Fertility & birth rates in Sao Tome and Principe and Vietnam

Fertility rate in Sao Tome and Principe vs Vietnam chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Sao Tome and Principe was 3.64 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.91 in Vietnam in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Sao Tome and Principe vs Vietnam population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Sao Tome	Vietnam
1960	6.24	6.27
1961	6.26	5.48
1962	6.28	6.26
1963	6.31	6.39
1964	6.33	6.29
1965	6.35	6.16
1966	6.37	5.97
1967	6.39	5.88
1968	6.42	6.03
1969	6.44	6.01
1970	6.47	6.02
1971	6.49	6.07
1972	6.51	6.1
1973	6.53	6.11
1974	6.53	5.78
1975	6.53	5.62
1976	6.52	5.46
1977	6.5	5.29
1978	6.47	5.1
1979	6.43	4.94
1980	6.39	4.8
1981	6.33	4.67
1982	6.28	4.59
1983	6.22	4.52
1984	6.16	4.41
1985	6.1	4.21
1986	6.05	3.96
1987	5.99	3.72
1988	5.94	3.62
1989	5.88	3.64
1990	5.83	3.6
1991	5.77	3.52
1992	5.7	3.35
1993	5.64	3.17
1994	5.56	2.94
1995	5.55	2.7
1996	5.47	2.47
1997	5.4	2.27
1998	5.3	2.1
1999	5.23	2
2000	5.16	2.03
2001	5.1	2.02
2002	5.06	2.01
2003	5.01	2
2004	4.96	1.97
2005	4.94	1.89
2006	4.93	1.87
2007	4.96	1.91
2008	4.91	1.93
2009	4.84	1.92
2010	4.77	1.91
2011	4.72	1.93
2012	4.66	1.97
2013	4.58	1.98
2014	4.49	2.09
2015	4.35	2.1
2016	4.2	2
2017	4.07	1.99
2018	3.98	1.88
2019	3.9	1.94
2020	3.83	1.96
2021	3.76	1.94
2022	3.7	1.93
2023	3.64	1.91
2024	3.6	1.9
2025	3.53	1.88
2026	3.47	1.86
2027	3.42	1.85
2028	3.36	1.84
2029	3.32	1.83
2030	3.26	1.82
2031	3.21	1.81
2032	3.17	1.8
2033	3.13	1.79
2034	3.09	1.79
2035	3.04	1.78
2036	3.01	1.78
2037	2.97	1.78
2038	2.94	1.77
2039	2.9	1.77
2040	2.87	1.77
2041	2.83	1.77
2042	2.8	1.77
2043	2.78	1.76
2044	2.75	1.76
2045	2.73	1.76
2046	2.7	1.76
2047	2.67	1.75
2048	2.64	1.75
2049	2.62	1.75
2050	2.59	1.75

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Sao Tome	Vietnam
1960	32.9%	41.1%
1961	34.3%	41.8%
1962	36.6%	42.4%
1963	38.5%	43.1%
1964	40.2%	43.4%
1965	41.6%	43.5%
1966	42.9%	43.6%
1967	44%	43.5%
1968	44.9%	43.4%
1969	45.8%	43.2%
1970	46.2%	42.9%
1971	46.1%	42.7%
1972	45.9%	42.4%
1973	45.7%	42.1%
1974	45.6%	41.8%
1975	45.5%	41.4%
1976	45.4%	41.2%
1977	45.3%	41%
1978	45.2%	40.6%
1979	45.1%	40.4%
1980	44.9%	40.3%
1981	44.7%	40.2%
1982	44.5%	40.2%
1983	44.5%	40.2%
1984	44.4%	40.1%
1985	44.5%	40.1%
1986	44.7%	39.9%
1987	44.9%	39.6%
1988	45%	39.2%
1989	45%	38.8%
1990	45.1%	38.5%
1991	45.1%	38.1%
1992	45.2%	37.7%
1993	45.2%	37.2%
1994	45.1%	36.7%
1995	44.9%	36.1%
1996	44.7%	35.4%
1997	44.3%	34.5%
1998	43.9%	33.5%
1999	43.4%	32.5%
2000	42.8%	31.5%
2001	42.5%	30.6%
2002	42.3%	29.9%
2003	42.2%	29.2%
2004	42.1%	28.5%
2005	42%	27.7%
2006	42%	26.9%
2007	42%	26.2%
2008	42.1%	25.6%
2009	42.1%	25.1%
2010	42.1%	24.6%
2011	42%	24.2%
2012	42%	24%
2013	42%	23.9%
2014	42%	24%
2015	41.9%	24%
2016	41.7%	24.1%
2017	41.4%	24.4%
2018	40.9%	24.6%
2019	40.5%	24.5%
2020	39.9%	24.4%
2021	39.4%	24.2%
2022	38.8%	23.9%
2023	38.3%	23.6%
2024	37.8%	23.2%
2025	37.5%	22.9%
2026	37.2%	22.4%
2027	36.8%	21.8%
2028	36.4%	21.1%
2029	36%	20.5%
2030	35.6%	19.9%
2031	35.4%	19.5%
2032	35.2%	19.1%
2033	35%	18.8%
2034	34.8%	18.5%
2035	34.7%	18.3%
2036	34.5%	18.1%
2037	34.2%	17.9%
2038	34%	17.8%
2039	33.8%	17.7%
2040	33.5%	17.6%
2041	33.2%	17.5%
2042	32.9%	17.5%
2043	32.6%	17.5%
2044	32.3%	17.4%
2045	32%	17.4%
2046	31.6%	17.3%
2047	31.3%	17.3%
2048	31%	17.2%
2049	30.6%	17.1%
2050	30.2%	17%

Children aged 0-14 make up 37.8% of the population in Sao Tome and Principe and 23.2% in Vietnam in 2024, compared to 45.1% and 38.5% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Sao Tome and Principe and Vietnam compared.

