Fertility & birth rates in Russia and Spain

Fertility rate in Russia vs Spain by year

Chart Table

Russia

Spain

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Russia	Spain
2023	1.41	1.12
2022	1.42	1.16
2021	1.51	1.18
2020	1.51	1.18
2019	1.5	1.23
2018	1.58	1.26
2017	1.62	1.31
2016	1.76	1.33
2015	1.78	1.33
2014	1.75	1.32
2013	1.71	1.27
2012	1.69	1.32
2011	1.58	1.34
2010	1.57	1.37
2009	1.54	1.38
2008	1.5	1.45
2007	1.42	1.38
2006	1.31	1.36
2005	1.29	1.33
2004	1.34	1.31
2003	1.32	1.3
2002	1.29	1.25
2001	1.22	1.23
2000	1.2	1.22
1999	1.16	1.17
1998	1.23	1.13
1997	1.22	1.15
1996	1.27	1.14
1995	1.34	1.16
1994	1.4	1.19
1993	1.39	1.26
1992	1.55	1.31
1991	1.73	1.33
1990	1.89	1.36
1989	2.01	1.4
1988	2.12	1.45
1987	2.22	1.49
1986	2.15	1.56
1985	2.05	1.64
1984	2.06	1.73
1983	2.11	1.8
1982	2.04	1.94
1981	1.91	2.04
1980	1.89	2.22
1979	1.9	2.37
1978	1.92	2.54
1977	1.95	2.65
1976	1.97	2.77
1975	1.98	2.77
1974	2	2.88
1973	2.01	2.84
1972	2.04	2.87
1971	2.03	2.9
1970	1.99	2.84
1969	1.97	2.86
1968	1.99	2.87
1967	2.04	2.94
1966	2.1	2.91
1965	2.13	2.94
1964	2.18	3.01
1963	2.27	2.88
1962	2.36	2.8
1961	2.45	2.77
1960	2.52	2.86

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Russia was 1.41 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.12 in Spain in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Russia vs Spain population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Russia

Spain

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Russia	Spain
2023	-503,392	-111,211
2022	-576,948	-133,801
2021	-1,027,702	-113,865
2020	-697,177	-151,551
2019	-319,997	-56,542
2018	-232,637	-56,139
2017	-130,764	-32,600
2016	0	0
2015	43,392	-4,642
2014	28,848	32,522
2013	28,761	37,284
2012	0	51,450
2011	-128,716	84,137
2010	-242,844	102,469
2009	-257,014	106,635
2008	-356,856	133,267
2007	-471,257	108,545
2006	-686,638	110,994
2005	-846,761	78,576
2004	-792,370	85,844
2003	-896,822	54,844
2002	-944,492	53,861
2001	-963,445	44,936
2000	-967,540	36,512
1999	-927,453	8,077
1998	-694,053	4,022
1997	-769,159	20,028
1996	-785,248	11,967
1995	-845,742	15,889
1994	-920,129	31,639
1993	-757,140	47,234
1992	-222,808	62,652
1991	103,876	58,450
1990	325,533	66,075
1989	576,112	81,538
1988	778,343	100,794
1987	977,583	116,054
1986	985,279	131,188
1985	762,447	146,184
1984	756,548	172,487
1983	906,676	183,223
1982	830,855	231,714
1981	713,700	237,879
1980	681,149	281,184
1979	690,135	312,407
1978	812,766	339,157
1977	832,932	361,465
1976	852,237	375,834
1975	843,850	371,882
1974	883,186	396,182
1973	846,561	374,381
1972	872,050	391,030
1971	854,999	369,625
1970	785,554	378,723
1969	753,088	367,851
1968	787,621	387,423
1967	854,554	402,001
1966	989,279	397,084
1965	1,059,335	405,819
1964	1,233,520	429,885
1963	1,436,077	394,338
1962	1,573,701	384,690
1961	1,810,538	396,537
1960	1,962,834	398,960

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.35% in Russia and -0.23% in Spain.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.24% in Russia and -0.13% in Spain.

