Fertility & birth rates in Spain and Turkey

Fertility rate in Spain vs Turkey by year

Chart Table

Spain

Turkey

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Spain	Turkey
2023	1.12	1.51
2022	1.16	1.63
2021	1.18	1.71
2020	1.18	1.77
2019	1.23	1.89
2018	1.26	2
2017	1.31	2.08
2016	1.33	2.11
2015	1.33	2.16
2014	1.32	2.19
2013	1.27	2.11
2012	1.32	2.11
2011	1.34	2.05
2010	1.37	2.08
2009	1.38	2.1
2008	1.45	2.15
2007	1.38	2.16
2006	1.36	2.19
2005	1.33	2.2
2004	1.31	2.2
2003	1.3	2.2
2002	1.25	2.27
2001	1.23	2.39
2000	1.22	2.49
1999	1.17	2.63
1998	1.13	2.71
1997	1.15	2.74
1996	1.14	2.78
1995	1.16	2.84
1994	1.19	2.87
1993	1.26	2.92
1992	1.31	2.94
1991	1.33	3
1990	1.36	3.11
1989	1.4	3.34
1988	1.45	3.45
1987	1.49	3.54
1986	1.56	3.66
1985	1.64	3.78
1984	1.73	3.91
1983	1.8	4.06
1982	1.94	4.21
1981	2.04	4.35
1980	2.22	4.45
1979	2.37	4.58
1978	2.54	4.69
1977	2.65	4.78
1976	2.77	4.93
1975	2.77	5.09
1974	2.88	5.24
1973	2.84	5.41
1972	2.87	5.55
1971	2.9	5.67
1970	2.84	5.78
1969	2.86	5.87
1968	2.87	5.96
1967	2.94	6.06
1966	2.91	6.15
1965	2.94	6.22
1964	3.01	6.29
1963	2.88	6.34
1962	2.8	6.38
1961	2.77	6.42
1960	2.86	6.38

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Spain was 1.12 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.51 in Turkey in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Spain vs Turkey population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Spain

Turkey

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Spain	Turkey
2023	-111,211	426,630
2022	-133,801	535,373
2021	-113,865	521,713
2020	-151,551	608,708
2019	-56,542	751,472
2018	-56,139	830,353
2017	-32,600	875,408
2016	0	895,841
2015	-4,642	930,799
2014	32,522	957,055
2013	37,284	921,386
2012	51,450	917,145
2011	84,137	875,839
2010	102,469	892,334
2009	106,635	900,491
2008	133,267	868,749
2007	108,545	876,626
2006	110,994	897,351
2005	78,576	898,650
2004	85,844	896,025
2003	54,844	893,683
2002	53,861	922,927
2001	44,936	980,560
2000	36,512	1,020,515
1999	8,077	1,063,312
1998	4,022	1,103,242
1997	20,028	1,099,738
1996	11,967	1,091,827
1995	15,889	1,090,630
1994	31,639	1,078,208
1993	47,234	1,064,168
1992	62,652	1,039,125
1991	58,450	1,041,229
1990	66,075	1,044,467
1989	81,538	1,094,036
1988	100,794	1,101,266
1987	116,054	1,099,042
1986	131,188	1,102,660
1985	146,184	1,098,846
1984	172,487	1,096,529
1983	183,223	1,095,106
1982	231,714	1,091,863
1981	237,879	1,100,082
1980	281,184	1,090,538
1979	312,407	1,076,707
1978	339,157	1,054,863
1977	361,465	1,023,779
1976	375,834	1,009,999
1975	371,882	1,012,904
1974	396,182	1,020,053
1973	374,381	1,025,675
1972	391,030	1,023,781
1971	369,625	1,014,165
1970	378,723	991,950
1969	367,851	970,958
1968	387,423	950,778
1967	402,001	936,727
1966	397,084	925,790
1965	405,819	904,016
1964	429,885	884,152
1963	394,338	862,626
1962	384,690	837,473
1961	396,537	816,911
1960	398,960	773,009

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.23% in Spain and +0.5% in Turkey.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.13% in Spain and +0.91% in Turkey.

