Fertility & birth rates in New Zealand and Sao Tome and Principe

Fertility rate in New Zealand vs Sao Tome and Principe chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in New Zealand was 1.56 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.64 in Sao Tome and Principe in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check New Zealand vs Sao Tome and Principe population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	New Zealand	Sao Tome
1960	4.24	6.24
1961	4.31	6.26
1962	4.19	6.28
1963	4.05	6.31
1964	3.8	6.33
1965	3.54	6.35
1966	3.41	6.37
1967	3.35	6.39
1968	3.34	6.42
1969	3.28	6.44
1970	3.17	6.47
1971	3.18	6.49
1972	3	6.51
1973	2.76	6.53
1974	2.58	6.53
1975	2.37	6.53
1976	2.27	6.52
1977	2.21	6.5
1978	2.07	6.47
1979	2.12	6.43
1980	2.03	6.39
1981	2.01	6.33
1982	1.95	6.28
1983	1.92	6.22
1984	1.93	6.16
1985	1.93	6.1
1986	1.96	6.05
1987	2.03	5.99
1988	2.1	5.94
1989	2.12	5.88
1990	2.18	5.83
1991	2.09	5.77
1992	2.06	5.7
1993	2.04	5.64
1994	1.98	5.56
1995	1.98	5.55
1996	1.96	5.47
1997	1.96	5.4
1998	1.89	5.3
1999	1.97	5.23
2000	1.98	5.16
2001	1.97	5.1
2002	1.89	5.06
2003	1.93	5.01
2004	1.98	4.96
2005	1.97	4.94
2006	2.01	4.93
2007	2.18	4.96
2008	2.19	4.91
2009	2.13	4.84
2010	2.17	4.77
2011	2.09	4.72
2012	2.1	4.66
2013	2.01	4.58
2014	1.92	4.49
2015	1.99	4.35
2016	1.87	4.2
2017	1.81	4.07
2018	1.71	3.98
2019	1.72	3.9
2020	1.61	3.83
2021	1.64	3.76
2022	1.66	3.7
2023	1.56	3.64
2024	1.55	3.6
2025	1.54	3.53
2026	1.53	3.47
2027	1.53	3.42
2028	1.52	3.36
2029	1.52	3.32
2030	1.52	3.26
2031	1.52	3.21
2032	1.52	3.17
2033	1.51	3.13
2034	1.51	3.09
2035	1.51	3.04
2036	1.51	3.01
2037	1.51	2.97
2038	1.51	2.94
2039	1.51	2.9
2040	1.51	2.87
2041	1.51	2.83
2042	1.51	2.8
2043	1.51	2.78
2044	1.51	2.75
2045	1.51	2.73
2046	1.51	2.7
2047	1.51	2.67
2048	1.51	2.64
2049	1.51	2.62
2050	1.51	2.59

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	New Zealand	Sao Tome
1960	32.8%	32.9%
1961	33%	34.3%
1962	33%	36.6%
1963	32.9%	38.5%
1964	32.9%	40.2%
1965	32.7%	41.6%
1966	32.6%	42.9%
1967	32.5%	44%
1968	32.3%	44.9%
1969	32.2%	45.8%
1970	31.9%	46.2%
1971	31.7%	46.1%
1972	31.4%	45.9%
1973	31%	45.7%
1974	30.5%	45.6%
1975	30.1%	45.5%
1976	29.6%	45.4%
1977	29%	45.3%
1978	28.4%	45.2%
1979	27.8%	45.1%
1980	27.2%	44.9%
1981	26.7%	44.7%
1982	26.2%	44.5%
1983	25.6%	44.5%
1984	25.1%	44.4%
1985	24.6%	44.5%
1986	24.2%	44.7%
1987	23.8%	44.9%
1988	23.5%	45%
1989	23.3%	45%
1990	23.3%	45.1%
1991	23.2%	45.1%
1992	23.1%	45.2%
1993	23.1%	45.2%
1994	23.1%	45.1%
1995	23.1%	44.9%
1996	23%	44.7%
1997	23%	44.3%
1998	23%	43.9%
1999	22.9%	43.4%
2000	22.8%	42.8%
2001	22.6%	42.5%
2002	22.4%	42.3%
2003	22.1%	42.2%
2004	21.8%	42.1%
2005	21.5%	42%
2006	21.3%	42%
2007	21.1%	42%
2008	21%	42.1%
2009	20.9%	42.1%
2010	20.9%	42.1%
2011	20.8%	42%
2012	20.6%	42%
2013	20.4%	42%
2014	20.2%	42%
2015	19.9%	41.9%
2016	19.6%	41.7%
2017	19.5%	41.4%
2018	19.3%	40.9%
2019	19.2%	40.5%
2020	19%	39.9%
2021	18.9%	39.4%
2022	18.6%	38.8%
2023	18.4%	38.3%
2024	18.1%	37.8%
2025	17.9%	37.5%
2026	17.6%	37.2%
2027	17.4%	36.8%
2028	17.2%	36.4%
2029	17%	36%
2030	16.8%	35.6%
2031	16.6%	35.4%
2032	16.4%	35.2%
2033	16.3%	35%
2034	16.1%	34.8%
2035	16%	34.7%
2036	15.9%	34.5%
2037	15.8%	34.2%
2038	15.7%	34%
2039	15.6%	33.8%
2040	15.5%	33.5%
2041	15.4%	33.2%
2042	15.4%	32.9%
2043	15.4%	32.6%
2044	15.3%	32.3%
2045	15.3%	32%
2046	15.3%	31.6%
2047	15.3%	31.3%
2048	15.3%	31%
2049	15.2%	30.6%
2050	15.2%	30.2%

Children aged 0-14 make up 18.1% of the population in New Zealand and 37.8% in Sao Tome and Principe in 2024, compared to 23.3% and 45.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of New Zealand and Sao Tome and Principe compared.

