Panama birth & fertility rate decline on charts

Panama has a birth rate of 16 (annual births per 1,000 people) and a fertility rate of 2.12 (the average number of children a woman is expected to have over her lifetime based on current age-specific birth rates).

In 1960, the fertility rate in Panama was 5.83 children per woman — 2.75 times higher than in 2023.

Panama birth rate statistics:

Panama is ranked 95/196 by birth rate now and was ranked 117/194 in 1960.
The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 27.5, a change from 26.8 in 1990.
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) changed from 131.4 in 1960 to 57.3 in 2023.
25.2% of the population in 2024 is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), a change from 22% in 1960.

Fertility rate in Panama by year

1x

Year	Fertility rate	Rank
2023	2.12	92
2022	2.14	92
2021	2.15	94
2020	2.18	93
2019	2.29	91
2018	2.4	86
2017	2.46	84
2016	2.5	86
2015	2.53	86
2014	2.55	85
2013	2.57	85
2012	2.59	85
2011	2.6	85
2010	2.59	88
2009	2.59	89
2008	2.61	91
2007	2.61	90
2006	2.62	90
2005	2.64	91
2004	2.68	91
2003	2.68	94
2002	2.7	96
2001	2.72	97
2000	2.74	99
1999	2.77	102
1998	2.79	102
1997	2.81	104
1996	2.83	106
1995	2.85	109
1994	2.88	114
1993	2.91	117
1992	2.95	119
1991	3	118
1990	3.07	116
1989	3.12	115
1988	3.17	115
1987	3.25	115
1986	3.34	116
1985	3.43	116
1984	3.52	115
1983	3.6	114
1982	3.66	115
1981	3.72	114
1980	3.8	114
1979	3.88	114
1978	3.98	114
1977	4.12	113
1976	4.26	115
1975	4.41	116
1974	4.58	117
1973	4.74	116
1972	4.91	117
1971	5.05	117
1970	5.18	117
1969	5.29	117
1968	5.41	116
1967	5.53	116
1966	5.65	118
1965	5.73	118
1964	5.81	118
1963	5.87	119
1962	5.87	119
1961	5.87	116
1960	5.83	118

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/panama | CC BY

According to the latest birth rate data available, the fertility rate in Panama is 2.12, which is at the replacement level of 2.1 children per woman. In 1993, the fertility rate was 2.91 — a 27.2% decline in 30 years.

Check population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart above shows the historical changes in fertility rate and ranking compared to other countries, where a lower rank number indicates a higher relative fertility rate.

Births, deaths, and natural population change by year

1x

Year	People
Year	Natural change	Births	Deaths
2023	50,197	71,469	21,272
2022	50,556	71,464	20,908
2021	46,747	71,268	24,521
2020	46,599	71,774	25,175
2019	54,420	74,403	19,983
2018	57,508	77,188	19,680
2017	58,607	78,207	19,600
2016	59,454	78,547	19,093
2015	59,896	78,563	18,667
2014	60,227	78,414	18,187
2013	60,295	78,113	17,818
2012	60,471	77,936	17,465
2011	60,411	77,489	17,078
2010	59,418	76,141	16,723
2009	59,168	75,482	16,314
2008	58,961	75,004	16,043
2007	58,454	74,218	15,764
2006	58,067	73,521	15,454
2005	58,014	73,217	15,203
2004	58,281	73,307	15,026
2003	57,458	72,249	14,791
2002	57,011	71,715	14,704
2001	56,654	71,274	14,620
2000	56,236	70,773	14,537
1999	55,911	70,327	14,416
1998	55,482	69,789	14,307
1997	55,060	69,152	14,092
1996	54,512	68,518	14,006
1995	54,069	67,841	13,772
1994	53,845	67,232	13,387
1993	53,591	66,692	13,101
1992	53,186	66,210	13,024
1991	53,079	65,836	12,757
1990	53,451	65,895	12,444
1989	52,295	65,357	13,062
1988	52,767	64,750	11,983
1987	52,690	64,434	11,744
1986	52,681	64,196	11,515
1985	52,573	63,846	11,273
1984	52,436	63,480	11,044
1983	51,880	62,793	10,913
1982	50,858	61,605	10,747
1981	50,018	60,497	10,479
1980	49,077	59,475	10,398
1979	48,362	58,707	10,345
1978	47,694	58,025	10,331
1977	47,438	57,793	10,355
1976	47,307	57,721	10,414
1975	47,149	57,681	10,532
1974	46,932	57,694	10,762
1973	46,540	57,588	11,048
1972	46,311	57,526	11,215
1971	45,867	57,179	11,312
1970	45,075	56,534	11,459
1969	44,278	55,728	11,450
1968	43,641	55,100	11,459
1967	43,054	54,478	11,424
1966	42,457	53,764	11,307
1965	41,604	52,799	11,195
1964	40,806	51,855	11,049
1963	39,872	50,781	10,909
1962	38,537	49,344	10,807
1961	37,100	47,872	10,772
1960	35,431	46,238	10,807