Birth rate in Spain vs Turkey by year

Chart Table

Spain

Turkey

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Spain	Turkey
2023	6.7	11.2
2022	6.9	12.2
2021	7.1	12.9
2020	7.2	13.4
2019	7.6	14.4
2018	7.9	15.4
2017	8.4	16.2
2016	8.8	16.6
2015	9	17.1
2014	9.2	17.5
2013	9.1	17
2012	9.7	17.2
2011	10.1	16.9
2010	10.4	17.2
2009	10.6	17.6
2008	11.3	18.2
2007	10.9	18.4
2006	10.8	18.7
2005	10.6	18.8
2004	10.6	18.9
2003	10.4	18.9
2002	10.1	19.5
2001	9.9	20.6
2000	9.8	21.4
1999	9.4	22.6
1998	9.1	23.3
1997	9.2	23.5
1996	9.1	23.7
1995	9.1	24.1
1994	9.4	24.3
1993	9.8	24.4
1992	10.1	24.4
1991	10.2	24.9
1990	10.3	25.5
1989	10.5	26.9
1988	10.8	27.7
1987	11	28.3
1986	11.4	29
1985	11.9	29.7
1984	12.3	30.4
1983	12.7	31.2
1982	13.6	32
1981	14.1	33.1
1980	15.2	33.7
1979	16.2	34.2
1978	17.3	34.5
1977	18	34.7
1976	18.7	35.3
1975	18.7	36.2
1974	19.5	37.3
1973	19.2	38.4
1972	19.4	39.3
1971	19.6	40.1
1970	19.5	40.6
1969	19.9	41
1968	20.1	41.5
1967	20.7	42.1
1966	20.7	42.9
1965	21.1	43.4
1964	22	43.9
1963	21.4	44.3
1962	21.1	44.7
1961	21.2	45.2
1960	21.7	45

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 6.7 in Spain and 11.2 in Turkey, compared with 21.7 and 45, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Spain

Factual

UN forecast

Turkey

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Spain	Turkey
2100	11.6%	11%
2099	11.6%	11%
2098	11.7%	11.1%
2097	11.7%	11.1%
2096	11.7%	11.2%
2095	11.8%	11.2%
2094	11.8%	11.3%
2093	11.9%	11.4%
2092	11.9%	11.4%
2091	11.9%	11.5%
2090	12%	11.6%
2089	12%	11.6%
2088	12%	11.7%
2087	12.1%	11.7%
2086	12.1%	11.8%
2085	12.1%	11.8%
2084	12%	11.9%
2083	12%	11.9%
2082	12%	11.9%
2081	11.9%	11.9%
2080	11.9%	11.9%
2079	11.8%	12%
2078	11.7%	12%
2077	11.6%	12%
2076	11.6%	12%
2075	11.5%	12%
2074	11.4%	12%
2073	11.3%	12%
2072	11.2%	12.1%
2071	11.2%	12.1%
2070	11.1%	12.2%
2069	11.1%	12.2%
2068	11%	12.3%
2067	11%	12.4%
2066	11%	12.5%
2065	11%	12.7%
2064	11%	12.8%
2063	11.1%	13%
2062	11.1%	13.1%
2061	11.2%	13.3%
2060	11.2%	13.5%
2059	11.3%	13.7%
2058	11.4%	13.8%
2057	11.4%	14%
2056	11.5%	14.2%
2055	11.5%	14.3%
2054	11.5%	14.5%
2053	11.5%	14.6%
2052	11.5%	14.7%
2051	11.5%	14.9%
2050	11.5%	15%
2049	11.4%	15.1%
2048	11.4%	15.2%
2047	11.3%	15.3%
2046	11.2%	15.4%
2045	11.1%	15.5%
2044	11.1%	15.6%
2043	11%	15.7%
2042	10.9%	15.8%
2041	10.9%	15.9%
2040	10.8%	16%
2039	10.8%	16.1%
2038	10.7%	16.3%
2037	10.7%	16.4%
2036	10.7%	16.6%
2035	10.7%	16.9%
2034	10.8%	17.2%
2033	10.9%	17.6%
2032	11.1%	18%
2031	11.3%	18.4%
2030	11.5%	18.9%
2029	11.7%	19.4%
2028	11.9%	19.9%
2027	12.2%	20.3%
2026	12.5%	20.8%
2025	12.8%	21.2%
2024	12.9%	21.4%
2023	13.3%	21.8%
2022	13.6%	22.2%
2021	13.9%	22.5%
2020	14.2%	22.8%
2019	14.4%	23%
2018	14.7%	23.1%
2017	14.8%	23.3%
2016	14.9%	23.6%
2015	15%	23.9%
2014	15.1%	24.3%
2013	15.1%	24.7%
2012	15.1%	25.1%
2011	15%	25.5%
2010	14.9%	25.9%
2009	14.8%	26.3%
2008	14.7%	26.7%
2007	14.6%	27.1%
2006	14.5%	27.5%
2005	14.5%	27.9%
2004	14.5%	28.3%
2003	14.5%	28.7%
2002	14.6%	29.2%
2001	14.7%	29.7%
2000	14.8%	30.2%
1999	15%	30.8%
1998	15.3%	31.4%
1997	15.7%	32%
1996	16.1%	32.6%
1995	16.6%	33.2%
1994	17.2%	33.8%
1993	17.8%	34.3%
1992	18.4%	34.8%
1991	19.1%	35.3%
1990	19.8%	35.8%
1989	20.5%	36.3%
1988	21.2%	36.7%
1987	21.9%	37.2%
1986	22.5%	37.6%
1985	23.2%	38.1%
1984	23.8%	38.5%
1983	24.4%	38.9%
1982	24.9%	39.3%
1981	25.5%	39.6%
1980	26%	39.8%
1979	26.4%	40.1%
1978	26.8%	40.4%
1977	27%	40.7%
1976	27.2%	41.1%
1975	27.3%	41.5%
1974	27.5%	41.8%
1973	27.7%	42.1%
1972	27.8%	42.3%
1971	27.8%	42.5%
1970	27.9%	42.7%
1969	27.8%	42.8%
1968	27.8%	42.9%
1967	27.7%	42.9%
1966	27.6%	42.8%
1965	27.5%	42.8%
1964	27.4%	42.7%
1963	27.4%	42.5%
1962	27.4%	42.4%
1961	27.4%	42.2%
1960	27.4%	42%

