Fertility & birth rates in Portugal and Sao Tome and Principe

Fertility rate in Portugal vs Sao Tome and Principe by year

Chart Table

Portugal

Sao Tome and Principe

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Portugal	Sao Tome
2023	1.44	3.64
2022	1.43	3.7
2021	1.35	3.76
2020	1.42	3.83
2019	1.44	3.9
2018	1.42	3.98
2017	1.38	4.07
2016	1.37	4.2
2015	1.31	4.35
2014	1.24	4.49
2013	1.21	4.58
2012	1.28	4.66
2011	1.35	4.72
2010	1.39	4.77
2009	1.34	4.84
2008	1.39	4.91
2007	1.35	4.96
2006	1.37	4.93
2005	1.41	4.94
2004	1.4	4.96
2003	1.44	5.01
2002	1.46	5.06
2001	1.45	5.1
2000	1.55	5.16
1999	1.5	5.23
1998	1.47	5.3
1997	1.47	5.4
1996	1.44	5.47
1995	1.41	5.55
1994	1.45	5.56
1993	1.52	5.64
1992	1.54	5.7
1991	1.56	5.77
1990	1.56	5.83
1989	1.57	5.88
1988	1.61	5.94
1987	1.62	5.99
1986	1.66	6.05
1985	1.72	6.1
1984	1.9	6.16
1983	1.95	6.22
1982	2.07	6.28
1981	2.13	6.33
1980	2.25	6.39
1979	2.31	6.43
1978	2.45	6.47
1977	2.69	6.5
1976	2.82	6.52
1975	2.75	6.53
1974	2.7	6.53
1973	2.77	6.53
1972	2.86	6.51
1971	3	6.49
1970	3.01	6.47
1969	3.12	6.44
1968	3.12	6.42
1967	3.16	6.39
1966	3.16	6.37
1965	3.15	6.35
1964	3.21	6.33
1963	3.12	6.31
1962	3.23	6.28
1961	3.21	6.26
1960	3.16	6.24

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Portugal was 1.44 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.64 in Sao Tome and Principe in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Portugal vs Sao Tome and Principe population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Portugal

Sao Tome and Principe

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Portugal	Sao Tome
2023	-32,792	5,221
2022	-40,694	5,102
2021	-45,592	4,954
2020	-39,129	4,874
2019	-24,687	4,932
2018	-25,709	4,957
2017	-23,691	5,007
2016	-23,749	5,125
2015	-23,823	5,269
2014	-22,882	5,381
2013	-24,052	5,449
2012	-17,875	5,501
2011	-5,279	5,445
2010	-4,230	5,391
2009	-5,284	5,349
2008	0	5,297
2007	-1,055	5,226
2006	3,156	5,057
2005	2,101	4,897
2004	7,339	4,810
2003	4,184	4,702
2002	8,335	4,591
2001	8,290	4,471
2000	15,435	4,334
1999	8,175	4,221
1998	7,112	4,120
1997	8,087	4,041
1996	4,026	3,993
1995	4,011	3,948
1994	9,991	3,860
1993	7,972	3,841
1992	13,933	3,822
1991	12,948	3,801
1990	13,976	3,719
1989	22,011	3,576
1988	24,047	3,544
1987	28,084	3,440
1986	31,102	3,180
1985	33,077	3,242
1984	45,983	3,163
1983	47,798	3,100
1982	58,479	3,047
1981	56,152	3,015
1980	63,481	2,965
1979	67,628	2,893
1978	70,731	2,800
1977	84,156	2,705
1976	85,138	2,608
1975	81,841	2,515
1974	74,412	2,422
1973	76,835	2,329
1972	83,715	2,232
1971	82,980	2,127
1970	87,672	1,980
1969	89,329	1,862
1968	100,737	1,767
1967	106,495	1,693
1966	107,171	1,642
1965	115,182	1,611
1964	120,170	1,600
1963	113,783	1,609
1962	123,217	1,625
1961	117,867	1,657
1960	118,693	1,547

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.31% in Portugal and +2.26% in Sao Tome and Principe.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.29% in Portugal and +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe.

