Fertility & birth rates in Sao Tome and Principe and United States

Fertility rate in Sao Tome and Principe vs United States by year

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

United States

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Sao Tome	United States
2023	3.64	1.62
2022	3.7	1.66
2021	3.76	1.66
2020	3.83	1.64
2019	3.9	1.71
2018	3.98	1.73
2017	4.07	1.77
2016	4.2	1.82
2015	4.35	1.84
2014	4.49	1.86
2013	4.58	1.86
2012	4.66	1.88
2011	4.72	1.89
2010	4.77	1.93
2009	4.84	2
2008	4.91	2.07
2007	4.96	2.12
2006	4.93	2.11
2005	4.94	2.06
2004	4.96	2.05
2003	5.01	2.05
2002	5.06	2.02
2001	5.1	2.03
2000	5.16	2.06
1999	5.23	2.01
1998	5.3	2
1997	5.4	1.97
1996	5.47	1.98
1995	5.55	1.98
1994	5.56	2
1993	5.64	2.02
1992	5.7	2.05
1991	5.77	2.06
1990	5.83	2.08
1989	5.88	2.01
1988	5.94	1.93
1987	5.99	1.87
1986	6.05	1.84
1985	6.1	1.84
1984	6.16	1.81
1983	6.22	1.8
1982	6.28	1.83
1981	6.33	1.81
1980	6.39	1.84
1979	6.43	1.81
1978	6.47	1.76
1977	6.5	1.79
1976	6.52	1.74
1975	6.53	1.77
1974	6.53	1.84
1973	6.53	1.88
1972	6.51	2.01
1971	6.49	2.27
1970	6.47	2.48
1969	6.44	2.46
1968	6.42	2.46
1967	6.39	2.56
1966	6.37	2.72
1965	6.35	2.91
1964	6.33	3.19
1963	6.31	3.32
1962	6.28	3.46
1961	6.26	3.62
1960	6.24	3.65

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Sao Tome and Principe was 3.64 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.62 in the United States in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Sao Tome and Principe vs the United States population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

United States

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Sao Tome	United States
2023	5,221	502,372
2022	5,102	399,926
2021	4,954	199,137
2020	4,874	208,862
2019	4,932	887,476
2018	4,957	955,022
2017	5,007	1,028,037
2016	5,125	1,197,627
2015	5,269	1,270,126
2014	5,381	1,357,281
2013	5,449	1,322,711
2012	5,501	1,411,822
2011	5,445	1,441,697
2010	5,391	1,548,182
2009	5,349	1,717,920
2008	5,297	1,794,154
2007	5,226	1,897,757
2006	5,057	1,849,955
2005	4,897	1,684,445
2004	4,810	1,698,271
2003	4,702	1,653,615
2002	4,591	1,581,938
2001	4,471	1,595,826
2000	4,334	1,664,758
1999	4,221	1,564,050
1998	4,120	1,573,857
1997	4,041	1,501,014
1996	3,993	1,510,137
1995	3,948	1,546,031
1994	3,860	1,633,302
1993	3,841	1,717,685
1992	3,822	1,875,328
1991	3,801	1,926,543
1990	3,719	2,026,068
1989	3,576	1,875,826
1988	3,544	1,735,943
1987	3,440	1,720,252
1986	3,180	1,656,917
1985	3,242	1,689,258
1984	3,163	1,627,192
1983	3,100	1,636,544
1982	3,047	1,714,317
1981	3,015	1,652,153
1980	2,965	1,608,450
1979	2,893	1,597,894
1978	2,800	1,402,283
1977	2,705	1,431,556
1976	2,608	1,264,604
1975	2,515	1,252,644
1974	2,422	1,218,968
1973	2,329	1,165,499
1972	2,232	1,301,355
1971	2,127	1,640,519
1970	1,980	1,824,965
1969	1,862	1,702,487
1968	1,767	1,565,507
1967	1,693	1,669,181
1966	1,642	1,749,387
1965	1,611	1,943,030
1964	1,600	2,245,099
1963	1,609	2,289,826
1962	1,625	2,406,337
1961	1,657	2,571,681
1960	1,547	2,565,530

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +2.26% in Sao Tome and Principe and +0.15% in the United States.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe and +0.25% in the United States.