Children aged 0-14 make up 12.9% of the population in Spain and 21.4% in Turkey in 2024, compared to 19.8% and 35.8% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Spain and Turkey compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Spain vs Turkey

Chart Table

Spain

Turkey

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Spain	Turkey
2023	3	15
2022	4	21
2021	4	20
2020	4	19
2019	3	17
2018	3	17
2017	3	18
2016	3	19
2015	4	19
2014	4	20
2013	4	20
2012	4	21
2011	4	23
2010	4	23
2009	4	23
2008	4	24
2007	4	25
2006	4	26
2005	5	27
2004	5	28
2003	4	29
2002	5	30
2001	5	31
2000	5	32
1999	5	34
1998	5	34
1997	5	35
1996	6	36
1995	6	37
1994	6	38
1993	6	39
1992	6	40
1991	6	41
1990	6	42
1989	7	44
1988	7	47
1987	7	50
1986	7	53
1985	6	56

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 3 deaths per 100,000 live births in Spain, compared to 15 deaths in Turkey.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Spain

Turkey

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Spain	Turkey
2023	0.31%	1.28%
2022	0.31%	0.96%
2021	0.31%	1.01%
2020	0.32%	1.05%
2019	0.32%	1.1%
2018	0.32%	1.15%
2017	0.32%	1.2%
2016	0.33%	1.26%
2015	0.33%	1.33%
2014	0.34%	1.4%
2013	0.35%	1.49%
2012	0.36%	1.58%
2011	0.37%	1.68%
2010	0.38%	1.79%
2009	0.4%	1.92%
2008	0.42%	2.06%
2007	0.44%	2.21%
2006	0.45%	2.38%
2005	0.47%	2.57%
2004	0.49%	2.77%
2003	0.5%	2.99%
2002	0.51%	3.22%
2001	0.53%	3.47%
2000	0.54%	3.74%
1999	0.56%	4.03%
1998	0.58%	4.33%
1997	0.61%	4.66%
1996	0.65%	5%
1995	0.69%	5.35%
1994	0.74%	5.73%
1993	0.79%	6.11%
1992	0.83%	6.52%
1991	0.88%	6.95%
1990	0.92%	7.38%
1989	0.95%	7.83%
1988	0.99%	8.29%
1987	1.03%	8.77%
1986	1.07%	9.27%
1985	1.11%	9.79%
1984	1.17%	10.3%
1983	1.23%	10.9%
1982	1.3%	11.5%
1981	1.38%	12.1%
1980	1.49%	12.7%
1979	1.61%	13.3%
1978	1.74%	13.9%
1977	1.87%	14.5%
1976	2.02%	15.1%
1975	2.17%	15.7%
1974	2.33%	16.3%
1973	2.52%	16.9%
1972	2.72%	17.5%
1971	2.94%	18%
1970	3.16%	18.6%
1969	3.39%	19.2%
1968	3.61%	19.7%
1967	3.83%	20.4%
1966	4.03%	21%
1965	4.23%	21.7%
1964	4.45%	22.5%
1963	4.68%	23.3%
1962	4.94%	24.1%
1961	5.2%	25%
1960	5.47%	25.8%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.31% in Spain and 1.28% in Turkey. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.