Fertility & birth rates in Papua New Guinea and Sao Tome and Principe

Fertility rate in Papua New Guinea vs Sao Tome and Principe by year

Chart Table

Papua New Guinea

Sao Tome and Principe

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Papua New Guinea	Sao Tome
2023	3.1	3.64
2022	3.17	3.7
2021	3.22	3.76
2020	3.27	3.83
2019	3.32	3.9
2018	3.38	3.98
2017	3.43	4.07
2016	3.5	4.2
2015	3.56	4.35
2014	3.63	4.49
2013	3.68	4.58
2012	3.75	4.66
2011	3.82	4.72
2010	3.88	4.77
2009	3.94	4.84
2008	4.01	4.91
2007	4.08	4.96
2006	4.15	4.93
2005	4.22	4.94
2004	4.28	4.96
2003	4.36	5.01
2002	4.42	5.06
2001	4.47	5.1
2000	4.53	5.16
1999	4.59	5.23
1998	4.63	5.3
1997	4.68	5.4
1996	4.73	5.47
1995	4.78	5.55
1994	4.87	5.56
1993	4.96	5.64
1992	5.03	5.7
1991	5.11	5.77
1990	5.18	5.83
1989	5.24	5.88
1988	5.3	5.94
1987	5.36	5.99
1986	5.42	6.05
1985	5.47	6.1
1984	5.51	6.16
1983	5.56	6.22
1982	5.59	6.28
1981	5.65	6.33
1980	5.71	6.39
1979	5.79	6.43
1978	5.88	6.47
1977	5.96	6.5
1976	6.02	6.52
1975	6.07	6.53
1974	6.11	6.53
1973	6.16	6.53
1972	6.2	6.51
1971	6.23	6.49
1970	6.25	6.47
1969	6.26	6.44
1968	6.25	6.42
1967	6.24	6.39
1966	6.23	6.37
1965	6.2	6.35
1964	6.19	6.33
1963	6.15	6.31
1962	6.14	6.28
1961	6.07	6.26
1960	6.02	6.24

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Papua New Guinea was 3.1 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.64 in Sao Tome and Principe in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Papua New Guinea vs Sao Tome and Principe population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Papua New Guinea

Sao Tome and Principe

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Papua New Guinea	Sao Tome
2023	187,637	5,221
2022	186,861	5,102
2021	183,766	4,954
2020	189,130	4,874
2019	190,662	4,932
2018	190,662	4,957
2017	189,715	5,007
2016	189,281	5,125
2015	188,600	5,269
2014	187,592	5,381
2013	185,790	5,449
2012	183,658	5,501
2011	181,842	5,445
2010	178,998	5,391
2009	175,421	5,349
2008	172,823	5,297
2007	169,306	5,226
2006	166,540	5,057
2005	163,888	4,897
2004	161,023	4,810
2003	158,611	4,702
2002	155,091	4,591
2001	151,431	4,471
2000	147,496	4,334
1999	143,592	4,221
1998	136,677	4,120
1997	134,458	4,041
1996	129,802	3,993
1995	125,410	3,948
1994	122,113	3,860
1993	118,668	3,841
1992	114,818	3,822
1991	111,453	3,801
1990	110,033	3,719
1989	108,199	3,576
1988	106,256	3,544
1987	104,367	3,440
1986	102,346	3,180
1985	100,333	3,242
1984	98,103	3,163
1983	95,982	3,100
1982	93,522	3,047
1981	91,767	3,015
1980	90,266	2,965
1979	89,330	2,893
1978	88,747	2,800
1977	87,954	2,705
1976	86,965	2,608
1975	85,809	2,515
1974	84,829	2,422
1973	83,821	2,329
1972	82,672	2,232
1971	80,599	2,127
1970	78,712	1,980
1969	76,454	1,862
1968	73,983	1,767
1967	71,519	1,693
1966	69,206	1,642
1965	66,693	1,611
1964	64,558	1,600
1963	62,260	1,609
1962	59,974	1,625
1961	58,151	1,657
1960	56,326	1,547

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +1.81% in Papua New Guinea and +2.26% in Sao Tome and Principe.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +2% in Papua New Guinea and +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe.

