Fertility & birth rates in Costa Rica and Sao Tome and Principe

Fertility rate in Costa Rica vs Sao Tome and Principe by year

Chart Table

Costa Rica

Sao Tome and Principe

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Costa Rica	Sao Tome
2023	1.33	3.64
2022	1.34	3.7
2021	1.35	3.76
2020	1.45	3.83
2019	1.6	3.9
2018	1.71	3.98
2017	1.71	4.07
2016	1.75	4.2
2015	1.8	4.35
2014	1.8	4.49
2013	1.78	4.58
2012	1.85	4.66
2011	1.88	4.72
2010	1.83	4.77
2009	1.95	4.84
2008	1.98	4.91
2007	1.95	4.96
2006	1.94	4.93
2005	2.04	4.94
2004	2.03	4.96
2003	2.08	5.01
2002	2.16	5.06
2001	2.31	5.1
2000	2.41	5.16
1999	2.48	5.23
1998	2.53	5.3
1997	2.59	5.4
1996	2.68	5.47
1995	2.78	5.55
1994	2.86	5.56
1993	2.93	5.64
1992	3	5.7
1991	3.08	5.77
1990	3.17	5.83
1989	3.24	5.88
1988	3.31	5.94
1987	3.38	5.99
1986	3.45	6.05
1985	3.51	6.1
1984	3.52	6.16
1983	3.53	6.22
1982	3.54	6.28
1981	3.56	6.33
1980	3.58	6.39
1979	3.65	6.43
1978	3.66	6.47
1977	3.7	6.5
1976	3.75	6.52
1975	3.8	6.53
1974	3.89	6.53
1973	3.99	6.53
1972	4.16	6.51
1971	4.36	6.49
1970	4.59	6.47
1969	4.84	6.44
1968	5.03	6.42
1967	5.42	6.39
1966	5.7	6.37
1965	5.96	6.35
1964	6.19	6.33
1963	6.39	6.31
1962	6.54	6.28
1961	6.65	6.26
1960	6.71	6.24

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Costa Rica was 1.33 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.64 in Sao Tome and Principe in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Costa Rica vs Sao Tome and Principe population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Costa Rica

Sao Tome and Principe

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Costa Rica	Sao Tome
2023	24,109	5,221
2022	21,409	5,102
2021	20,119	4,954
2020	29,164	4,874
2019	37,682	4,932
2018	42,469	4,957
2017	43,471	5,007
2016	45,565	5,125
2015	49,077	5,269
2014	49,559	5,381
2013	49,227	5,449
2012	52,036	5,501
2011	52,884	5,445
2010	50,803	5,391
2009	55,757	5,349
2008	56,491	5,297
2007	55,244	5,226
2006	54,177	5,057
2005	57,139	4,897
2004	55,769	4,810
2003	56,743	4,702
2002	58,388	4,591
2001	62,199	4,471
2000	64,268	4,334
1999	64,922	4,221
1998	64,788	4,120
1997	64,954	4,041
1996	66,094	3,993
1995	67,585	3,948
1994	68,336	3,860
1993	69,016	3,841
1992	69,830	3,822
1991	70,506	3,801
1990	71,727	3,719
1989	72,327	3,576
1988	72,944	3,544
1987	73,188	3,440
1986	73,211	3,180
1985	72,776	3,242
1984	71,062	3,163
1983	68,972	3,100
1982	66,826	3,047
1981	64,632	3,015
1980	62,561	2,965
1979	60,984	2,893
1978	58,327	2,800
1977	56,122	2,705
1976	54,019	2,608
1975	51,979	2,515
1974	50,349	2,422
1973	48,943	2,329
1972	48,417	2,232
1971	48,341	2,127
1970	48,398	1,980
1969	48,790	1,862
1968	48,361	1,767
1967	50,193	1,693
1966	50,755	1,642
1965	51,196	1,611
1964	51,435	1,600
1963	51,403	1,609
1962	51,046	1,625
1961	50,149	1,657
1960	48,857	1,547

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +0.47% in Costa Rica and +2.26% in Sao Tome and Principe.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +0.74% in Costa Rica and +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe.

