19%	8.76%
2000	2.12%	8.21%
2001	2.06%	7.66%
2002	2%	7.1%
2003	1.97%	6.57%
2004	1.94%	6.05%
2005	1.93%	5.56%
2006	1.93%	5.11%
2007	1.93%	4.68%
2008	1.93%	4.3%
2009	2.54%	3.95%
2010	1.93%	3.63%
2011	1.92%	3.33%
2012	1.91%	3.04%
2013	1.89%	2.77%
2014	1.87%	2.54%
2015	1.85%	2.31%
2016	1.83%	2.11%
2017	1.81%	1.95%
2018	1.78%	1.81%
2019	2.02%	1.7%
2020	1.7%	1.6%
2021	1.66%	1.53%
2022	1.62%	1.46%
2023	1.57%	1.39%