Natural population change in Sao Tome and Principe vs Vietnam by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe and +0.97% in Vietnam. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Sao Tome	Vietnam
1960	1,547	955,268
1961	1,657	798,978
1962	1,625	960,046
1963	1,609	961,067
1964	1,600	950,219
1965	1,611	913,761
1966	1,642	876,283
1967	1,693	862,071
1968	1,767	815,116
1969	1,862	878,359
1970	1,980	905,902
1971	2,127	963,259
1972	2,232	921,524
1973	2,329	1,061,707
1974	2,422	1,000,505
1975	2,515	1,175,181
1976	2,608	1,232,608
1977	2,705	1,259,315
1978	2,800	1,286,991
1979	2,893	1,314,563
1980	2,965	1,321,595
1981	3,015	1,358,500
1982	3,047	1,407,959
1983	3,100	1,453,913
1984	3,163	1,477,448
1985	3,242	1,453,954
1986	3,180	1,407,957
1987	3,440	1,359,481
1988	3,544	1,370,108
1989	3,576	1,423,622
1990	3,719	1,449,157
1991	3,801	1,459,311
1992	3,822	1,419,952
1993	3,841	1,370,365
1994	3,860	1,291,534
1995	3,948	1,203,666
1996	3,993	1,108,686
1997	4,041	1,028,116
1998	4,120	959,016
1999	4,221	925,519
2000	4,334	966,894
2001	4,471	985,610
2002	4,591	991,427
2003	4,702	1,001,470
2004	4,810	985,438
2005	4,897	942,084
2006	5,057	943,041
2007	5,226	981,689
2008	5,297	1,008,141
2009	5,349	1,007,778
2010	5,391	1,005,559
2011	5,445	1,029,859
2012	5,501	1,063,741
2013	5,449	1,071,570
2014	5,381	1,151,221
2015	5,269	1,145,903
2016	5,125	1,045,094
2017	5,007	1,001,833
2018	4,957	882,977
2019	4,932	895,262
2020	4,874	924,004
2021	4,954	799,593
2022	5,102	775,914
2023	5,221	727,955

Maternal mortality chart: Sao Tome and Principe vs Vietnam

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 75 deaths per 100,000 live births in Sao Tome and Principe, compared to 48 deaths in Vietnam.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Sao Tome	Vietnam
1985	159	186
1986	175	174
1987	161	163
1988	157	155
1989	167	152
1990	164	147
1991	166	142
1992	164	139
1993	166	135
1994	168	130
1995	172	119
1996	171	111
1997	173	104
1998	175	93
1999	179	86
2000	180	83
2001	178	78
2002	179	74
2003	178	71
2004	177	72
2005	181	69
2006	177	67
2007	174	66
2008	174	65
2009	172	64
2010	170	62
2011	164	61
2012	158	60
2013	150	60
2014	138	59
2015	128	58
2016	119	56
2017	110	55
2018	100	53
2019	95	52
2020	92	51
2021	98	52
2022	82	49
2023	75	48

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe and 2% in Vietnam. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Sao Tome	Vietnam
1964	-	8.73%
1965	9.56%	9.93%
1966	9.29%	9.97%
1967	9.04%	10%
1968	8.85%	11.6%
1969	8.71%	10.8%
1970	8.64%	10.7%
1971	8.63%	10.5%
1972	8.67%	11.9%
1973	8.73%	10.4%
1974	8.79%	10.7%
1975	8.85%	7.75%
1976	8.89%	7.6%
1977	8.93%	7.44%
1978	8.96%	7.27%
1979	9.02%	7.1%
1980	9.1%	6.94%
1981	9.21%	6.79%
1982	9.37%	6.64%
1983	9.56%	6.5%
1984	9.77%	6.36%
1985	9.99%	6.21%
1986	11.4%	6.04%
1987	10.4%	5.85%
1988	10.6%	5.64%
1989	10.7%	5.4%
1990	10.8%	5.15%
1991	10.9%	4.9%
1992	10.9%	4.64%
1993	10.8%	4.39%
1994	10.7%	4.14%
1995	10.4%	3.9%
1996	10.1%	3.68%
1997	9.73%	3.48%
1998	9.26%	3.29%
1999	8.76%	3.13%
2000	8.21%	2.98%
2001	7.66%	2.86%
2002	7.1%	2.74%
2003	6.57%	2.65%
2004	6.05%	2.57%
2005	5.56%	2.5%
2006	5.11%	2.45%
2007	4.68%	2.4%
2008	4.3%	2.36%
2009	3.95%	2.33%
2010	3.63%	2.31%
2011	3.33%	2.28%
2012	3.04%	2.26%
2013	2.77%	2.24%
2014	2.54%	2.22%
2015	2.31%	2.2%
2016	2.11%	2.18%
2017	1.95%	2.15%
2018	1.81%	2.14%
2019	1.7%	2.12%
2020	1.6%	2.1%
2021	1.53%	2.07%
2022	1.46%	2.04%
2023	1.39%	2%