Rwanda birth & fertility rate charts by year

Fertility rate in Rwanda by year

According to the latest birth rate data available, the fertility rate in Rwanda is 3.7, which is above the replacement level of 2.1 children per woman. In 1993, the fertility rate was 6.48 — a 42.9% decline in 30 years.

Check population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart above shows the historical changes in fertility rate and ranking compared to other countries, where a lower rank number indicates a higher relative fertility rate.

Births, deaths, and natural population change by year

Over the past 10 years, the natural population change in Rwanda (from births and deaths only, excluding migration) has been +2.45% annually. On average, 308,129 more people were born each year than died.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was 2.24% — 312,762 more people were born than died.

In 2023, Rwanda ranks 51/196 for absolute natural population change and 35/196 for natural change rate, where a lower rank number indicates faster natural growth and a higher number indicates greater decline.

Birth rates by women's age

Above is a chart displaying birth rates in Rwanda by maternal age. In 2026, of all live births, 5.76% will be to women under age 20, 50.5% to women ages 20-29, and 43.7% to women ages 30 and above. The respective shares in 1990 were 6.65%, 49%, and 44.3%.

Children 0-14 years as share of population by year

Chart Table

Rwanda

Factual

UN forecast

World

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Children 0-14 as share of population
	Rwanda	World
2100	18.7%	16.5%
2099	18.9%	16.6%
2098	19%	16.6%
2097	19.1%	16.7%
2096	19.3%	16.8%
2095	19.4%	16.8%
2094	19.6%	16.9%
2093	19.7%	17%
2092	19.9%	17%
2091	20%	17.1%
2090	20.2%	17.2%
2089	20.4%	17.2%
2088	20.5%	17.3%
2087	20.7%	17.4%
2086	20.9%	17.4%
2085	21.1%	17.5%
2084	21.3%	17.5%
2083	21.5%	17.6%
2082	21.7%	17.7%
2081	21.9%	17.7%
2080	22.1%	17.8%
2079	22.2%	17.8%
2078	22.4%	17.9%
2077	22.6%	17.9%
2076	22.8%	18%
2075	23%	18%
2074	23.2%	18.1%
2073	23.4%	18.2%
2072	23.6%	18.2%
2071	23.8%	18.3%
2070	24%	18.3%
2069	24.2%	18.4%
2068	24.4%	18.5%
2067	24.6%	18.6%
2066	24.9%	18.6%
2065	25.1%	18.7%
2064	25.3%	18.8%
2063	25.6%	18.9%
2062	25.8%	19.1%
2061	26.1%	19.2%
2060	26.4%	19.3%
2059	26.7%	19.4%
2058	27%	19.5%
2057	27.3%	19.6%
2056	27.6%	19.8%
2055	27.9%	19.9%
2054	28.3%	20%
2053	28.6%	20.1%
2052	28.9%	20.2%
2051	29.2%	20.3%
2050	29.5%	20.4%
2049	29.8%	20.5%
2048	30.1%	20.6%
2047	30.4%	20.7%
2046	30.7%	20.8%
2045	31%	20.9%
2044	31.2%	20.9%
2043	31.5%	21%
2042	31.8%	21.1%
2041	32.1%	21.2%
2040	32.4%	21.2%
2039	32.7%	21.3%
2038	33%	21.4%
2037	33.3%	21.5%
2036	33.6%	21.6%
2035	33.9%	21.8%
2034	34.2%	22%
2033	34.6%	22.2%
2032	34.9%	22.4%
2031	35.2%	22.7%
2030	35.6%	23%
2029	35.9%	23.3%
2028	36.2%	23.6%
2027	36.5%	23.9%
2026	36.9%	24.2%
2025	37.2%	24.6%
2024	37.4%	24.7%
2023	37.7%	25%
2022	38.2%	25.3%
2021	38.6%	25.6%
2020	39.2%	25.8%
2019	39.7%	26%
2018	40.1%	26.2%
2017	40.5%	26.4%
2016	40.9%	26.5%
2015	41.1%	26.6%
2014	41.4%	26.8%
2013	41.7%	26.9%
2012	41.9%	27%
2011	42.2%	27.1%
2010	42.4%	27.3%
2009	42.6%	27.5%
2008	42.8%	27.6%
2007	42.9%	27.9%
2006	42.9%	28.1%
2005	43.1%	28.5%
2004	43.3%	28.8%
2003	43.7%	29.2%
2002	44.3%	29.6%
2001	45.2%	30%
2000	46.4%	30.4%
1999	47.8%	30.8%
1998	49.2%	31.1%
1997	50.5%	31.5%
1996	51.4%	31.8%
1995	52.4%	32.1%
1994	50.1%	32.3%
1993	48.4%	32.5%
1992	48.7%	32.7%
1991	48.9%	32.9%
1990	49%	33%
1989	48.9%	33.2%
1988	48.9%	33.4%
1987	48.8%	33.6%
1986	48.6%	33.8%
1985	48.3%	34%
1984	48.1%	34.3%
1983	47.7%	34.6%
1982	47.4%	34.9%
1981	47.1%	35.2%
1980	46.8%	35.5%
1979	46.5%	35.9%
1978	46.4%	36.3%
1977	46.4%	36.7%
1976	46.4%	36.9%
1975	46.6%	37.1%
1974	46.9%	37.2%
1973	47.2%	37.3%
1972	47.5%	37.5%
1971	47.9%	37.6%
1970	48.2%	37.7%
1969	48.7%	37.8%
1968	49.2%	37.9%
1967	49.7%	38%
1966	50.2%	38%
1965	50.6%	38%
1964	50.8%	38%
1963	50.6%	37.8%
1962	50.2%	37.6%
1961	49.7%	37.5%
1960	49.2%	37.4%

