Fertility & birth rates in Eritrea and Sao Tome and Principe

Fertility rate in Eritrea vs Sao Tome and Principe by year

Chart Table

Eritrea

Sao Tome and Principe

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Eritrea	Sao Tome
2023	3.71	3.64
2022	3.79	3.7
2021	3.87	3.76
2020	3.93	3.83
2019	4	3.9
2018	4.06	3.98
2017	4.11	4.07
2016	4.16	4.2
2015	4.22	4.35
2014	4.27	4.49
2013	4.34	4.58
2012	4.41	4.66
2011	4.49	4.72
2010	4.57	4.77
2009	4.66	4.84
2008	4.74	4.91
2007	4.81	4.96
2006	4.88	4.93
2005	4.93	4.94
2004	5.04	4.96
2003	5.14	5.01
2002	5.23	5.06
2001	5.31	5.1
2000	5.4	5.16
1999	5.52	5.23
1998	5.63	5.3
1997	5.74	5.4
1996	5.84	5.47
1995	5.94	5.55
1994	6.01	5.56
1993	6.07	5.64
1992	6.16	5.7
1991	6.24	5.77
1990	6.34	5.83
1989	6.41	5.88
1988	6.47	5.94
1987	6.52	5.99
1986	6.56	6.05
1985	6.59	6.1
1984	6.62	6.16
1983	6.65	6.22
1982	6.63	6.28
1981	6.62	6.33
1980	6.61	6.39
1979	6.62	6.43
1978	6.61	6.47
1977	6.61	6.5
1976	6.6	6.52
1975	6.59	6.53
1974	6.57	6.53
1973	6.55	6.53
1972	6.54	6.51
1971	6.54	6.49
1970	6.54	6.47
1969	6.5	6.44
1968	6.5	6.42
1967	6.5	6.39
1966	6.5	6.37
1965	6.49	6.35
1964	6.49	6.33
1963	6.48	6.31
1962	6.5	6.28
1961	6.47	6.26
1960	6.48	6.24

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Eritrea was 3.71 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.64 in Sao Tome and Principe in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Eritrea vs Sao Tome and Principe population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Eritrea

Sao Tome and Principe

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Eritrea	Sao Tome
2023	78,073	5,221
2022	76,221	5,102
2021	74,394	4,954
2020	73,362	4,874
2019	73,572	4,932
2018	72,511	4,957
2017	72,291	5,007
2016	73,002	5,125
2015	73,682	5,269
2014	75,729	5,381
2013	75,562	5,449
2012	76,416	5,501
2011	76,806	5,445
2010	76,098	5,391
2009	76,206	5,349
2008	73,391	5,297
2007	73,101	5,226
2006	74,470	5,057
2005	72,930	4,897
2004	72,147	4,810
2003	66,291	4,702
2002	65,436	4,591
2001	61,180	4,471
2000	60,274	4,334
1999	45,120	4,221
1998	55,332	4,120
1997	63,953	4,041
1996	66,557	3,993
1995	56,157	3,948
1994	56,288	3,860
1993	51,679	3,841
1992	51,443	3,822
1991	57,741	3,801
1990	56,903	3,719
1989	54,299	3,576
1988	54,163	3,544
1987	52,229	3,440
1986	39,470	3,180
1985	37,362	3,242
1984	35,101	3,163
1983	33,420	3,100
1982	44,146	3,047
1981	42,924	3,015
1980	41,392	2,965
1979	39,577	2,893
1978	38,353	2,800
1977	37,295	2,705
1976	36,250	2,608
1975	30,971	2,515
1974	30,111	2,422
1973	31,969	2,329
1972	30,951	2,232
1971	31,490	2,127
1970	30,686	1,980
1969	29,535	1,862
1968	28,777	1,767
1967	27,992	1,693
1966	24,713	1,642
1965	26,285	1,611
1964	25,327	1,600
1963	24,393	1,609
1962	23,478	1,625
1961	22,351	1,657
1960	21,424	1,547

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +2.25% in Eritrea and +2.26% in Sao Tome and Principe.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +2.29% in Eritrea and +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe.

