Fertility & birth rates in Netherlands and Spain

Fertility rate in Netherlands vs Spain by year

Chart Table

Netherlands

Spain

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Netherlands	Spain
2023	1.43	1.12
2022	1.49	1.16
2021	1.62	1.18
2020	1.54	1.18
2019	1.57	1.23
2018	1.59	1.26
2017	1.62	1.31
2016	1.66	1.33
2015	1.66	1.33
2014	1.71	1.32
2013	1.68	1.27
2012	1.72	1.32
2011	1.76	1.34
2010	1.79	1.37
2009	1.79	1.38
2008	1.77	1.45
2007	1.72	1.38
2006	1.72	1.36
2005	1.71	1.33
2004	1.72	1.31
2003	1.75	1.3
2002	1.73	1.25
2001	1.71	1.23
2000	1.72	1.22
1999	1.65	1.17
1998	1.63	1.13
1997	1.56	1.15
1996	1.53	1.14
1995	1.53	1.16
1994	1.57	1.19
1993	1.57	1.26
1992	1.59	1.31
1991	1.61	1.33
1990	1.62	1.36
1989	1.55	1.4
1988	1.55	1.45
1987	1.56	1.49
1986	1.55	1.56
1985	1.51	1.64
1984	1.49	1.73
1983	1.47	1.8
1982	1.5	1.94
1981	1.56	2.04
1980	1.6	2.22
1979	1.56	2.37
1978	1.58	2.54
1977	1.58	2.65
1976	1.63	2.77
1975	1.66	2.77
1974	1.77	2.88
1973	1.9	2.84
1972	2.15	2.87
1971	2.36	2.9
1970	2.57	2.84
1969	2.75	2.86
1968	2.72	2.87
1967	2.81	2.94
1966	2.9	2.91
1965	3.04	2.94
1964	3.17	3.01
1963	3.19	2.88
1962	3.18	2.8
1961	3.22	2.77
1960	3.12	2.86

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in the Netherlands was 1.43 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.12 in Spain in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check the Netherlands vs Spain population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Netherlands

Spain

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Netherlands	Spain
2023	-5,363	-111,211
2022	-1,770	-133,801
2021	7,014	-113,865
2020	0	-151,551
2019	17,345	-56,542
2018	15,508	-56,139
2017	18,844	-32,600
2016	23,843	0
2015	23,716	-4,642
2014	35,417	32,522
2013	30,248	37,284
2012	35,186	51,450
2011	45,072	84,137
2010	48,184	102,469
2009	51,244	106,635
2008	49,337	133,267
2007	49,145	108,545
2006	49,038	110,994
2005	50,592	78,576
2004	56,987	85,844
2003	58,411	54,844
2002	59,751	53,861
2001	62,580	44,936
2000	66,887	36,512
1999	60,086	8,077
1998	61,258	4,022
1997	56,198	20,028
1996	51,251	11,967
1995	54,106	15,889
1994	61,532	31,639
1993	58,103	47,234
1992	66,811	62,652
1991	69,321	58,450
1990	68,777	66,075
1989	59,396	81,538
1988	61,993	100,794
1987	64,526	116,054
1986	59,746	131,188
1985	55,069	146,184
1984	54,812	172,487
1983	51,722	183,223
1982	54,388	231,714
1981	62,688	237,879
1980	66,504	281,184
1979	63,172	312,407
1978	61,344	339,157
1977	63,739	361,465
1976	63,361	375,834
1975	64,232	371,882
1974	75,853	396,182
1973	84,668	374,381
1972	101,297	391,030
1971	116,112	369,625
1970	129,082	378,723
1969	139,082	367,851
1968	132,389	387,423
1967	138,580	402,001
1966	138,265	397,084
1965	146,308	405,819
1964	157,653	429,885
1963	154,361	394,338
1962	153,474	384,690
1961	159,450	396,537
1960	151,623	398,960

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.03% in the Netherlands and -0.23% in Spain.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +0.08% in the Netherlands and -0.13% in Spain.

