Fertility & birth rates in Canada and Spain

Fertility rate in Canada vs Spain by year

Chart Table

Canada

Spain

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Canada	Spain
2023	1.26	1.12
2022	1.33	1.16
2021	1.44	1.18
2020	1.41	1.18
2019	1.47	1.23
2018	1.51	1.26
2017	1.55	1.31
2016	1.59	1.33
2015	1.6	1.33
2014	1.61	1.32
2013	1.61	1.27
2012	1.63	1.32
2011	1.63	1.34
2010	1.65	1.37
2009	1.69	1.38
2008	1.7	1.45
2007	1.67	1.38
2006	1.63	1.36
2005	1.58	1.33
2004	1.56	1.31
2003	1.55	1.3
2002	1.52	1.25
2001	1.54	1.23
2000	1.51	1.22
1999	1.55	1.17
1998	1.56	1.13
1997	1.57	1.15
1996	1.63	1.14
1995	1.67	1.16
1994	1.69	1.19
1993	1.69	1.26
1992	1.71	1.31
1991	1.72	1.33
1990	1.83	1.36
1989	1.77	1.4
1988	1.68	1.45
1987	1.68	1.49
1986	1.68	1.56
1985	1.67	1.64
1984	1.65	1.73
1983	1.68	1.8
1982	1.69	1.94
1981	1.7	2.04
1980	1.74	2.22
1979	1.75	2.37
1978	1.77	2.54
1977	1.78	2.65
1976	1.8	2.77
1975	1.82	2.77
1974	1.84	2.88
1973	1.89	2.84
1972	1.98	2.87
1971	2.14	2.9
1970	2.26	2.84
1969	2.33	2.86
1968	2.39	2.87
1967	2.53	2.94
1966	2.75	2.91
1965	3.12	2.94
1964	3.46	3.01
1963	3.61	2.88
1962	3.68	2.8
1961	3.75	2.77
1960	3.81	2.86

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Canada was 1.26 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.12 in Spain in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Canada vs Spain population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Canada

Spain

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Canada	Spain
2023	28,058	-111,211
2022	15,574	-133,801
2021	57,360	-113,865
2020	53,241	-151,551
2019	86,523	-56,542
2018	88,974	-56,139
2017	98,672	-32,600
2016	115,555	0
2015	117,825	-4,642
2014	127,563	32,522
2013	129,799	37,284
2012	135,382	51,450
2011	133,923	84,137
2010	139,425	102,469
2009	144,609	106,635
2008	142,963	133,267
2007	134,845	108,545
2006	130,285	110,994
2005	116,074	78,576
2004	111,786	85,844
2003	110,749	54,844
2002	106,621	53,861
2001	114,777	44,936
2000	110,469	36,512
1999	118,565	8,077
1998	126,651	4,022
1997	134,577	20,028
1996	153,973	11,967
1995	167,023	15,889
1994	179,804	31,639
1993	186,451	47,234
1992	204,273	62,652
1991	207,477	58,450
1990	213,222	66,075
1989	207,304	81,538
1988	192,901	100,794
1987	190,416	116,054
1986	190,532	131,188
1985	204,153	146,184
1984	204,856	172,487
1983	202,931	183,223
1982	200,935	231,714
1981	206,005	237,879
1980	203,480	281,184
1979	203,293	312,407
1978	194,102	339,157
1977	199,297	361,465
1976	196,979	375,834
1975	196,718	371,882
1974	182,464	396,182
1973	184,432	374,381
1972	188,857	391,030
1971	208,640	369,625
1970	215,372	378,723
1969	216,588	367,851
1968	211,589	387,423
1967	220,450	402,001
1966	236,566	397,084
1965	269,589	405,819
1964	307,268	429,885
1963	318,595	394,338
1962	325,745	384,690
1961	334,360	396,537
1960	338,487	398,960

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +0.07% in Canada and -0.23% in Spain.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +0.22% in Canada and -0.13% in Spain.