Birth rate in Eritrea vs Sao Tome and Principe by year

Chart Table

Eritrea

Sao Tome and Principe

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Eritrea	Sao Tome
2023	28.5	28.2
2022	28.7	28.3
2021	28.8	28.5
2020	28.9	28.6
2019	29.1	29.2
2018	29.2	29.8
2017	29.6	30.6
2016	30.1	31.7
2015	30.6	33
2014	31.5	34.3
2013	31.7	35.4
2012	32.4	36.4
2011	33	36.8
2010	33.5	37.3
2009	34.2	37.9
2008	34.1	38.5
2007	35	38.9
2006	36.2	38.9
2005	36.4	39
2004	37	39.2
2003	35.9	39.6
2002	37.1	39.8
2001	36.4	40
2000	38	39.7
1999	38.4	39.4
1998	39.9	39.2
1997	41.2	39.2
1996	43.3	39.3
1995	39.5	39.5
1994	42.1	39.4
1993	40.9	39.8
1992	42.3	40.2
1991	46.1	40.7
1990	43.3	40.7
1989	43.9	40.9
1988	44.3	40.9
1987	44.5	41
1986	44.7	41
1985	44.8	41
1984	44.9	41.1
1983	45	41.2
1982	44.8	41.3
1981	44.8	41.5
1980	44.8	41.6
1979	44.9	41.6
1978	45.1	41.4
1977	45.4	41.3
1976	45.7	41.1
1975	45.8	40.9
1974	45.9	40.6
1973	46	40.3
1972	46.2	39.9
1971	46.6	39.5
1970	47	38.8
1969	47	38.2
1968	47.3	37.8
1967	47.6	37.7
1966	47.7	38
1965	47.8	38.6
1964	47.9	39.7
1963	47.9	41.1
1962	48	42.7
1961	47.8	44.6
1960	47.7	44.6

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 28.5 in Eritrea and 28.2 in Sao Tome and Principe, compared with 47.7 and 44.6, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Eritrea

Factual

UN forecast

Sao Tome and Principe

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Eritrea	Sao Tome
2100	19%	19.5%
2099	19.1%	19.6%
2098	19.2%	19.8%
2097	19.4%	19.9%
2096	19.5%	20%
2095	19.6%	20.2%
2094	19.8%	20.3%
2093	19.9%	20.4%
2092	20%	20.6%
2091	20.2%	20.7%
2090	20.3%	20.9%
2089	20.5%	21.1%
2088	20.6%	21.2%
2087	20.8%	21.4%
2086	21%	21.6%
2085	21.1%	21.8%
2084	21.3%	22%
2083	21.5%	22.2%
2082	21.7%	22.4%
2081	22%	22.6%
2080	22.2%	22.9%
2079	22.4%	23.1%
2078	22.6%	23.3%
2077	22.9%	23.5%
2076	23.1%	23.7%
2075	23.3%	24%
2074	23.6%	24.2%
2073	23.8%	24.4%
2072	24%	24.6%
2071	24.3%	24.8%
2070	24.5%	25%
2069	24.7%	25.2%
2068	25%	25.4%
2067	25.2%	25.6%
2066	25.4%	25.9%
2065	25.6%	26.1%
2064	25.9%	26.3%
2063	26.1%	26.5%
2062	26.3%	26.8%
2061	26.6%	27%
2060	26.8%	27.3%
2059	27.1%	27.5%
2058	27.4%	27.8%
2057	27.6%	28.1%
2056	27.9%	28.4%
2055	28.3%	28.7%
2054	28.6%	29%
2053	29%	29.4%
2052	29.3%	29.7%
2051	29.7%	30.1%
2050	30.1%	30.4%
2049	30.5%	30.8%
2048	30.9%	31.1%
2047	31.3%	31.5%
2046	31.7%	31.8%
2045	32.1%	32.1%
2044	32.5%	32.5%
2043	32.9%	32.8%
2042	33.2%	33.1%
2041	33.6%	33.4%
2040	33.8%	33.6%
2039	34.1%	33.9%
2038	34.3%	34.1%
2037	34.6%	34.4%
2036	34.8%	34.6%
2035	34.9%	34.7%
2034	35.1%	34.9%
2033	35.2%	35.1%
2032	35.4%	35.3%
2031	35.6%	35.5%
2030	35.8%	35.8%
2029	36.1%	36.1%
2028	36.4%	36.6%
2027	36.9%	37%
2026	37.3%	37.3%
2025	37.9%	37.6%
2024	38.1%	37.8%
2023	38.7%	38.3%
2022	39.2%	38.8%
2021	39.8%	39.4%
2020	40.4%	39.9%
2019	41%	40.5%
2018	41.5%	40.9%
2017	41.9%	41.4%
2016	42.1%	41.7%
2015	42.1%	41.9%
2014	42%	42%
2013	42%	42%
2012	42.1%	42%
2011	42.3%	42%
2010	42.6%	42.1%
2009	42.7%	42.1%
2008	43%	42.1%
2007	43.3%	42%
2006	43.1%	42%
2005	42.9%	42%
2004	43%	42.1%
2003	43.7%	42.2%
2002	44.4%	42.3%
2001	45%	42.5%
2000	45.2%	42.8%
1999	44.9%	43.4%
1998	44.4%	43.9%
1997	43.7%	44.3%
1996	42.9%	44.7%
1995	43.5%	44.9%
1994	44.4%	45.1%
1993	44.5%	45.2%
1992	44.7%	45.2%
1991	44.6%	45.1%
1990	44.5%	45.1%
1989	44.3%	45%
1988	44.2%	45%
1987	44%	44.9%
1986	44%	44.7%
1985	44.1%	44.5%
1984	44.2%	44.4%
1983	44.4%	44.5%
1982	44.4%	44.5%
1981	44.4%	44.7%
1980	44.4%	44.9%
1979	44.4%	45.1%
1978	44.3%	45.2%
1977	44.3%	45.3%
1976	44.2%	45.4%
1975	44.1%	45.5%
1974	44.1%	45.6%
1973	44%	45.7%
1972	43.8%	45.9%
1971	43.6%	46.1%
1970	43.3%	46.2%
1969	43%	45.8%
1968	42.8%	44.9%
1967	42.4%	44%
1966	42.1%	42.9%
1965	41.8%	41.6%
1964	41.6%	40.2%
1963	41.5%	38.5%
1962	41.4%	36.6%
1961	41.4%	34.3%
1960	41.5%	32.9%