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/panama | CC BY

Over the past 10 years, the natural population change in Panama (from births and deaths only, excluding migration) has been +1.31% annually. On average, 54,421 more people were born each year than died.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was 1.13% — 50,197 more people were born than died.

In 2023, Panama ranks 94/196 for absolute natural population change and 87/196 for natural change rate, where a lower rank number indicates faster natural growth and a higher number indicates greater decline.

Birth rates in Panama compared to other countries

	Panama	Rank
Fertility rate	2.12	92/196
Birth rate	16	95/196
Population change due to births and deaths	+50,197	94/196
Natural population change rate	+1.13%	87/196
Population growth	+1.27%	83/197
Average age at childbearing	27.5 years	177/197
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19	53	58/197
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29	108.5	91/197
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+	19.3	115/197
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population	25.2%	76/196
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49	46.9%	85/179
Share of births attended by skilled health staff	95%	119/191
Maternal mortality per live birth	0.04%	105/193
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age)	0.66%	115/193
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age)	1.06%	112/196
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age	1.33%	105/192
Life expectancy	80.1 years	45/197

Birth rates by women's age

Annual births per 1,000 women

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 women
Year	Total	15-19	20-29	30+
2026	30.8	53	108.5	19.3
2025	31.2	54.5	109.4	19.6
2024	31.6	56	110.3	19.8
2023	31.9	57.5	110.9	20.1
2022	32.3	57.9	112	20.5
2021	32.6	58.2	112.6	20.8
2020	33.3	62.7	113.9	21
2019	35	69.6	119	21.7
2018	36.8	75.3	124.4	22.8
2017	38	79.3	127.3	23.4
2016	38.8	82.8	128.5	24
2015	39.4	86.9	129.1	24.3
2014	40	90.5	129.9	24.4
2013	40.6	92.3	130.6	24.7
2012	41.2	92.5	132.5	25.1
2011	41.7	92.4	133.8	25.5
2010	41.7	91.1	133.7	25.6
2009	42.1	91.5	134.2	26.1
2008	42.7	90.3	135	27.1
2007	43	88.6	136.2	27.6
2006	43.4	87.9	137	28.2
2005	44	88.8	138.2	28.9
2004	45	92	139.4	29.6
2003	45.2	89.8	139.5	30.4
2002	45.7	90	140.3	31.1
2001	46.3	93.4	140.1	31.6
2000	46.9	92.6	142	32.2
1999	47.5	93.6	143.9	32.5
1998	48.1	93.7	145.9	32.9
1997	48.7	94	146.9	33.4
1996	49.2	92.4	149.5	33.8
1995	49.8	92.2	151.1	34.3
1994	50.4	92.4	153.3	34.6
1993	51	93.1	155.8	34.8
1992	51.7	94.1	158.6	35.1
1991	52.6	94.8	162.4	35.4
1990	53.8	96.5	167.9	35.9
1989	54.5	98	172	35.9
1988	55.2	98	176.5	36.3
1987	56.2	98.8	181.2	37.4
1986	57.2	99.8	186.4	38.6
1985	58.3	102	190.6	40
1984	59.3	103.7	195.4	41.4
1983	60.1	105.7	198.9	42.7
1982	60.3	106.6	200.8	43.8
1981	60.7	108.1	203.2	45
1980	61.1	108.1	206.7	46.3
1979	61.8	110	210.7	47.6
1978	62.6	111.4	215.4	49.2
1977	63.9	112.8	222.3	51.4
1976	65.5	114.5	230.1	53.6
1975	67.2	117.4	238.1	55.8
1974	69	120.1	246.4	58.1
1973	70.8	122.4	253.7	60.9
1972	72.7	125.8	261.2	63.4
1971	74.3	126.7	269	65.7
1970	75.5	128.6	274.4	67.6
1969	76.6	129.1	279.1	69.7
1968	78	130.8	284.4	71.6
1967	79.4	132	290.1	73.6
1966	80.7	132.7	295.2	75.6
1965	81.7	133.9	299	76.8
1964	82.7	134.8	303	78.3
1963	83.5	135.2	305	79.3
1962	83.7	135.1	306	79.5
1961	83.7	134.6	305	79.6
1960	83.4	133.6	303	79.3