Birth rate in Canada vs Spain by year

Chart Table

Canada

Spain

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Canada	Spain
2023	8.8	6.7
2022	9	6.9
2021	9.7	7.1
2020	9.5	7.2
2019	9.9	7.6
2018	10.1	7.9
2017	10.3	8.4
2016	10.6	8.8
2015	10.7	9
2014	10.9	9.2
2013	10.9	9.1
2012	11	9.7
2011	11	10.1
2010	11.2	10.4
2009	11.4	10.6
2008	11.5	11.3
2007	11.3	10.9
2006	11	10.8
2005	10.7	10.6
2004	10.6	10.6
2003	10.6	10.4
2002	10.5	10.1
2001	10.8	9.9
2000	10.7	9.8
1999	11.1	9.4
1998	11.4	9.1
1997	11.7	9.2
1996	12.4	9.1
1995	12.9	9.1
1994	13.3	9.4
1993	13.6	9.8
1992	14.1	10.1
1991	14.4	10.2
1990	15	10.3
1989	14.9	10.5
1988	14.5	10.8
1987	14.4	11
1986	14.5	11.4
1985	14.9	11.9
1984	15	12.3
1983	15	12.7
1982	15.1	13.6
1981	15.3	14.1
1980	15.4	15.2
1979	15.4	16.2
1978	15.2	17.3
1977	15.5	18
1976	15.6	18.7
1975	15.8	18.7
1974	15.4	19.5
1973	15.6	19.2
1972	15.9	19.4
1971	16.8	19.6
1970	17.4	19.5
1969	17.6	19.9
1968	17.6	20.1
1967	18.2	20.7
1966	19.3	20.7
1965	21.3	21.1
1964	23.4	22
1963	24.6	21.4
1962	25.2	21.1
1961	26	21.2
1960	26.7	21.7

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8.8 in Canada and 6.7 in Spain, compared with 26.7 and 21.7, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Canada

Factual

UN forecast

Spain

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Canada	Spain
2100	13.4%	11.6%
2099	13.4%	11.6%
2098	13.4%	11.7%
2097	13.4%	11.7%
2096	13.3%	11.7%
2095	13.3%	11.8%
2094	13.3%	11.8%
2093	13.3%	11.9%
2092	13.3%	11.9%
2091	13.3%	11.9%
2090	13.3%	12%
2089	13.3%	12%
2088	13.3%	12%
2087	13.3%	12.1%
2086	13.3%	12.1%
2085	13.3%	12.1%
2084	13.3%	12%
2083	13.3%	12%
2082	13.3%	12%
2081	13.3%	11.9%
2080	13.3%	11.9%
2079	13.3%	11.8%
2078	13.3%	11.7%
2077	13.3%	11.6%
2076	13.2%	11.6%
2075	13.2%	11.5%
2074	13.2%	11.4%
2073	13.2%	11.3%
2072	13.2%	11.2%
2071	13.2%	11.2%
2070	13.2%	11.1%
2069	13.2%	11.1%
2068	13.3%	11%
2067	13.3%	11%
2066	13.3%	11%
2065	13.3%	11%
2064	13.3%	11%
2063	13.3%	11.1%
2062	13.3%	11.1%
2061	13.3%	11.2%
2060	13.3%	11.2%
2059	13.3%	11.3%
2058	13.4%	11.4%
2057	13.4%	11.4%
2056	13.4%	11.5%
2055	13.4%	11.5%
2054	13.4%	11.5%
2053	13.4%	11.5%
2052	13.4%	11.5%
2051	13.5%	11.5%
2050	13.5%	11.5%
2049	13.5%	11.4%
2048	13.5%	11.4%
2047	13.5%	11.3%
2046	13.5%	11.2%
2045	13.5%	11.1%
2044	13.6%	11.1%
2043	13.6%	11%
2042	13.6%	10.9%
2041	13.6%	10.9%
2040	13.7%	10.8%
2039	13.7%	10.8%
2038	13.8%	10.7%
2037	13.8%	10.7%
2036	13.9%	10.7%
2035	14%	10.7%
2034	14%	10.8%
2033	14.1%	10.9%
2032	14.2%	11.1%
2031	14.3%	11.3%
2030	14.4%	11.5%
2029	14.5%	11.7%
2028	14.7%	11.9%
2027	14.8%	12.2%
2026	14.9%	12.5%
2025	15%	12.8%
2024	15.1%	12.9%
2023	15.3%	13.3%
2022	15.5%	13.6%
2021	15.7%	13.9%
2020	15.9%	14.2%
2019	16%	14.4%
2018	16.1%	14.7%
2017	16.2%	14.8%
2016	16.2%	14.9%
2015	16.2%	15%
2014	16.2%	15.1%
2013	16.3%	15.1%
2012	16.3%	15.1%
2011	16.4%	15%
2010	16.6%	14.9%
2009	16.7%	14.8%
2008	16.9%	14.7%
2007	17.1%	14.6%
2006	17.4%	14.5%
2005	17.7%	14.5%
2004	18%	14.5%
2003	18.3%	14.5%
2002	18.6%	14.6%
2001	18.9%	14.7%
2000	19.2%	14.8%
1999	19.5%	15%
1998	19.8%	15.3%
1997	20%	15.7%
1996	20.2%	16.1%
1995	20.4%	16.6%
1994	20.6%	17.2%
1993	20.7%	17.8%
1992	20.7%	18.4%
1991	20.7%	19.1%
1990	20.7%	19.8%
1989	20.8%	20.5%
1988	20.8%	21.2%
1987	20.9%	21.9%
1986	21.1%	22.5%
1985	21.3%	23.2%
1984	21.6%	23.8%
1983	21.8%	24.4%
1982	22%	24.9%
1981	22.3%	25.5%
1980	22.8%	26%
1979	23.4%	26.4%
1978	24%	26.8%
1977	24.7%	27%
1976	25.5%	27.2%
1975	26.2%	27.3%
1974	27%	27.5%
1973	27.8%	27.7%
1972	28.6%	27.8%
1971	29.3%	27.8%
1970	30.2%	27.9%
1969	31%	27.8%
1968	31.6%	27.8%
1967	32.3%	27.7%
1966	32.9%	27.6%
1965	33.3%	27.5%
1964	33.7%	27.4%
1963	33.9%	27.4%
1962	33.9%	27.4%
1961	33.9%	27.4%
1960	33.8%	27.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.1% of the population in Canada and 12.9% in Spain in 2024, compared to 20.7% and 19.8% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Canada and Spain compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Canada vs Spain

