Fertility & birth rates in Botswana and Sao Tome and Principe

Fertility rate in Botswana vs Sao Tome and Principe chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Botswana was 2.73 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.64 in Sao Tome and Principe in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Botswana vs Sao Tome and Principe population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Botswana	Sao Tome
1960	6.6	6.24
1961	6.56	6.26
1962	6.54	6.28
1963	6.58	6.31
1964	6.61	6.33
1965	6.6	6.35
1966	6.61	6.37
1967	6.6	6.39
1968	6.58	6.42
1969	6.56	6.44
1970	6.55	6.47
1971	6.54	6.49
1972	6.56	6.51
1973	6.59	6.53
1974	6.61	6.53
1975	6.61	6.53
1976	6.6	6.52
1977	6.54	6.5
1978	6.48	6.47
1979	6.4	6.43
1980	6.29	6.39
1981	6.16	6.33
1982	5.97	6.28
1983	5.79	6.22
1984	5.63	6.16
1985	5.48	6.1
1986	5.33	6.05
1987	5.1	5.99
1988	4.88	5.94
1989	4.67	5.88
1990	4.51	5.83
1991	4.37	5.77
1992	4.26	5.7
1993	4.15	5.64
1994	4.02	5.56
1995	3.79	5.55
1996	3.57	5.47
1997	3.43	5.4
1998	3.36	5.3
1999	3.31	5.23
2000	3.29	5.16
2001	3.25	5.1
2002	3.18	5.06
2003	3.11	5.01
2004	3.06	4.96
2005	3.08	4.94
2006	3.11	4.93
2007	3.13	4.96
2008	3.13	4.91
2009	3.13	4.84
2010	3.14	4.77
2011	3.1	4.72
2012	3.07	4.66
2013	3.05	4.58
2014	3.03	4.49
2015	3.01	4.35
2016	2.99	4.2
2017	2.97	4.07
2018	2.94	3.98
2019	2.91	3.9
2020	2.86	3.83
2021	2.83	3.76
2022	2.79	3.7
2023	2.73	3.64
2024	2.7	3.6
2025	2.66	3.53
2026	2.63	3.47
2027	2.59	3.42
2028	2.56	3.36
2029	2.52	3.32
2030	2.49	3.26
2031	2.46	3.21
2032	2.44	3.17
2033	2.41	3.13
2034	2.38	3.09
2035	2.35	3.04
2036	2.32	3.01
2037	2.3	2.97
2038	2.28	2.94
2039	2.26	2.9
2040	2.23	2.87
2041	2.21	2.83
2042	2.2	2.8
2043	2.18	2.78
2044	2.17	2.75
2045	2.15	2.73
2046	2.14	2.7
2047	2.12	2.67
2048	2.11	2.64
2049	2.09	2.62
2050	2.08	2.59

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Botswana	Sao Tome
1960	45.1%	32.9%
1961	45.6%	34.3%
1962	46.2%	36.6%
1963	46.8%	38.5%
1964	47.2%	40.2%
1965	47.5%	41.6%
1966	47.9%	42.9%
1967	48.2%	44%
1968	48.6%	44.9%
1969	48.9%	45.8%
1970	49.2%	46.2%
1971	49.3%	46.1%
1972	49.1%	45.9%
1973	48.6%	45.7%
1974	48.2%	45.6%
1975	47.7%	45.5%
1976	47.3%	45.4%
1977	47%	45.3%
1978	46.5%	45.2%
1979	46%	45.1%
1980	46.1%	44.9%
1981	46.2%	44.7%
1982	46.2%	44.5%
1983	46.2%	44.5%
1984	46.2%	44.4%
1985	46.2%	44.5%
1986	46.1%	44.7%
1987	46%	44.9%
1988	45.8%	45%
1989	45.5%	45%
1990	45.1%	45.1%
1991	44.7%	45.1%
1992	44.2%	45.2%
1993	43.7%	45.2%
1994	43%	45.1%
1995	42.2%	44.9%
1996	41.4%	44.7%
1997	40.6%	44.3%
1998	39.8%	43.9%
1999	39.1%	43.4%
2000	38.4%	42.8%
2001	37.7%	42.5%
2002	37.1%	42.3%
2003	36.5%	42.2%
2004	35.9%	42.1%
2005	35.5%	42%
2006	35.1%	42%
2007	34.8%	42%
2008	34.5%	42.1%
2009	34.2%	42.1%
2010	34.1%	42.1%
2011	34%	42%
2012	34.2%	42%
2013	34.4%	42%
2014	34.4%	42%
2015	34.4%	41.9%
2016	34.2%	41.7%
2017	33.9%	41.4%
2018	33.6%	40.9%
2019	33.3%	40.5%
2020	32.9%	39.9%
2021	32.6%	39.4%
2022	32.4%	38.8%
2023	32.3%	38.3%
2024	32.1%	37.8%
2025	32%	37.5%
2026	31.8%	37.2%
2027	31.6%	36.8%
2028	31.4%	36.4%
2029	31.2%	36%
2030	30.9%	35.6%
2031	30.6%	35.4%
2032	30.3%	35.2%
2033	30%	35%
2034	29.6%	34.8%
2035	29.2%	34.7%
2036	28.7%	34.5%
2037	28.1%	34.2%
2038	27.6%	34%
2039	27.2%	33.8%
2040	26.7%	33.5%
2041	26.3%	33.2%
2042	25.9%	32.9%
2043	25.5%	32.6%
2044	25.2%	32.3%
2045	24.8%	32%
2046	24.5%	31.6%
2047	24.2%	31.3%
2048	24%	31%
2049	23.7%	30.6%
2050	23.5%	30.2%

Children aged 0-14 make up 32.1% of the population in Botswana and 37.8% in Sao Tome and Principe in 2024, compared to 45.1% and 45.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Botswana and Sao Tome and Principe compared.