The share of children aged 0-14 in Rwanda was 49.2% in 1960, 48.7% in 1992, and 37.4% as of the latest data in 2024.

More about the demographics of Rwanda.

Maternal mortality by year

Chart Table

Rwanda

World's average

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Rwanda	World
2023	229	197
2022	234	203
2021	254	242
2020	252	211
2019	261	207
2018	269	211
2017	275	215
2016	278	220
2015	292	228
2014	301	231
2013	317	235
2012	331	239
2011	358	247
2010	393	253
2009	418	258
2008	454	264
2007	494	269
2006	494	276
2005	465	283
2004	460	291
2003	551	301
2002	677	311
2001	769	321
2000	885	328
1999	1,073	340
1998	1,268	360
1997	1,318	358
1996	1,295	366
1995	1,505	371
1994	5,721	382
1993	1,619	389
1992	1,530	395
1991	1,386	395
1990	1,309	391
1989	1,238	401
1988	1,188	414
1987	1,145	429
1986	1,126	438
1985	1,116	460

The maternal mortality rate in Rwanda was 229 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2023 — a 0.23% chance of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination. This is a 74.1% decrease compared to the year 2000.

Under-five mortality by year

Chart Table

Rwanda

World's average

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Rwanda	World
2023	4%	2.49%
2022	4.08%	2.59%
2021	4.16%	2.66%
2020	4.25%	2.75%
2019	4.34%	2.86%
2018	4.43%	2.97%
2017	4.52%	3.11%
2016	4.63%	3.22%
2015	4.78%	3.35%
2014	4.96%	3.48%
2013	5.17%	3.61%
2012	5.45%	3.77%
2011	5.81%	3.97%
2010	6.33%	4.11%
2009	6.92%	4.31%
2008	7.62%	4.5%
2007	8.45%	4.7%
2006	9.37%	4.92%
2005	10.5%	5.16%
2004	11.8%	5.43%
2003	13.3%	5.65%
2002	14.9%	5.94%
2001	16.7%	6.21%
2000	18.5%	6.48%
1999	20.2%	6.75%
1998	21.5%	7.05%
1997	22.2%	7.28%
1996	22.2%	7.52%
1995	21.8%	7.76%
1994	38.9%	7.98%
1993	19.3%	8.19%
1992	17.5%	8.46%
1991	16%	8.66%
1990	15.1%	8.81%
1989	14.8%	9.02%
1988	14.8%	9.31%
1987	15.2%	9.47%
1986	15.6%	9.81%
1985	16.1%	10.1%
1984	16.6%	10.4%
1983	17.4%	10.6%
1982	18.6%	10.8%
1981	20.1%	11%
1980	21.8%	11.4%
1979	23.4%	11.7%
1978	24.6%	12.2%
1977	25.1%	12.6%
1976	25.1%	13%
1975	24.6%	13.4%
1974	24%	13.8%
1973	23.4%	14.1%
1972	23%	14.5%
1971	22.6%	15.1%
1970	22.3%	15.2%
1969	22%	15.4%
1968	21.7%	15.6%
1967	21.4%	15.9%
1966	21.2%	16.1%
1965	21.1%	16.4%
1964	21.1%	16.6%
1963	21.3%	16.5%
1962	21.5%	16.7%
1961	21.9%	17%
1960	22.4%	17.2%

The under-5 mortality rate in Rwanda was 40 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2023 — a 4% chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five. This is down from 184.9 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000.