Birth rate in Portugal vs Sao Tome and Principe by year

Chart Table

Portugal

Sao Tome and Principe

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Portugal	Sao Tome
2023	8.1	28.2
2022	8	28.3
2021	7.6	28.5
2020	8.1	28.6
2019	8.4	29.2
2018	8.4	29.8
2017	8.3	30.6
2016	8.4	31.7
2015	8.2	33
2014	7.9	34.3
2013	7.9	35.4
2012	8.5	36.4
2011	9.2	36.8
2010	9.6	37.3
2009	9.4	37.9
2008	9.9	38.5
2007	9.7	38.9
2006	10	38.9
2005	10.4	39
2004	10.4	39.2
2003	10.8	39.6
2002	11	39.8
2001	10.9	40
2000	11.7	39.7
1999	11.4	39.4
1998	11.2	39.2
1997	11.2	39.2
1996	11	39.3
1995	10.7	39.5
1994	10.9	39.4
1993	11.4	39.8
1992	11.5	40.2
1991	11.7	40.7
1990	11.7	40.7
1989	11.8	40.9
1988	12.2	40.9
1987	12.3	41
1986	12.6	41
1985	13	41
1984	14.3	41.1
1983	14.5	41.2
1982	15.2	41.3
1981	15.4	41.5
1980	16.2	41.6
1979	16.6	41.6
1978	17.5	41.4
1977	19.1	41.3
1976	20	41.1
1975	19.8	40.9
1974	19.6	40.6
1973	20	40.3
1972	20.2	39.9
1971	21	39.5
1970	20.8	38.8
1969	21.7	38.2
1968	22.1	37.8
1967	22.8	37.7
1966	23.2	38
1965	23.4	38.6
1964	24	39.7
1963	23.5	41.1
1962	24.5	42.7
1961	24.4	44.6
1960	24.1	44.6

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8.1 in Portugal and 28.2 in Sao Tome and Principe, compared with 24.1 and 44.6, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Portugal

Factual

UN forecast

Sao Tome and Principe

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Portugal	Sao Tome
2100	13.8%	19.5%
2099	13.8%	19.6%
2098	13.8%	19.8%
2097	13.8%	19.9%
2096	13.9%	20%
2095	13.9%	20.2%
2094	13.9%	20.3%
2093	14%	20.4%
2092	14%	20.6%
2091	14%	20.7%
2090	14.1%	20.9%
2089	14.1%	21.1%
2088	14.1%	21.2%
2087	14.1%	21.4%
2086	14.2%	21.6%
2085	14.2%	21.8%
2084	14.2%	22%
2083	14.2%	22.2%
2082	14.2%	22.4%
2081	14.2%	22.6%
2080	14.2%	22.9%
2079	14.2%	23.1%
2078	14.2%	23.3%
2077	14.1%	23.5%
2076	14.1%	23.7%
2075	14.1%	24%
2074	14%	24.2%
2073	14%	24.4%
2072	13.9%	24.6%
2071	13.9%	24.8%
2070	13.8%	25%
2069	13.8%	25.2%
2068	13.7%	25.4%
2067	13.7%	25.6%
2066	13.6%	25.9%
2065	13.6%	26.1%
2064	13.5%	26.3%
2063	13.5%	26.5%
2062	13.5%	26.8%
2061	13.5%	27%
2060	13.5%	27.3%
2059	13.5%	27.5%
2058	13.5%	27.8%
2057	13.5%	28.1%
2056	13.5%	28.4%
2055	13.5%	28.7%
2054	13.5%	29%
2053	13.5%	29.4%
2052	13.5%	29.7%
2051	13.5%	30.1%
2050	13.5%	30.4%
2049	13.5%	30.8%
2048	13.4%	31.1%
2047	13.4%	31.5%
2046	13.4%	31.8%
2045	13.3%	32.1%
2044	13.3%	32.5%
2043	13.2%	32.8%
2042	13.1%	33.1%
2041	13.1%	33.4%
2040	13%	33.6%
2039	13%	33.9%
2038	13%	34.1%
2037	12.9%	34.4%
2036	12.8%	34.6%
2035	12.8%	34.7%
2034	12.7%	34.9%
2033	12.7%	35.1%
2032	12.7%	35.3%
2031	12.7%	35.5%
2030	12.7%	35.8%
2029	12.6%	36.1%
2028	12.6%	36.6%
2027	12.6%	37%
2026	12.7%	37.3%
2025	12.8%	37.6%
2024	12.8%	37.8%
2023	12.9%	38.3%
2022	13%	38.8%
2021	13.1%	39.4%
2020	13.3%	39.9%
2019	13.5%	40.5%
2018	13.7%	40.9%
2017	13.9%	41.4%
2016	14.1%	41.7%
2015	14.3%	41.9%
2014	14.6%	42%
2013	14.8%	42%
2012	14.9%	42%
2011	15%	42%
2010	15.2%	42.1%
2009	15.4%	42.1%
2008	15.5%	42.1%
2007	15.6%	42%
2006	15.8%	42%
2005	15.9%	42%
2004	16%	42.1%
2003	16.1%	42.2%
2002	16.1%	42.3%
2001	16.2%	42.5%
2000	16.4%	42.8%
1999	16.6%	43.4%
1998	16.8%	43.9%
1997	17.1%	44.3%
1996	17.4%	44.7%
1995	17.8%	44.9%
1994	18.2%	45.1%
1993	18.6%	45.2%
1992	19.1%	45.2%
1991	19.7%	45.1%
1990	20.5%	45.1%
1989	21.2%	45%
1988	21.9%	45%
1987	22.5%	44.9%
1986	23.1%	44.7%
1985	23.7%	44.5%
1984	24.1%	44.4%
1983	24.5%	44.5%
1982	25%	44.5%
1981	25.4%	44.7%
1980	25.9%	44.9%
1979	26.4%	45.1%
1978	26.8%	45.2%
1977	27.1%	45.3%
1976	27.2%	45.4%
1975	27.4%	45.5%
1974	27.7%	45.6%
1973	27.9%	45.7%
1972	28.2%	45.9%
1971	28.4%	46.1%
1970	28.7%	46.2%
1969	29.1%	45.8%
1968	29.2%	44.9%
1967	29.2%	44%
1966	29.2%	42.9%
1965	29.1%	41.6%
1964	29.1%	40.2%
1963	29.1%	38.5%
1962	29.1%	36.6%
1961	29.1%	34.3%
1960	29.3%	32.9%