Birth rate in Papua New Guinea vs Sao Tome and Principe by year

Chart Table

Papua New Guinea

Sao Tome and Principe

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Papua New Guinea	Sao Tome
2023	24.6	28.2
2022	25.2	28.3
2021	25.6	28.5
2020	26.1	28.6
2019	26.5	29.2
2018	27	29.8
2017	27.4	30.6
2016	27.9	31.7
2015	28.4	33
2014	28.9	34.3
2013	29.4	35.4
2012	29.8	36.4
2011	30.3	36.8
2010	30.7	37.3
2009	31.1	37.9
2008	31.5	38.5
2007	31.9	38.9
2006	32.4	38.9
2005	32.8	39
2004	33.2	39.2
2003	33.7	39.6
2002	34	39.8
2001	34.2	40
2000	34.4	39.7
1999	34.7	39.4
1998	34.8	39.2
1997	34.8	39.2
1996	34.9	39.3
1995	35	39.5
1994	35.3	39.4
1993	35.6	39.8
1992	35.8	40.2
1991	36.1	40.7
1990	36.7	40.7
1989	37.1	40.9
1988	37.3	40.9
1987	37.4	41
1986	37.5	41
1985	37.7	41
1984	37.7	41.1
1983	37.8	41.2
1982	37.7	41.3
1981	37.9	41.5
1980	38.1	41.6
1979	38.7	41.6
1978	39.3	41.4
1977	39.9	41.3
1976	40.5	41.1
1975	41.1	40.9
1974	41.8	40.6
1973	42.6	40.3
1972	43.3	39.9
1971	43.7	39.5
1970	44	38.8
1969	44.2	38.2
1968	44.4	37.8
1967	44.5	37.7
1966	44.6	38
1965	44.6	38.6
1964	44.7	39.7
1963	44.7	41.1
1962	44.9	42.7
1961	44.9	44.6
1960	45.1	44.6

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 24.6 in Papua New Guinea and 28.2 in Sao Tome and Principe, compared with 45.1 and 44.6, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Papua New Guinea

Factual

UN forecast

Sao Tome and Principe

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Papua New Guinea	Sao Tome
2100	19%	19.5%
2099	19.1%	19.6%
2098	19.2%	19.8%
2097	19.3%	19.9%
2096	19.4%	20%
2095	19.5%	20.2%
2094	19.6%	20.3%
2093	19.7%	20.4%
2092	19.8%	20.6%
2091	19.9%	20.7%
2090	20%	20.9%
2089	20.1%	21.1%
2088	20.2%	21.2%
2087	20.4%	21.4%
2086	20.5%	21.6%
2085	20.6%	21.8%
2084	20.7%	22%
2083	20.8%	22.2%
2082	20.9%	22.4%
2081	21%	22.6%
2080	21.2%	22.9%
2079	21.3%	23.1%
2078	21.4%	23.3%
2077	21.5%	23.5%
2076	21.7%	23.7%
2075	21.8%	24%
2074	21.9%	24.2%
2073	22.1%	24.4%
2072	22.2%	24.6%
2071	22.4%	24.8%
2070	22.5%	25%
2069	22.7%	25.2%
2068	22.8%	25.4%
2067	23%	25.6%
2066	23.2%	25.9%
2065	23.3%	26.1%
2064	23.5%	26.3%
2063	23.7%	26.5%
2062	23.9%	26.8%
2061	24.1%	27%
2060	24.3%	27.3%
2059	24.5%	27.5%
2058	24.6%	27.8%
2057	24.8%	28.1%
2056	25%	28.4%
2055	25.2%	28.7%
2054	25.4%	29%
2053	25.6%	29.4%
2052	25.8%	29.7%
2051	26%	30.1%
2050	26.2%	30.4%
2049	26.4%	30.8%
2048	26.6%	31.1%
2047	26.8%	31.5%
2046	27%	31.8%
2045	27.2%	32.1%
2044	27.4%	32.5%
2043	27.6%	32.8%
2042	27.9%	33.1%
2041	28.1%	33.4%
2040	28.4%	33.6%
2039	28.7%	33.9%
2038	28.9%	34.1%
2037	29.2%	34.4%
2036	29.6%	34.6%
2035	29.9%	34.7%
2034	30.2%	34.9%
2033	30.6%	35.1%
2032	30.9%	35.3%
2031	31.2%	35.5%
2030	31.6%	35.8%
2029	31.9%	36.1%
2028	32.3%	36.6%
2027	32.6%	37%
2026	33%	37.3%
2025	33.3%	37.6%
2024	33.5%	37.8%
2023	33.8%	38.3%
2022	34.1%	38.8%
2021	34.4%	39.4%
2020	34.7%	39.9%
2019	35%	40.5%
2018	35.3%	40.9%
2017	35.6%	41.4%
2016	35.9%	41.7%
2015	36.2%	41.9%
2014	36.5%	42%
2013	36.7%	42%
2012	37%	42%
2011	37.2%	42%
2010	37.5%	42.1%
2009	37.7%	42.1%
2008	38%	42.1%
2007	38.3%	42%
2006	38.5%	42%
2005	38.8%	42%
2004	39%	42.1%
2003	39.3%	42.2%
2002	39.5%	42.3%
2001	39.8%	42.5%
2000	40%	42.8%
1999	40.2%	43.4%
1998	40.4%	43.9%
1997	40.6%	44.3%
1996	40.8%	44.7%
1995	41%	44.9%
1994	41.2%	45.1%
1993	41.5%	45.2%
1992	41.7%	45.2%
1991	41.9%	45.1%
1990	42.1%	45.1%
1989	42.3%	45%
1988	42.4%	45%
1987	42.4%	44.9%
1986	42.5%	44.7%
1985	42.6%	44.5%
1984	42.8%	44.4%
1983	42.9%	44.5%
1982	43%	44.5%
1981	43.2%	44.7%
1980	43.5%	44.9%
1979	44%	45.1%
1978	44.4%	45.2%
1977	44.9%	45.3%
1976	45.2%	45.4%
1975	45.5%	45.5%
1974	45.8%	45.6%
1973	45.9%	45.7%
1972	46%	45.9%
1971	46%	46.1%
1970	45.8%	46.2%
1969	45.6%	45.8%
1968	45.3%	44.9%
1967	45.1%	44%
1966	44.9%	42.9%
1965	44.6%	41.6%
1964	44.4%	40.2%
1963	44.2%	38.5%
1962	43.9%	36.6%
1961	43.7%	34.3%
1960	43.4%	32.9%