Birth rate in Costa Rica vs Sao Tome and Principe by year

Chart Table

Costa Rica

Sao Tome and Principe

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Costa Rica	Sao Tome
2023	10.2	28.2
2022	10.3	28.3
2021	10.5	28.5
2020	11.4	28.6
2019	12.7	29.2
2018	13.6	29.8
2017	13.8	30.6
2016	14.2	31.7
2015	14.7	33
2014	14.8	34.3
2013	14.8	35.4
2012	15.5	36.4
2011	15.8	36.8
2010	15.4	37.3
2009	16.5	37.9
2008	16.8	38.5
2007	16.6	38.9
2006	16.4	38.9
2005	17.3	39
2004	17.1	39.2
2003	17.6	39.6
2002	18.2	39.8
2001	19.4	40
2000	20.2	39.7
1999	20.7	39.4
1998	21	39.2
1997	21.5	39.2
1996	22.2	39.3
1995	23	39.5
1994	23.6	39.4
1993	24.3	39.8
1992	25	40.2
1991	25.7	40.7
1990	26.7	40.7
1989	27.5	40.9
1988	28.3	40.9
1987	29.1	41
1986	29.8	41
1985	30.4	41
1984	30.5	41.1
1983	30.5	41.2
1982	30.5	41.3
1981	30.4	41.5
1980	30.4	41.6
1979	30.5	41.6
1978	30.2	41.4
1977	30	41.3
1976	29.9	41.1
1975	29.8	40.9
1974	29.9	40.6
1973	30.1	40.3
1972	30.7	39.9
1971	31.6	39.5
1970	32.6	38.8
1969	33.8	38.2
1968	34.6	37.8
1967	36.8	37.7
1966	38.3	38
1965	39.9	38.6
1964	41.4	39.7
1963	42.7	41.1
1962	43.9	42.7
1961	44.8	44.6
1960	45.5	44.6

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 10.2 in Costa Rica and 28.2 in Sao Tome and Principe, compared with 45.5 and 44.6, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Costa Rica

Factual

UN forecast

Sao Tome and Principe

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Costa Rica	Sao Tome
2100	10.3%	19.5%
2099	10.3%	19.6%
2098	10.3%	19.8%
2097	10.3%	19.9%
2096	10.3%	20%
2095	10.4%	20.2%
2094	10.4%	20.3%
2093	10.4%	20.4%
2092	10.4%	20.6%
2091	10.4%	20.7%
2090	10.5%	20.9%
2089	10.5%	21.1%
2088	10.5%	21.2%
2087	10.5%	21.4%
2086	10.5%	21.6%
2085	10.5%	21.8%
2084	10.5%	22%
2083	10.6%	22.2%
2082	10.6%	22.4%
2081	10.5%	22.6%
2080	10.5%	22.9%
2079	10.5%	23.1%
2078	10.5%	23.3%
2077	10.5%	23.5%
2076	10.5%	23.7%
2075	10.5%	24%
2074	10.5%	24.2%
2073	10.5%	24.4%
2072	10.5%	24.6%
2071	10.5%	24.8%
2070	10.5%	25%
2069	10.6%	25.2%
2068	10.6%	25.4%
2067	10.7%	25.6%
2066	10.8%	25.9%
2065	10.8%	26.1%
2064	10.9%	26.3%
2063	11%	26.5%
2062	11.2%	26.8%
2061	11.3%	27%
2060	11.4%	27.3%
2059	11.5%	27.5%
2058	11.7%	27.8%
2057	11.8%	28.1%
2056	11.9%	28.4%
2055	12.1%	28.7%
2054	12.2%	29%
2053	12.3%	29.4%
2052	12.4%	29.7%
2051	12.6%	30.1%
2050	12.7%	30.4%
2049	12.8%	30.8%
2048	12.9%	31.1%
2047	13%	31.5%
2046	13%	31.8%
2045	13.1%	32.1%
2044	13.2%	32.5%
2043	13.3%	32.8%
2042	13.4%	33.1%
2041	13.5%	33.4%
2040	13.5%	33.6%
2039	13.6%	33.9%
2038	13.7%	34.1%
2037	13.9%	34.4%
2036	14%	34.6%
2035	14.2%	34.7%
2034	14.5%	34.9%
2033	14.9%	35.1%
2032	15.3%	35.3%
2031	15.7%	35.5%
2030	16.2%	35.8%
2029	16.7%	36.1%
2028	17.1%	36.6%
2027	17.6%	37%
2026	18.1%	37.3%
2025	18.5%	37.6%
2024	18.8%	37.8%
2023	19.3%	38.3%
2022	19.8%	38.8%
2021	20.3%	39.4%
2020	20.7%	39.9%
2019	21.1%	40.5%
2018	21.4%	40.9%
2017	21.8%	41.4%
2016	22.1%	41.7%
2015	22.5%	41.9%
2014	23%	42%
2013	23.4%	42%
2012	23.9%	42%
2011	24.3%	42%
2010	24.9%	42.1%
2009	25.4%	42.1%
2008	25.9%	42.1%
2007	26.5%	42%
2006	27.1%	42%
2005	27.7%	42%
2004	28.4%	42.1%
2003	29.1%	42.2%
2002	29.8%	42.3%
2001	30.5%	42.5%
2000	31.1%	42.8%
1999	31.8%	43.4%
1998	32.4%	43.9%
1997	33%	44.3%
1996	33.6%	44.7%
1995	34.1%	44.9%
1994	34.6%	45.1%
1993	35%	45.2%
1992	35.4%	45.2%
1991	35.7%	45.1%
1990	36%	45.1%
1989	36.1%	45%
1988	36.2%	45%
1987	36.2%	44.9%
1986	36.3%	44.7%
1985	36.3%	44.5%
1984	36.4%	44.4%
1983	36.5%	44.5%
1982	36.7%	44.5%
1981	37.1%	44.7%
1980	37.5%	44.9%
1979	38%	45.1%
1978	38.6%	45.2%
1977	39.2%	45.3%
1976	40%	45.4%
1975	40.8%	45.5%
1974	41.5%	45.6%
1973	42.3%	45.7%
1972	43.1%	45.9%
1971	43.8%	46.1%
1970	44.4%	46.2%
1969	45%	45.8%
1968	45.5%	44.9%
1967	45.9%	44%
1966	46.3%	42.9%
1965	46.5%	41.6%
1964	46.6%	40.2%
1963	46.7%	38.5%
1962	46.7%	36.6%
1961	46.6%	34.3%
1960	46.4%	32.9%