Natural population change in New Zealand vs Sao Tome and Principe by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.51% in New Zealand and +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	New Zealand	Sao Tome
1960	41,791	1,547
1961	43,482	1,657
1962	42,865	1,625
1963	42,027	1,609
1964	39,375	1,600
1965	36,982	1,611
1966	36,151	1,642
1967	37,974	1,693
1968	37,594	1,767
1969	38,098	1,862
1970	37,101	1,980
1971	40,000	2,127
1972	38,244	2,232
1973	35,239	2,329
1974	33,896	2,422
1975	31,355	2,515
1976	29,456	2,608
1977	28,020	2,705
1978	26,156	2,800
1979	26,675	2,893
1980	23,658	2,965
1981	25,374	3,015
1982	24,207	3,047
1983	24,315	3,100
1984	26,043	3,163
1985	24,126	3,242
1986	25,549	3,180
1987	27,603	3,440
1988	29,846	3,544
1989	30,749	3,576
1990	33,298	3,719
1991	33,518	3,801
1992	32,067	3,822
1993	31,685	3,841
1994	30,372	3,860
1995	29,828	3,948
1996	28,997	3,993
1997	30,137	4,041
1998	29,146	4,120
1999	28,916	4,221
2000	29,897	4,334
2001	27,939	4,471
2002	25,941	4,591
2003	28,150	4,702
2004	29,634	4,810
2005	30,674	4,897
2006	30,924	5,057
2007	35,480	5,226
2008	35,143	5,297
2009	33,560	5,349
2010	35,458	5,391
2011	31,302	5,445
2012	31,077	5,501
2013	29,096	5,449
2014	26,196	5,381
2015	29,408	5,269
2016	28,237	5,125
2017	26,282	5,007
2018	24,797	4,957
2019	25,344	4,932
2020	24,993	4,874
2021	23,767	4,954
2022	20,264	5,102
2023	19,039	5,221

Maternal mortality chart: New Zealand vs Sao Tome and Principe

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 7 deaths per 100,000 live births in New Zealand, compared to 75 deaths in Sao Tome and Principe.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	New Zealand	Sao Tome
1985	19	159
1986	18	175
1987	19	161
1988	19	157
1989	18	167
1990	18	164
1991	16	166
1992	15	164
1993	14	166
1994	13	168
1995	14	172
1996	14	171
1997	13	173
1998	12	175
1999	12	179
2000	11	180
2001	10	178
2002	11	179
2003	11	178
2004	11	177
2005	11	181
2006	10	177
2007	10	174
2008	10	174
2009	10	172
2010	10	170
2011	10	164
2012	9	158
2013	8	150
2014	7	138
2015	8	128
2016	8	119
2017	8	110
2018	7	100
2019	8	95
2020	8	92
2021	8	98
2022	23	82
2023	7	75

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.47% in New Zealand and 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	New Zealand	Sao Tome
1960	2.78%	-
1961	2.68%	-
1962	2.58%	-
1963	2.48%	-
1964	2.39%	-
1965	2.31%	9.56%
1966	2.25%	9.29%
1967	2.2%	9.04%
1968	2.16%	8.85%
1969	2.12%	8.71%
1970	2.08%	8.64%
1971	2.03%	8.63%
1972	1.98%	8.67%
1973	1.94%	8.73%
1974	1.88%	8.79%
1975	1.83%	8.85%
1976	1.77%	8.89%
1977	1.71%	8.93%
1978	1.66%	8.96%
1979	1.61%	9.02%
1980	1.56%	9.1%
1981	1.52%	9.21%
1982	1.48%	9.37%
1983	1.45%	9.56%
1984	1.41%	9.77%
1985	1.38%	9.99%
1986	1.34%	11.4%
1987	1.29%	10.4%
1988	1.24%	10.6%
1989	1.18%	10.7%
1990	1.12%	10.8%
1991	1.06%	10.9%
1992	1%	10.9%
1993	0.95%	10.8%
1994	0.91%	10.7%
1995	0.87%	10.4%
1996	0.84%	10.1%
1997	0.81%	9.73%
1998	0.78%	9.26%
1999	0.76%	8.76%
2000	0.74%	8.21%
2001	0.72%	7.66%
2002	0.7%	7.1%
2003	0.69%	6.57%
2004	0.67%	6.05%
2005	0.66%	5.56%
2006	0.65%	5.11%
2007	0.65%	4.68%
2008	0.64%	4.3%
2009	0.63%	3.95%
2010	0.62%	3.63%
2011	0.61%	3.33%
2012	0.6%	3.04%
2013	0.59%	2.77%
2014	0.57%	2.54%
2015	0.56%	2.31%
2016	0.55%	2.11%
2017	0.53%	1.95%
2018	0.52%	1.81%
2019	0.51%	1.7%
2020	0.5%	1.6%
2021	0.49%	1.53%
2022	0.48%	1.46%
2023	0.47%	1.39%