Fertility & birth rates in Spain and Turkmenistan

Fertility rate in Spain vs Turkmenistan chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Spain was 1.12 children per woman in 2023, compared to 2.69 in Turkmenistan in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Spain vs Turkmenistan population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Spain	Turkmenistan
1960	2.86	6.59
1961	2.77	6.69
1962	2.8	6.76
1963	2.88	6.79
1964	3.01	6.79
1965	2.94	6.76
1966	2.91	6.7
1967	2.94	6.64
1968	2.87	6.56
1969	2.86	6.48
1970	2.84	6.4
1971	2.9	6.32
1972	2.87	6.2
1973	2.84	6.15
1974	2.88	6.09
1975	2.77	6
1976	2.77	5.9
1977	2.65	5.77
1978	2.54	5.61
1979	2.37	5.46
1980	2.22	5.3
1981	2.04	5.16
1982	1.94	5.04
1983	1.8	4.97
1984	1.73	4.96
1985	1.64	4.97
1986	1.56	4.94
1987	1.49	4.84
1988	1.45	4.68
1989	1.4	4.46
1990	1.36	4.29
1991	1.33	4.14
1992	1.31	3.96
1993	1.26	3.78
1994	1.19	3.62
1995	1.16	3.49
1996	1.14	3.29
1997	1.15	3.18
1998	1.13	3.08
1999	1.17	2.98
2000	1.22	2.9
2001	1.23	2.81
2002	1.25	2.71
2003	1.3	2.67
2004	1.31	2.67
2005	1.33	2.71
2006	1.36	2.72
2007	1.38	2.73
2008	1.45	2.75
2009	1.38	2.79
2010	1.37	2.85
2011	1.34	2.9
2012	1.32	2.96
2013	1.27	3.01
2014	1.32	3.02
2015	1.33	3.03
2016	1.33	2.99
2017	1.31	2.93
2018	1.26	2.88
2019	1.23	2.83
2020	1.18	2.79
2021	1.18	2.75
2022	1.16	2.73
2023	1.12	2.69
2024	1.13	2.66
2025	1.14	2.63
2026	1.14	2.6
2027	1.15	2.57
2028	1.16	2.54
2029	1.16	2.51
2030	1.17	2.49
2031	1.17	2.46
2032	1.18	2.43
2033	1.18	2.41
2034	1.19	2.39
2035	1.19	2.37
2036	1.2	2.35
2037	1.2	2.33
2038	1.2	2.31
2039	1.21	2.29
2040	1.21	2.27
2041	1.22	2.26
2042	1.23	2.24
2043	1.23	2.22
2044	1.24	2.21
2045	1.24	2.19
2046	1.24	2.18
2047	1.25	2.16
2048	1.25	2.15
2049	1.25	2.14
2050	1.26	2.13

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Spain	Turkmenistan
1960	27.4%	40.4%
1961	27.4%	41.7%
1962	27.4%	42.8%
1963	27.4%	43.8%
1964	27.4%	44.5%
1965	27.5%	44.9%
1966	27.6%	45.2%
1967	27.7%	45.4%
1968	27.8%	45.6%
1969	27.8%	45.5%
1970	27.9%	45.4%
1971	27.8%	45.1%
1972	27.8%	44.8%
1973	27.7%	44.4%
1974	27.5%	43.9%
1975	27.3%	43.4%
1976	27.2%	43%
1977	27%	42.5%
1978	26.8%	42.1%
1979	26.4%	41.6%
1980	26%	41.3%
1981	25.5%	41%
1982	24.9%	40.8%
1983	24.4%	40.7%
1984	23.8%	40.7%
1985	23.2%	40.7%
1986	22.5%	40.8%
1987	21.9%	41%
1988	21.2%	41.1%
1989	20.5%	41.2%
1990	19.8%	41.2%
1991	19.1%	41.2%
1992	18.4%	41.1%
1993	17.8%	41%
1994	17.2%	40.8%
1995	16.6%	40.5%
1996	16.1%	40.2%
1997	15.7%	39.6%
1998	15.3%	38.9%
1999	15%	38.1%
2000	14.8%	37.3%
2001	14.7%	36.4%
2002	14.6%	35.6%
2003	14.5%	34.8%
2004	14.5%	34%
2005	14.5%	33.3%
2006	14.5%	32.6%
2007	14.6%	31.9%
2008	14.7%	31.3%
2009	14.8%	30.8%
2010	14.9%	30.3%
2011	15%	30%
2012	15.1%	29.7%
2013	15.1%	29.6%
2014	15.1%	29.6%
2015	15%	29.7%
2016	14.9%	29.9%
2017	14.8%	30.2%
2018	14.7%	30.5%
2019	14.4%	30.9%
2020	14.2%	31.2%
2021	13.9%	31.5%
2022	13.6%	31.7%
2023	13.3%	31.7%
2024	12.9%	31.5%
2025	12.6%	31.2%
2026	12.3%	30.8%
2027	12.1%	30.3%
2028	11.8%	29.7%
2029	11.6%	29.1%
2030	11.4%	28.4%
2031	11.2%	27.7%
2032	11%	27%
2033	10.9%	26.4%
2034	10.8%	25.8%
2035	10.7%	25.3%
2036	10.7%	24.8%
2037	10.7%	24.4%
2038	10.8%	24%
2039	10.8%	23.7%
2040	10.8%	23.4%
2041	10.9%	23.3%
2042	11%	23.1%
2043	11%	23.1%
2044	11.1%	23%
2045	11.2%	23%
2046	11.3%	23%
2047	11.3%	23%
2048	11.4%	23%
2049	11.5%	23%
2050	11.5%	22.9%

Children aged 0-14 make up 12.9% of the population in Spain and 31.5% in Turkmenistan in 2024, compared to 19.8% and 41.2% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Spain and Turkmenistan compared.