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/panama | CC BY

Above is a chart displaying birth rates in Panama by maternal age. In 2026, of all live births, 13.5% will be to women under age 20, 53.3% to women ages 20-29, and 33.2% to women ages 30 and above. The respective shares in 1990 were 19.3%, 57.9%, and 22.8%.

Children 0-14 years as share of population by year

1x

Year	Children 0-14 as share of population
Year	Panama	World
2100	14%	16.5%
2099	14%	16.6%
2098	14%	16.6%
2097	14.1%	16.7%
2096	14.1%	16.8%
2095	14.2%	16.8%
2094	14.2%	16.9%
2093	14.3%	17%
2092	14.3%	17%
2091	14.4%	17.1%
2090	14.4%	17.2%
2089	14.5%	17.2%
2088	14.6%	17.3%
2087	14.6%	17.4%
2086	14.7%	17.4%
2085	14.8%	17.5%
2084	14.8%	17.5%
2083	14.9%	17.6%
2082	15%	17.7%
2081	15.1%	17.7%
2080	15.1%	17.8%
2079	15.2%	17.8%
2078	15.3%	17.9%
2077	15.3%	17.9%
2076	15.4%	18%
2075	15.5%	18%
2074	15.6%	18.1%
2073	15.6%	18.2%
2072	15.7%	18.2%
2071	15.8%	18.3%
2070	15.9%	18.3%
2069	15.9%	18.4%
2068	16%	18.5%
2067	16.1%	18.6%
2066	16.2%	18.6%
2065	16.3%	18.7%
2064	16.4%	18.8%
2063	16.5%	18.9%
2062	16.7%	19.1%
2061	16.8%	19.2%
2060	16.9%	19.3%
2059	17.1%	19.4%
2058	17.2%	19.5%
2057	17.3%	19.6%
2056	17.5%	19.8%
2055	17.7%	19.9%
2054	17.8%	20%
2053	18%	20.1%
2052	18.2%	20.2%
2051	18.3%	20.3%
2050	18.5%	20.4%
2049	18.7%	20.5%
2048	18.9%	20.6%
2047	19%	20.7%
2046	19.2%	20.8%
2045	19.4%	20.9%
2044	19.5%	20.9%
2043	19.7%	21%
2042	19.9%	21.1%
2041	20.1%	21.2%
2040	20.2%	21.2%
2039	20.4%	21.3%
2038	20.6%	21.4%
2037	20.8%	21.5%
2036	20.9%	21.6%
2035	21.1%	21.8%
2034	21.4%	22%
2033	21.7%	22.2%
2032	22.1%	22.4%
2031	22.4%	22.7%
2030	22.8%	23%
2029	23.2%	23.3%
2028	23.6%	23.6%
2027	24%	23.9%
2026	24.3%	24.2%
2025	24.7%	24.6%
2024	24.9%	24.7%
2023	25.3%	25%
2022	25.7%	25.3%
2021	26%	25.6%
2020	26.4%	25.8%
2019	26.7%	26%
2018	27.1%	26.2%
2017	27.4%	26.4%
2016	27.6%	26.5%
2015	27.9%	26.6%
2014	28.2%	26.8%
2013	28.4%	26.9%
2012	28.7%	27%
2011	28.9%	27.1%
2010	29.2%	27.3%
2009	29.5%	27.5%
2008	29.7%	27.6%
2007	30%	27.9%
2006	30.3%	28.1%
2005	30.6%	28.5%
2004	31%	28.8%
2003	31.3%	29.2%
2002	31.6%	29.6%
2001	32%	30%
2000	32.4%	30.4%
1999	32.8%	30.8%
1998	33.1%	31.1%
1997	33.5%	31.5%
1996	33.9%	31.8%
1995	34.2%	32.1%
1994	34.6%	32.3%
1993	34.9%	32.5%
1992	35.3%	32.7%
1991	35.7%	32.9%
1990	36.1%	33%
1989	36.5%	33.2%
1988	36.9%	33.4%
1987	37.4%	33.6%
1986	37.8%	33.8%
1985	38.3%	34%
1984	38.8%	34.3%
1983	39.3%	34.6%
1982	39.8%	34.9%
1981	40.3%	35.2%
1980	40.8%	35.5%
1979	41.4%	35.9%
1978	41.9%	36.3%
1977	42.4%	36.7%
1976	42.9%	36.9%
1975	43.3%	37.1%
1974	43.6%	37.2%
1973	43.9%	37.3%
1972	44.1%	37.5%
1971	44.3%	37.6%
1970	44.5%	37.7%
1969	44.6%	37.8%
1968	44.7%	37.9%
1967	44.8%	38%
1966	44.8%	38%
1965	44.8%	38%
1964	44.7%	38%
1963	44.6%	37.8%
1962	44.5%	37.6%
1961	44.3%	37.5%
1960	44.2%	37.4%