Children aged 0-14 make up 12.8% of the population in Portugal and 37.8% in Sao Tome and Principe in 2024, compared to 20.5% and 45.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Portugal and Sao Tome and Principe compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Portugal vs Sao Tome and Principe

Chart Table

Portugal

Sao Tome and Principe

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Portugal	Sao Tome
2023	15	75
2022	16	82
2021	19	98
2020	14	92
2019	15	95
2018	14	100
2017	13	110
2016	12	119
2015	11	128
2014	11	138
2013	10	150
2012	10	158
2011	10	164
2010	10	170
2009	9	172
2008	9	174
2007	8	174
2006	8	177
2005	8	181
2004	8	177
2003	8	178
2002	9	179
2001	9	178
2000	9	180
1999	10	179
1998	11	175
1997	12	173
1996	12	171
1995	12	172
1994	13	168
1993	15	166
1992	16	164
1991	17	166
1990	17	164
1989	18	167
1988	18	157
1987	19	161
1986	19	175
1985	20	159

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 15 deaths per 100,000 live births in Portugal, compared to 75 deaths in Sao Tome and Principe.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Portugal

Sao Tome and Principe

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Portugal	Sao Tome
2023	0.32%	1.39%
2022	0.32%	1.46%
2021	0.33%	1.53%
2020	0.34%	1.6%
2019	0.35%	1.7%
2018	0.35%	1.81%
2017	0.36%	1.95%
2016	0.36%	2.11%
2015	0.36%	2.31%
2014	0.36%	2.54%
2013	0.36%	2.77%
2012	0.37%	3.04%
2011	0.37%	3.33%
2010	0.38%	3.63%
2009	0.39%	3.95%
2008	0.4%	4.3%
2007	0.42%	4.68%
2006	0.44%	5.11%
2005	0.47%	5.56%
2004	0.5%	6.05%
2003	0.55%	6.57%
2002	0.61%	7.1%
2001	0.66%	7.66%
2000	0.72%	8.21%
1999	0.77%	8.76%
1998	0.82%	9.26%
1997	0.86%	9.73%
1996	0.92%	10.1%
1995	0.98%	10.4%
1994	1.05%	10.7%
1993	1.14%	10.8%
1992	1.25%	10.9%
1991	1.36%	10.9%
1990	1.47%	10.8%
1989	1.59%	10.7%
1988	1.7%	10.6%
1987	1.82%	10.4%
1986	1.93%	11.4%
1985	2.04%	9.99%
1984	2.16%	9.77%
1983	2.29%	9.56%
1982	2.43%	9.37%
1981	2.58%	9.21%
1980	2.75%	9.1%
1979	2.97%	9.02%
1978	3.24%	8.96%
1977	3.57%	8.93%
1976	3.94%	8.89%
1975	4.35%	8.85%
1974	4.79%	8.79%
1973	5.27%	8.73%
1972	5.78%	8.67%
1971	6.3%	8.63%
1970	6.81%	8.64%
1969	7.22%	8.71%
1968	7.51%	8.85%
1967	7.76%	9.04%
1966	8.09%	9.29%
1965	8.53%	9.56%
1964	9.1%	-
1963	9.76%	-
1962	10.4%	-
1961	11%	-
1960	11.4%	-

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.32% in Portugal and 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.