Children aged 0-14 make up 33.5% of the population in Papua New Guinea and 37.8% in Sao Tome and Principe in 2024, compared to 42.1% and 45.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Papua New Guinea and Sao Tome and Principe compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Papua New Guinea vs Sao Tome and Principe

Chart Table

Papua New Guinea

Sao Tome and Principe

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Papua New Guinea	Sao Tome
2023	189	75
2022	189	82
2021	223	98
2020	194	92
2019	199	95
2018	205	100
2017	207	110
2016	214	119
2015	221	128
2014	232	138
2013	243	150
2012	257	158
2011	271	164
2010	289	170
2009	302	172
2008	315	174
2007	326	174
2006	325	177
2005	326	181
2004	326	177
2003	328	178
2002	329	179
2001	325	178
2000	323	180
1999	321	179
1998	325	175
1997	316	173
1996	316	171
1995	318	172
1994	324	168
1993	333	166
1992	340	164
1991	354	166
1990	360	164
1989	369	167
1988	377	157
1987	379	161
1986	386	175
1985	393	159

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 189 deaths per 100,000 live births in Papua New Guinea, compared to 75 deaths in Sao Tome and Principe.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Papua New Guinea

Sao Tome and Principe

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Papua New Guinea	Sao Tome
2023	4.03%	1.39%
2022	4.17%	1.46%
2021	4.31%	1.53%
2020	4.45%	1.6%
2019	4.59%	1.7%
2018	4.72%	1.81%
2017	4.87%	1.95%
2016	5.02%	2.11%
2015	5.17%	2.31%
2014	5.3%	2.54%
2013	5.44%	2.77%
2012	5.59%	3.04%
2011	5.73%	3.33%
2010	5.88%	3.63%
2009	6.02%	3.95%
2008	6.16%	4.3%
2007	6.31%	4.68%
2006	6.44%	5.11%
2005	6.58%	5.56%
2004	6.71%	6.05%
2003	6.84%	6.57%
2002	6.96%	7.1%
2001	7.08%	7.66%
2000	7.19%	8.21%
1999	7.3%	8.76%
1998	7.41%	9.26%
1997	7.52%	9.73%
1996	7.64%	10.1%
1995	7.77%	10.4%
1994	7.89%	10.7%
1993	8.03%	10.8%
1992	8.17%	10.9%
1991	8.31%	10.9%
1990	8.47%	10.8%
1989	8.63%	10.7%
1988	8.78%	10.6%
1987	8.96%	10.4%
1986	9.12%	11.4%
1985	9.3%	9.99%
1984	9.5%	9.77%
1983	9.71%	9.56%
1982	9.94%	9.37%
1981	10.2%	9.21%
1980	10.4%	9.1%
1979	10.7%	9.02%
1978	11%	8.96%
1977	11.3%	8.93%
1976	11.7%	8.89%
1975	12.1%	8.85%
1974	12.4%	8.79%
1973	12.9%	8.73%
1972	13.3%	8.67%
1971	13.7%	8.63%
1970	14.2%	8.64%
1969	14.7%	8.71%
1968	15.2%	8.85%
1967	15.8%	9.04%
1966	16.3%	9.29%
1965	16.9%	9.56%
1964	17.4%	-
1963	18%	-
1962	18.6%	-
1961	19.2%	-
1960	19.8%	-

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 4.03% in Papua New Guinea and 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.