Children aged 0-14 make up 38.1% of the population in Eritrea and 37.8% in Sao Tome and Principe in 2024, compared to 44.5% and 45.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Eritrea and Sao Tome and Principe compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Eritrea vs Sao Tome and Principe

Chart Table

Eritrea

Sao Tome and Principe

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Eritrea	Sao Tome
2023	291	75
2022	301	82
2021	338	98
2020	334	92
2019	351	95
2018	363	100
2017	379	110
2016	395	119
2015	413	128
2014	430	138
2013	443	150
2012	458	158
2011	478	164
2010	498	170
2009	515	172
2008	530	174
2007	541	174
2006	555	177
2005	567	181
2004	588	177
2003	588	178
2002	636	179
2001	651	178
2000	741	180
1999	734	179
1998	865	175
1997	817	173
1996	878	171
1995	854	172
1994	998	168
1993	1,040	166
1992	1,149	164
1991	1,384	166
1990	1,352	164
1989	1,473	167
1988	1,499	157
1987	1,555	161
1986	1,625	175
1985	1,678	159

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 291 deaths per 100,000 live births in Eritrea, compared to 75 deaths in Sao Tome and Principe.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Eritrea

Sao Tome and Principe

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Eritrea	Sao Tome
2023	3.54%	1.39%
2022	3.66%	1.46%
2021	3.79%	1.53%
2020	3.91%	1.6%
2019	4.03%	1.7%
2018	4.17%	1.81%
2017	4.32%	1.95%
2016	4.46%	2.11%
2015	4.61%	2.31%
2014	4.78%	2.54%
2013	4.94%	2.77%
2012	5.12%	3.04%
2011	5.31%	3.33%
2010	5.5%	3.63%
2009	5.71%	3.95%
2008	5.94%	4.3%
2007	6.19%	4.68%
2006	6.46%	5.11%
2005	6.75%	5.56%
2004	7.05%	6.05%
2003	7.38%	6.57%
2002	7.73%	7.1%
2001	8.11%	7.66%
2000	8.53%	8.21%
1999	10.9%	8.76%
1998	9.51%	9.26%
1997	10.1%	9.73%
1996	10.8%	10.1%
1995	11.5%	10.4%
1994	12.3%	10.7%
1993	13.1%	10.8%
1992	13.9%	10.9%
1991	14.7%	10.9%
1990	15.4%	10.8%
1989	16%	10.7%
1988	16.6%	10.6%
1987	17.1%	10.4%
1986	25.6%	11.4%
1985	26.2%	9.99%
1984	27.2%	9.77%
1983	27.8%	9.56%
1982	18.8%	9.37%
1981	19.1%	9.21%
1980	19.4%	9.1%
1979	19.7%	9.02%
1978	20%	8.96%
1977	20.4%	8.93%
1976	20.8%	8.89%
1975	25%	8.85%
1974	25.6%	8.79%
1973	-	8.73%
1972	-	8.67%
1971	-	8.63%
1970	-	8.64%
1969	-	8.71%
1968	-	8.85%
1967	-	9.04%
1966	-	9.29%
1965	-	9.56%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 3.54% in Eritrea and 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.