Birth rate in Russia vs Spain by year

Chart Table

Russia

Spain

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Russia	Spain
2023	8.6	6.7
2022	8.9	6.9
2021	9.6	7.1
2020	9.8	7.2
2019	10.1	7.6
2018	10.9	7.9
2017	11.5	8.4
2016	12.9	8.8
2015	13.3	9
2014	13.3	9.2
2013	13.2	9.1
2012	13.3	9.7
2011	12.6	10.1
2010	12.5	10.4
2009	12.3	10.6
2008	12	11.3
2007	11.3	10.9
2006	10.3	10.8
2005	10.2	10.6
2004	10.4	10.6
2003	10.2	10.4
2002	9.7	10.1
2001	9	9.9
2000	8.7	9.8
1999	8.3	9.4
1998	8.8	9.1
1997	8.6	9.2
1996	8.9	9.1
1995	9.3	9.1
1994	9.5	9.4
1993	9.4	9.8
1992	10.7	10.1
1991	12.1	10.2
1990	13.4	10.3
1989	14.6	10.5
1988	16	10.8
1987	17.2	11
1986	17.2	11.4
1985	16.6	11.9
1984	16.9	12.3
1983	17.5	12.7
1982	16.6	13.6
1981	16	14.1
1980	15.9	15.2
1979	15.8	16.2
1978	16.3	17.3
1977	16.3	18
1976	16.2	18.7
1975	16	18.7
1974	15.9	19.5
1973	15.4	19.2
1972	15.6	19.4
1971	15.3	19.6
1970	14.7	19.5
1969	14.3	19.9
1968	14.2	20.1
1967	14.6	20.7
1966	15.4	20.7
1965	15.9	21.1
1964	17.2	22
1963	19	21.4
1962	20.5	21.1
1961	22.5	21.2
1960	23.9	21.7

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8.6 in Russia and 6.7 in Spain, compared with 23.9 and 21.7, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Russia

Factual

UN forecast

Spain

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Russia	Spain
2100	14.2%	11.6%
2099	14.3%	11.6%
2098	14.3%	11.7%
2097	14.4%	11.7%
2096	14.5%	11.7%
2095	14.5%	11.8%
2094	14.6%	11.8%
2093	14.7%	11.9%
2092	14.8%	11.9%
2091	14.9%	11.9%
2090	15%	12%
2089	15.1%	12%
2088	15.2%	12%
2087	15.2%	12.1%
2086	15.2%	12.1%
2085	15.3%	12.1%
2084	15.3%	12%
2083	15.2%	12%
2082	15.2%	12%
2081	15.2%	11.9%
2080	15.1%	11.9%
2079	15%	11.8%
2078	14.9%	11.7%
2077	14.8%	11.6%
2076	14.7%	11.6%
2075	14.6%	11.5%
2074	14.5%	11.4%
2073	14.4%	11.3%
2072	14.3%	11.2%
2071	14.3%	11.2%
2070	14.3%	11.1%
2069	14.2%	11.1%
2068	14.3%	11%
2067	14.3%	11%
2066	14.4%	11%
2065	14.5%	11%
2064	14.6%	11%
2063	14.7%	11.1%
2062	14.9%	11.1%
2061	15.1%	11.2%
2060	15.2%	11.2%
2059	15.4%	11.3%
2058	15.5%	11.4%
2057	15.6%	11.4%
2056	15.7%	11.5%
2055	15.8%	11.5%
2054	15.8%	11.5%
2053	15.8%	11.5%
2052	15.8%	11.5%
2051	15.7%	11.5%
2050	15.6%	11.5%
2049	15.5%	11.4%
2048	15.3%	11.4%
2047	15.1%	11.3%
2046	14.9%	11.2%
2045	14.7%	11.1%
2044	14.5%	11.1%
2043	14.3%	11%
2042	14.1%	10.9%
2041	13.9%	10.9%
2040	13.8%	10.8%
2039	13.7%	10.8%
2038	13.6%	10.7%
2037	13.6%	10.7%
2036	13.6%	10.7%
2035	13.7%	10.7%
2034	13.9%	10.8%
2033	14.1%	10.9%
2032	14.4%	11.1%
2031	14.8%	11.3%
2030	15.3%	11.5%
2029	15.7%	11.7%
2028	16.1%	11.9%
2027	16.6%	12.2%
2026	16.9%	12.5%
2025	17.2%	12.8%
2024	17.3%	12.9%
2023	17.5%	13.3%
2022	17.7%	13.6%
2021	17.7%	13.9%
2020	17.7%	14.2%
2019	17.6%	14.4%
2018	17.6%	14.7%
2017	17.5%	14.8%
2016	17.2%	14.9%
2015	16.9%	15%
2014	16.5%	15.1%
2013	16.1%	15.1%
2012	15.7%	15.1%
2011	15.4%	15%
2010	15.2%	14.9%
2009	15%	14.8%
2008	14.9%	14.7%
2007	14.8%	14.6%
2006	14.9%	14.5%
2005	15.2%	14.5%
2004	15.6%	14.5%
2003	16%	14.5%
2002	16.6%	14.6%
2001	17.3%	14.7%
2000	18%	14.8%
1999	18.8%	15%
1998	19.5%	15.3%
1997	20.2%	15.7%
1996	20.7%	16.1%
1995	21.2%	16.6%
1994	21.6%	17.2%
1993	22%	17.8%
1992	22.4%	18.4%
1991	22.7%	19.1%
1990	22.9%	19.8%
1989	23%	20.5%
1988	23%	21.2%
1987	22.9%	21.9%
1986	22.8%	22.5%
1985	22.6%	23.2%
1984	22.4%	23.8%
1983	22.1%	24.4%
1982	21.9%	24.9%
1981	21.7%	25.5%
1980	21.7%	26%
1979	21.7%	26.4%
1978	21.8%	26.8%
1977	22.1%	27%
1976	22.5%	27.2%
1975	23%	27.3%
1974	23.6%	27.5%
1973	24.2%	27.7%
1972	24.8%	27.8%
1971	25.4%	27.8%
1970	26.1%	27.9%
1969	26.9%	27.8%
1968	27.6%	27.8%
1967	28.3%	27.7%
1966	28.9%	27.6%
1965	29.5%	27.5%
1964	30.2%	27.4%
1963	30.6%	27.4%
1962	30.8%	27.4%
1961	30.9%	27.4%
1960	30.5%	27.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 17.3% of the population in Russia and 12.9% in Spain in 2024, compared to 22.9% and 19.8% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Russia and Spain compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Russia vs Spain