Chart Table

Canada

Spain

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Canada	Spain
2023	12	3
2022	15	4
2021	14	4
2020	17	4
2019	12	3
2018	13	3
2017	12	3
2016	12	3
2015	11	4
2014	12	4
2013	11	4
2012	11	4
2011	11	4
2010	11	4
2009	12	4
2008	12	4
2007	11	4
2006	11	4
2005	11	5
2004	10	5
2003	10	4
2002	10	5
2001	10	5
2000	9	5
1999	9	5
1998	9	5
1997	8	5
1996	9	6
1995	8	6
1994	8	6
1993	8	6
1992	8	6
1991	8	6
1990	7	6
1989	8	7
1988	7	7
1987	7	7
1986	7	7
1985	7	6

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 12 deaths per 100,000 live births in Canada, compared to 3 deaths in Spain.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Canada

Spain

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Canada	Spain
2023	0.51%	0.31%
2022	0.51%	0.31%
2021	0.51%	0.31%
2020	0.51%	0.32%
2019	0.51%	0.32%
2018	0.52%	0.32%
2017	0.52%	0.32%
2016	0.53%	0.33%
2015	0.54%	0.33%
2014	0.54%	0.34%
2013	0.55%	0.35%
2012	0.56%	0.36%
2011	0.56%	0.37%
2010	0.57%	0.38%
2009	0.58%	0.4%
2008	0.59%	0.42%
2007	0.6%	0.44%
2006	0.6%	0.45%
2005	0.61%	0.47%
2004	0.61%	0.49%
2003	0.62%	0.5%
2002	0.62%	0.51%
2001	0.62%	0.53%
2000	0.62%	0.54%
1999	0.63%	0.56%
1998	0.64%	0.58%
1997	0.65%	0.61%
1996	0.67%	0.65%
1995	0.69%	0.69%
1994	0.72%	0.74%
1993	0.74%	0.79%
1992	0.77%	0.83%
1991	0.8%	0.88%
1990	0.82%	0.92%
1989	0.85%	0.95%
1988	0.88%	0.99%
1987	0.91%	1.03%
1986	0.94%	1.07%
1985	0.98%	1.11%
1984	1.01%	1.17%
1983	1.06%	1.23%
1982	1.12%	1.3%
1981	1.18%	1.38%
1980	1.25%	1.49%
1979	1.33%	1.61%
1978	1.42%	1.74%
1977	1.51%	1.87%
1976	1.6%	2.02%
1975	1.7%	2.17%
1974	1.79%	2.33%
1973	1.89%	2.52%
1972	1.99%	2.72%
1971	2.09%	2.94%
1970	2.19%	3.16%
1969	2.3%	3.39%
1968	2.4%	3.61%
1967	2.5%	3.83%
1966	2.6%	4.03%
1965	2.71%	4.23%
1964	2.82%	4.45%
1963	2.94%	4.68%
1962	3.05%	4.94%
1961	3.15%	5.2%
1960	3.26%	5.47%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.51% in Canada and 0.31% in Spain. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.