Birth rate in Sao Tome and Principe vs United States by year

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

United States

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Sao Tome	United States
2023	28.2	10.7
2022	28.3	11
2021	28.5	11
2020	28.6	10.9
2019	29.2	11.4
2018	29.8	11.6
2017	30.6	11.8
2016	31.7	12.2
2015	33	12.4
2014	34.3	12.5
2013	35.4	12.4
2012	36.4	12.6
2011	36.8	12.7
2010	37.3	13
2009	37.9	13.5
2008	38.5	14
2007	38.9	14.3
2006	38.9	14.3
2005	39	14
2004	39.2	14
2003	39.6	14.1
2002	39.8	14
2001	40	14.1
2000	39.7	14.4
1999	39.4	14.2
1998	39.2	14.3
1997	39.2	14.2
1996	39.3	14.4
1995	39.5	14.6
1994	39.4	15
1993	39.8	15.4
1992	40.2	15.8
1991	40.7	16.2
1990	40.7	16.7
1989	40.9	16.4
1988	40.9	16
1987	41	15.7
1986	41	15.6
1985	41	15.8
1984	41.1	15.6
1983	41.2	15.6
1982	41.3	15.9
1981	41.5	15.8
1980	41.6	15.9
1979	41.6	15.6
1978	41.4	15
1977	41.3	15.1
1976	41.1	14.6
1975	40.9	14.6
1974	40.6	14.8
1973	40.3	14.8
1972	39.9	15.6
1971	39.5	17.2
1970	38.8	18.4
1969	38.2	17.9
1968	37.8	17.6
1967	37.7	17.8
1966	38	18.4
1965	38.6	19.4
1964	39.7	21.1
1963	41.1	21.7
1962	42.7	22.4
1961	44.6	23.3
1960	44.6	23.7

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 28.2 in Sao Tome and Principe and 10.7 in the United States, compared with 44.6 and 23.7, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

Factual

UN forecast

United States

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Sao Tome	United States
2100	19.5%	14.4%
2099	19.6%	14.4%
2098	19.8%	14.4%
2097	19.9%	14.4%
2096	20%	14.4%
2095	20.2%	14.5%
2094	20.3%	14.5%
2093	20.4%	14.5%
2092	20.6%	14.5%
2091	20.7%	14.6%
2090	20.9%	14.6%
2089	21.1%	14.7%
2088	21.2%	14.7%
2087	21.4%	14.7%
2086	21.6%	14.8%
2085	21.8%	14.8%
2084	22%	14.8%
2083	22.2%	14.9%
2082	22.4%	14.9%
2081	22.6%	14.9%
2080	22.9%	14.9%
2079	23.1%	14.9%
2078	23.3%	14.9%
2077	23.5%	14.9%
2076	23.7%	14.9%
2075	24%	14.9%
2074	24.2%	14.9%
2073	24.4%	14.9%
2072	24.6%	14.9%
2071	24.8%	14.9%
2070	25%	14.9%
2069	25.2%	14.9%
2068	25.4%	14.9%
2067	25.6%	14.9%
2066	25.9%	14.9%
2065	26.1%	15%
2064	26.3%	15%
2063	26.5%	15%
2062	26.8%	15.1%
2061	27%	15.1%
2060	27.3%	15.2%
2059	27.5%	15.3%
2058	27.8%	15.4%
2057	28.1%	15.5%
2056	28.4%	15.5%
2055	28.7%	15.6%
2054	29%	15.7%
2053	29.4%	15.8%
2052	29.7%	15.8%
2051	30.1%	15.9%
2050	30.4%	15.9%
2049	30.8%	16%
2048	31.1%	16%
2047	31.5%	16%
2046	31.8%	16%
2045	32.1%	16%
2044	32.5%	16%
2043	32.8%	16%
2042	33.1%	16%
2041	33.4%	15.9%
2040	33.6%	15.9%
2039	33.9%	15.9%
2038	34.1%	15.9%
2037	34.4%	15.9%
2036	34.6%	15.9%
2035	34.7%	15.9%
2034	34.9%	15.9%
2033	35.1%	16%
2032	35.3%	16.1%
2031	35.5%	16.2%
2030	35.8%	16.3%
2029	36.1%	16.5%
2028	36.6%	16.6%
2027	37%	16.8%
2026	37.3%	17%
2025	37.6%	17.2%
2024	37.8%	17.3%
2023	38.3%	17.6%
2022	38.8%	17.9%
2021	39.4%	18.1%
2020	39.9%	18.4%
2019	40.5%	18.6%
2018	40.9%	18.8%
2017	41.4%	18.9%
2016	41.7%	19.1%
2015	41.9%	19.2%
2014	42%	19.3%
2013	42%	19.4%
2012	42%	19.5%
2011	42%	19.6%
2010	42.1%	19.7%
2009	42.1%	19.8%
2008	42.1%	19.9%
2007	42%	20%
2006	42%	20.2%
2005	42%	20.3%
2004	42.1%	20.5%
2003	42.2%	20.7%
2002	42.3%	20.9%
2001	42.5%	21%
2000	42.8%	21.2%
1999	43.4%	21.3%
1998	43.9%	21.4%
1997	44.3%	21.5%
1996	44.7%	21.7%
1995	44.9%	21.8%
1994	45.1%	21.9%
1993	45.2%	21.9%
1992	45.2%	21.8%
1991	45.1%	21.7%
1990	45.1%	21.6%
1989	45%	21.5%
1988	45%	21.3%
1987	44.9%	21.3%
1986	44.7%	21.3%
1985	44.5%	21.5%
1984	44.4%	21.7%
1983	44.5%	21.8%
1982	44.5%	22%
1981	44.7%	22.1%
1980	44.9%	22.4%
1979	45.1%	22.8%
1978	45.2%	23.2%
1977	45.3%	23.8%
1976	45.4%	24.4%
1975	45.5%	25.2%
1974	45.6%	25.9%
1973	45.7%	26.6%
1972	45.9%	27.4%
1971	46.1%	28%
1970	46.2%	28.6%
1969	45.8%	29%
1968	44.9%	29.5%
1967	44%	30%
1966	42.9%	30.4%
1965	41.6%	30.7%
1964	40.2%	30.9%
1963	38.5%	31.1%
1962	36.6%	31.3%
1961	34.3%	31.4%
1960	32.9%	31.3%