Natural population change in Spain vs Turkmenistan by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been -0.13% in Spain and +1.9% in Turkmenistan. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Spain	Turkmenistan
1960	398,960	49,436
1961	396,537	51,659
1962	384,690	53,248
1963	394,338	54,203
1964	429,885	54,574
1965	405,819	54,558
1966	397,084	54,353
1967	402,001	54,209
1968	387,423	54,324
1969	367,851	54,791
1970	378,723	55,617
1971	369,625	56,666
1972	391,030	57,326
1973	374,381	59,169
1974	396,182	60,925
1975	371,882	62,681
1976	375,834	64,513
1977	361,465	66,318
1978	339,157	68,437
1979	312,407	71,135
1980	281,184	74,394
1981	237,879	77,829
1982	231,714	80,989
1983	183,223	85,183
1984	172,487	90,591
1985	146,184	95,890
1986	131,188	100,930
1987	116,054	103,885
1988	100,794	104,802
1989	81,538	103,553
1990	66,075	101,099
1991	58,450	99,297
1992	62,652	96,668
1993	47,234	92,596
1994	31,639	89,319
1995	15,889	86,289
1996	11,967	80,996
1997	20,028	79,045
1998	4,022	77,342
1999	8,077	76,362
2000	36,512	76,875
2001	44,936	76,682
2002	53,861	75,639
2003	54,844	76,737
2004	85,844	79,850
2005	78,576	83,968
2006	110,994	87,840
2007	108,545	92,038
2008	133,267	96,815
2009	106,635	102,931
2010	102,469	109,318
2011	84,137	115,197
2012	51,450	120,957
2013	37,284	126,217
2014	32,522	129,677
2015	-4,642	132,663
2016	0	132,581
2017	-32,600	131,417
2018	-56,139	129,537
2019	-56,542	128,275
2020	-151,551	124,014
2021	-113,865	122,721
2022	-133,801	121,814
2023	-111,201	117,529

Maternal mortality chart: Spain vs Turkmenistan

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 3 deaths per 100,000 live births in Spain, compared to 5 deaths in Turkmenistan.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Spain	Turkmenistan
1985	6	77
1986	7	75
1987	7	72
1988	7	69
1989	7	65
1990	6	62
1991	6	60
1992	6	58
1993	6	56
1994	6	54
1995	6	50
1996	6	46
1997	5	40
1998	5	34
1999	5	29
2000	5	25
2001	5	22
2002	5	20
2003	4	18
2004	5	17
2005	5	15
2006	4	14
2007	4	13
2008	4	11
2009	4	10
2010	4	9
2011	4	8
2012	4	7
2013	4	7
2014	4	6
2015	4	6
2016	3	6
2017	3	5
2018	3	5
2019	3	5
2020	4	5
2021	4	6
2022	4	5
2023	3	5

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.31% in Spain and 4% in Turkmenistan. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Spain	Turkmenistan
1960	5.47%	-
1961	5.2%	-
1962	4.94%	-
1963	4.68%	-
1964	4.45%	-
1965	4.23%	-
1966	4.03%	-
1967	3.83%	-
1968	3.61%	-
1969	3.39%	-
1970	3.16%	-
1971	2.94%	-
1972	2.72%	-
1973	2.52%	-
1974	2.33%	-
1975	2.17%	-
1976	2.02%	-
1977	1.87%	13.2%
1978	1.74%	12.8%
1979	1.61%	12.3%
1980	1.49%	11.9%
1981	1.38%	11.4%
1982	1.3%	10.9%
1983	1.23%	10.5%
1984	1.17%	9.98%
1985	1.11%	9.51%
1986	1.07%	9.08%
1987	1.03%	8.7%
1988	0.99%	8.36%
1989	0.95%	8.09%
1990	0.92%	7.91%
1991	0.88%	7.83%
1992	0.83%	7.83%
1993	0.79%	7.87%
1994	0.74%	7.92%
1995	0.69%	7.94%
1996	0.65%	7.9%
1997	0.61%	7.79%
1998	0.58%	7.59%
1999	0.56%	7.31%
2000	0.54%	6.97%
2001	0.53%	6.61%
2002	0.51%	6.24%
2003	0.5%	5.88%
2004	0.49%	5.56%
2005	0.47%	5.25%
2006	0.45%	4.99%
2007	0.44%	4.77%
2008	0.42%	4.6%
2009	0.4%	4.45%
2010	0.38%	4.36%
2011	0.37%	4.29%
2012	0.36%	4.25%
2013	0.35%	4.25%
2014	0.34%	4.25%
2015	0.33%	4.29%
2016	0.33%	4.33%
2017	0.32%	4.37%
2018	0.32%	4.36%
2019	0.32%	4.33%
2020	0.32%	4.26%
2021	0.31%	4.18%
2022	0.31%	4.1%
2023	0.31%	4%