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/panama | CC BY

The share of children aged 0-14 in Panama was 44.2% in 1960, 35.3% in 1992, and 24.9% as of the latest data in 2024.

More about the demographics of Panama.

Fertility rates around the globe

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/panama | CC BY

Maternal mortality by year

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
2023	37	197
2022	40	203
2021	59	242
2020	74	211
2019	41	207
2018	43	211
2017	47	215
2016	47	220
2015	48	228
2014	49	231
2013	52	235
2012	53	239
2011	55	247
2010	56	253
2009	55	258
2008	55	264
2007	55	269
2006	56	276
2005	57	283
2004	57	291
2003	58	301
2002	59	311
2001	62	321
2000	64	328
1999	65	340
1998	68	360
1997	70	358
1996	73	366
1995	77	371
1994	78	382
1993	81	389
1992	85	395
1991	87	395
1990	89	391
1989	96	401
1988	93	414
1987	93	429
1986	94	438
1985	95	460

Data sources: World Bank | Gender (1985–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/panama | CC BY

The maternal mortality rate in Panama was 37 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2023 — a 0.04% chance of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination. This is a 42.2% decrease compared to the year 2000.

Under-five mortality by year

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
Year	Panama	World
2023	1.33%	2.49%
2022	1.39%	2.59%
2021	1.45%	2.66%
2020	1.52%	2.75%
2019	1.59%	2.86%
2018	1.65%	2.97%
2017	1.68%	3.11%
2016	1.7%	3.22%
2015	1.72%	3.35%
2014	1.73%	3.48%
2013	1.75%	3.61%
2012	1.77%	3.77%
2011	1.81%	3.97%
2010	1.86%	4.11%
2009	1.91%	4.31%
2008	1.97%	4.5%
2007	2.03%	4.7%
2006	2.1%	4.92%
2005	2.17%	5.16%
2004	2.25%	5.43%
2003	2.33%	5.65%
2002	2.41%	5.94%
2001	2.49%	6.21%
2000	2.56%	6.48%
1999	2.63%	6.75%
1998	2.68%	7.05%
1997	2.73%	7.28%
1996	2.77%	7.52%
1995	2.8%	7.76%
1994	2.83%	7.98%
1993	2.87%	8.19%
1992	2.91%	8.46%
1991	2.97%	8.66%
1990	3.05%	8.81%
1989	3.14%	9.02%
1988	3.24%	9.31%
1987	3.35%	9.47%
1986	3.47%	9.81%
1985	3.61%	10.1%
1984	3.75%	10.4%
1983	3.9%	10.6%
1982	4.05%	10.8%
1981	4.19%	11%
1980	4.34%	11.4%
1979	4.47%	11.7%
1978	4.61%	12.2%
1977	4.76%	12.6%
1976	4.93%	13%
1975	5.15%	13.4%
1974	5.41%	13.8%
1973	5.72%	14.1%
1972	6.07%	14.5%
1971	6.43%	15.1%
1970	6.78%	15.2%
1969	7.1%	15.4%
1968	7.38%	15.6%
1967	7.62%	15.9%
1966	7.83%	16.1%
1965	8.05%	16.4%
1964	8.28%	16.6%
1963	8.52%	16.5%
1962	8.78%	16.7%
1961	9.04%	17%
1960	9.31%	17.2%

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/panama | CC BY

The under-5 mortality rate in Panama was 13.3 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2023 — a 1.33% chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five. This is down from 25.6 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000.