Children aged 0-14 make up 37.8% of the population in Sao Tome and Principe and 17.3% in the United States in 2024, compared to 45.1% and 21.6% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Sao Tome and Principe and the United States compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Sao Tome and Principe vs United States

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

United States

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Sao Tome	United States
2023	75	17
2022	82	20
2021	98	31
2020	92	22
2019	95	18
2018	100	18
2017	110	18
2016	119	18
2015	128	17
2014	138	17
2013	150	16
2012	158	16
2011	164	15
2010	170	15
2009	172	15
2008	174	14
2007	174	13
2006	177	13
2005	181	13
2004	177	13
2003	178	13
2002	179	13
2001	178	13
2000	180	12
1999	179	12
1998	175	11
1997	173	11
1996	171	11
1995	172	12
1994	168	11
1993	166	12
1992	164	11
1991	166	12
1990	164	12
1989	167	12
1988	157	12
1987	161	11
1986	175	11
1985	159	11

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 75 deaths per 100,000 live births in Sao Tome and Principe, compared to 17 deaths in the United States.

U.S. figures are less comparable to other countries, because reporting changes between 2003 and 2018 doubled the number of maternal deaths captured in official records without an actual doubling in mortality, and coding was revised again in 2018.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

United States

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Sao Tome	United States
2023	1.39%	0.65%
2022	1.46%	0.65%
2021	1.53%	0.65%
2020	1.6%	0.65%
2019	1.7%	0.65%
2018	1.81%	0.65%
2017	1.95%	0.66%
2016	2.11%	0.67%
2015	2.31%	0.68%
2014	2.54%	0.68%
2013	2.77%	0.69%
2012	3.04%	0.7%
2011	3.33%	0.72%
2010	3.63%	0.73%
2009	3.95%	0.75%
2008	4.3%	0.76%
2007	4.68%	0.77%
2006	5.11%	0.79%
2005	5.56%	0.8%
2004	6.05%	0.81%
2003	6.57%	0.81%
2002	7.1%	0.82%
2001	7.66%	0.83%
2000	8.21%	0.84%
1999	8.76%	0.86%
1998	9.26%	0.87%
1997	9.73%	0.89%
1996	10.1%	0.92%
1995	10.4%	0.95%
1994	10.7%	0.98%
1993	10.8%	1.01%
1992	10.9%	1.05%
1991	10.9%	1.09%
1990	10.8%	1.12%
1989	10.7%	1.16%
1988	10.6%	1.19%
1987	10.4%	1.21%
1986	11.4%	1.24%
1985	9.99%	1.27%
1984	9.77%	1.3%
1983	9.56%	1.34%
1982	9.37%	1.39%
1981	9.21%	1.44%
1980	9.1%	1.5%
1979	9.02%	1.56%
1978	8.96%	1.63%
1977	8.93%	1.71%
1976	8.89%	1.79%
1975	8.85%	1.88%
1974	8.79%	1.97%
1973	8.73%	2.06%
1972	8.67%	2.15%
1971	8.63%	2.24%
1970	8.64%	2.32%
1969	8.71%	2.41%
1968	8.85%	2.49%
1967	9.04%	2.57%
1966	9.29%	2.64%
1965	9.56%	2.71%
1964	-	2.77%
1963	-	2.83%
1962	-	2.89%
1961	-	2.95%
1960	-	3.01%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe and 0.65% in the United States. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.