Chart Table

Russia

Spain

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Russia	Spain
2023	9	3
2022	13	4
2021	21	4
2020	19	4
2019	12	3
2018	12	3
2017	12	3
2016	14	3
2015	15	4
2014	16	4
2013	16	4
2012	18	4
2011	19	4
2010	23	4
2009	24	4
2008	27	4
2007	29	4
2006	32	4
2005	38	5
2004	41	5
2003	45	4
2002	47	5
2001	48	5
2000	51	5
1999	53	5
1998	53	5
1997	59	5
1996	69	6
1995	82	6
1994	85	6
1993	76	6
1992	62	6
1991	57	6
1990	58	6
1989	61	7
1988	63	7
1987	65	7
1986	69	7
1985	81	6

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 9 deaths per 100,000 live births in Russia, compared to 3 deaths in Spain.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Russia

Spain

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Russia	Spain
2023	0.45%	0.31%
2022	0.47%	0.31%
2021	0.51%	0.31%
2020	0.54%	0.32%
2019	0.58%	0.32%
2018	0.63%	0.32%
2017	0.69%	0.32%
2016	0.75%	0.33%
2015	0.82%	0.33%
2014	0.89%	0.34%
2013	0.95%	0.35%
2012	0.99%	0.36%
2011	1.02%	0.37%
2010	1.04%	0.38%
2009	1.07%	0.4%
2008	1.13%	0.42%
2007	1.2%	0.44%
2006	1.29%	0.45%
2005	1.39%	0.47%
2004	1.5%	0.49%
2003	1.61%	0.5%
2002	1.73%	0.51%
2001	1.84%	0.53%
2000	1.94%	0.54%
1999	2.02%	0.56%
1998	2.08%	0.58%
1997	2.13%	0.61%
1996	2.17%	0.65%
1995	2.2%	0.69%
1994	2.2%	0.74%
1993	2.19%	0.79%
1992	2.17%	0.83%
1991	2.16%	0.88%
1990	2.17%	0.92%
1989	2.2%	0.95%
1988	2.26%	0.99%
1987	2.34%	1.03%
1986	2.42%	1.07%
1985	2.5%	1.11%
1984	2.56%	1.17%
1983	2.62%	1.23%
1982	2.66%	1.3%
1981	2.7%	1.38%
1980	2.73%	1.49%
1979	2.75%	1.61%
1978	2.76%	1.74%
1977	2.76%	1.87%
1976	2.76%	2.02%
1975	2.76%	2.17%
1974	2.77%	2.33%
1973	2.78%	2.52%
1972	2.81%	2.72%
1971	2.84%	2.94%
1970	2.88%	3.16%
1969	2.94%	3.39%
1968	3.02%	3.61%
1967	3.11%	3.83%
1966	3.23%	4.03%
1965	3.38%	4.23%
1964	3.55%	4.45%
1963	3.76%	4.68%
1962	3.99%	4.94%
1961	4.26%	5.2%
1960	4.55%	5.47%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.45% in Russia and 0.31% in Spain. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.