Children aged 0-14 make up 18.8% of the population in Costa Rica and 37.8% in Sao Tome and Principe in 2024, compared to 36% and 45.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Costa Rica and Sao Tome and Principe compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Costa Rica vs Sao Tome and Principe

Chart Table

Costa Rica

Sao Tome and Principe

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Costa Rica	Sao Tome
2023	24	75
2022	27	82
2021	44	98
2020	34	92
2019	26	95
2018	28	100
2017	27	110
2016	27	119
2015	26	128
2014	27	138
2013	27	150
2012	27	158
2011	28	164
2010	29	170
2009	29	172
2008	30	174
2007	30	174
2006	30	177
2005	31	181
2004	33	177
2003	33	178
2002	34	179
2001	35	178
2000	36	180
1999	36	179
1998	37	175
1997	38	173
1996	39	171
1995	39	172
1994	39	168
1993	39	166
1992	39	164
1991	39	166
1990	40	164
1989	40	167
1988	40	157
1987	41	161
1986	42	175
1985	43	159

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 24 deaths per 100,000 live births in Costa Rica, compared to 75 deaths in Sao Tome and Principe.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Costa Rica

Sao Tome and Principe

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Costa Rica	Sao Tome
2023	1.05%	1.39%
2022	1.01%	1.46%
2021	0.97%	1.53%
2020	0.94%	1.6%
2019	0.91%	1.7%
2018	0.89%	1.81%
2017	0.89%	1.95%
2016	0.89%	2.11%
2015	0.9%	2.31%
2014	0.92%	2.54%
2013	0.95%	2.77%
2012	0.98%	3.04%
2011	1.02%	3.33%
2010	1.05%	3.63%
2009	1.07%	3.95%
2008	1.09%	4.3%
2007	1.11%	4.68%
2006	1.12%	5.11%
2005	1.13%	5.56%
2004	1.15%	6.05%
2003	1.18%	6.57%
2002	1.22%	7.1%
2001	1.26%	7.66%
2000	1.31%	8.21%
1999	1.36%	8.76%
1998	1.41%	9.26%
1997	1.45%	9.73%
1996	1.47%	10.1%
1995	1.49%	10.4%
1994	1.51%	10.7%
1993	1.53%	10.8%
1992	1.57%	10.9%
1991	1.62%	10.9%
1990	1.69%	10.8%
1989	1.78%	10.7%
1988	1.89%	10.6%
1987	2.01%	10.4%
1986	2.12%	11.4%
1985	2.2%	9.99%
1984	2.25%	9.77%
1983	2.27%	9.56%
1982	2.29%	9.37%
1981	2.33%	9.21%
1980	2.45%	9.1%
1979	2.65%	9.02%
1978	2.96%	8.96%
1977	3.39%	8.93%
1976	3.93%	8.89%
1975	4.54%	8.85%
1974	5.17%	8.79%
1973	5.82%	8.73%
1972	6.45%	8.67%
1971	7.02%	8.63%
1970	7.48%	8.64%
1969	7.85%	8.71%
1968	8.17%	8.85%
1967	8.49%	9.04%
1966	8.78%	9.29%
1965	9.02%	9.56%
1964	9.18%	-
1963	9.25%	-
1962	9.27%	-
1961	9.36%	-
1960	9.62%	-

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.05% in Costa Rica and 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.