Natural population change in Botswana vs Sao Tome and Principe by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.88% in Botswana and +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Botswana	Sao Tome
1960	15,861	1,547
1961	16,185	1,657
1962	16,507	1,625
1963	17,084	1,609
1964	17,634	1,600
1965	18,045	1,611
1966	18,250	1,642
1967	18,463	1,693
1968	18,725	1,767
1969	19,024	1,862
1970	19,438	1,980
1971	19,926	2,127
1972	21,004	2,232
1973	22,449	2,329
1974	24,160	2,422
1975	25,762	2,515
1976	27,497	2,608
1977	29,009	2,705
1978	30,596	2,800
1979	32,486	2,893
1980	33,934	2,965
1981	34,327	3,015
1982	34,859	3,047
1983	35,142	3,100
1984	35,530	3,163
1985	35,966	3,242
1986	36,203	3,180
1987	35,647	3,440
1988	34,564	3,544
1989	33,756	3,576
1990	33,015	3,719
1991	32,219	3,801
1992	31,995	3,822
1993	31,691	3,841
1994	30,664	3,860
1995	28,478	3,948
1996	26,847	3,993
1997	25,738	4,041
1998	25,397	4,120
1999	25,358	4,221
2000	25,850	4,334
2001	26,112	4,471
2002	26,163	4,591
2003	26,545	4,702
2004	27,481	4,810
2005	29,385	4,897
2006	31,340	5,057
2007	33,832	5,226
2008	35,433	5,297
2009	36,671	5,349
2010	38,101	5,391
2011	38,613	5,445
2012	39,202	5,501
2013	39,404	5,449
2014	40,046	5,381
2015	40,897	5,269
2016	41,993	5,125
2017	43,154	5,007
2018	44,171	4,957
2019	45,110	4,932
2020	45,610	4,874
2021	40,894	4,954
2022	47,400	5,102
2023	47,098	5,221

Maternal mortality chart: Botswana vs Sao Tome and Principe

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 155 deaths per 100,000 live births in Botswana, compared to 75 deaths in Sao Tome and Principe.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Botswana	Sao Tome
1985	313	159
1986	304	175
1987	302	161
1988	319	157
1989	300	167
1990	296	164
1991	283	166
1992	263	164
1993	230	166
1994	182	168
1995	148	172
1996	130	171
1997	123	173
1998	126	175
1999	131	179
2000	136	180
2001	138	178
2002	140	179
2003	142	178
2004	151	177
2005	166	181
2006	204	177
2007	201	174
2008	199	174
2009	213	172
2010	228	170
2011	269	164
2012	288	158
2013	221	150
2014	212	138
2015	141	128
2016	72	119
2017	46	110
2018	99	100
2019	100	95
2020	98	92
2021	165	98
2022	120	82
2023	155	75

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 3.96% in Botswana and 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Botswana	Sao Tome
1960	16.8%	-
1961	16.3%	-
1962	15.8%	-
1963	15.3%	-
1964	14.9%	-
1965	14.5%	9.56%
1966	14%	9.29%
1967	13.6%	9.04%
1968	13.2%	8.85%
1969	12.8%	8.71%
1970	12.4%	8.64%
1971	11.9%	8.63%
1972	11.4%	8.67%
1973	10.9%	8.73%
1974	10.4%	8.79%
1975	9.88%	8.85%
1976	9.32%	8.89%
1977	8.77%	8.93%
1978	8.23%	8.96%
1979	7.74%	9.02%
1980	7.29%	9.1%
1981	6.86%	9.21%
1982	6.47%	9.37%
1983	6.12%	9.56%
1984	5.8%	9.77%
1985	5.5%	9.99%
1986	5.22%	11.4%
1987	5%	10.4%
1988	4.88%	10.6%
1989	4.87%	10.7%
1990	5.01%	10.8%
1991	5.29%	10.9%
1992	5.7%	10.9%
1993	6.2%	10.8%
1994	6.72%	10.7%
1995	6.74%	10.4%
1996	7.1%	10.1%
1997	7.37%	9.73%
1998	7.57%	9.26%
1999	7.91%	8.76%
2000	8.11%	8.21%
2001	8.12%	7.66%
2002	8%	7.1%
2003	7.85%	6.57%
2004	7.63%	6.05%
2005	7.03%	5.56%
2006	6.43%	5.11%
2007	6.16%	4.68%
2008	6.03%	4.3%
2009	5.78%	3.95%
2010	5.58%	3.63%
2011	5.68%	3.33%
2012	5.34%	3.04%
2013	5.1%	2.77%
2014	5.11%	2.54%
2015	4.98%	2.31%
2016	4.9%	2.11%
2017	4.65%	1.95%
2018	4.59%	1.81%
2019	4.5%	1.7%
2020	4.39%	1.6%
2021	4.2%	1.53%
2022	4.07%	1.46%
2023	3.96%	1.39%