Birth rate in Netherlands vs Spain by year

Chart Table

Netherlands

Spain

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Netherlands	Spain
2023	9.2	6.7
2022	9.5	6.9
2021	10.2	7.1
2020	9.7	7.2
2019	9.8	7.6
2018	9.8	7.9
2017	9.9	8.4
2016	10.1	8.8
2015	10.1	9
2014	10.4	9.2
2013	10.2	9.1
2012	10.5	9.7
2011	10.8	10.1
2010	11.1	10.4
2009	11.2	10.6
2008	11.2	11.3
2007	11.1	10.9
2006	11.3	10.8
2005	11.5	10.6
2004	11.9	10.6
2003	12.3	10.4
2002	12.5	10.1
2001	12.6	9.9
2000	13	9.8
1999	12.7	9.4
1998	12.7	9.1
1997	12.3	9.2
1996	12.2	9.1
1995	12.3	9.1
1994	12.7	9.4
1993	12.8	9.8
1992	13	10.1
1991	13.2	10.2
1990	13.2	10.3
1989	12.7	10.5
1988	12.6	10.8
1987	12.7	11
1986	12.7	11.4
1985	12.3	11.9
1984	12.1	12.3
1983	11.8	12.7
1982	12	13.6
1981	12.5	14.1
1980	12.8	15.2
1979	12.5	16.2
1978	12.6	17.3
1977	12.5	18
1976	12.9	18.7
1975	13	18.7
1974	13.7	19.5
1973	14.5	19.2
1972	16.1	19.4
1971	17.2	19.6
1970	18.3	19.5
1969	19.2	19.9
1968	18.6	20.1
1967	18.9	20.7
1966	19.2	20.7
1965	19.9	21.1
1964	20.7	22
1963	20.9	21.4
1962	20.9	21.1
1961	21.3	21.2
1960	20.8	21.7

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 9.2 in the Netherlands and 6.7 in Spain, compared with 20.8 and 21.7, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Netherlands

Factual

UN forecast

Spain

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Netherlands	Spain
2100	13.2%	11.6%
2099	13.2%	11.6%
2098	13.2%	11.7%
2097	13.2%	11.7%
2096	13.2%	11.7%
2095	13.2%	11.8%
2094	13.2%	11.8%
2093	13.1%	11.9%
2092	13.1%	11.9%
2091	13.1%	11.9%
2090	13.1%	12%
2089	13.1%	12%
2088	13.1%	12%
2087	13.1%	12.1%
2086	13.1%	12.1%
2085	13.2%	12.1%
2084	13.2%	12%
2083	13.2%	12%
2082	13.2%	12%
2081	13.3%	11.9%
2080	13.3%	11.9%
2079	13.3%	11.8%
2078	13.4%	11.7%
2077	13.4%	11.6%
2076	13.4%	11.6%
2075	13.5%	11.5%
2074	13.5%	11.4%
2073	13.5%	11.3%
2072	13.5%	11.2%
2071	13.6%	11.2%
2070	13.6%	11.1%
2069	13.6%	11.1%
2068	13.6%	11%
2067	13.6%	11%
2066	13.6%	11%
2065	13.6%	11%
2064	13.6%	11%
2063	13.6%	11.1%
2062	13.6%	11.1%
2061	13.6%	11.2%
2060	13.5%	11.2%
2059	13.5%	11.3%
2058	13.5%	11.4%
2057	13.6%	11.4%
2056	13.6%	11.5%
2055	13.6%	11.5%
2054	13.6%	11.5%
2053	13.7%	11.5%
2052	13.7%	11.5%
2051	13.8%	11.5%
2050	13.9%	11.5%
2049	13.9%	11.4%
2048	14%	11.4%
2047	14.1%	11.3%
2046	14.2%	11.2%
2045	14.3%	11.1%
2044	14.3%	11.1%
2043	14.4%	11%
2042	14.5%	10.9%
2041	14.5%	10.9%
2040	14.6%	10.8%
2039	14.6%	10.8%
2038	14.6%	10.7%
2037	14.6%	10.7%
2036	14.7%	10.7%
2035	14.7%	10.7%
2034	14.7%	10.8%
2033	14.7%	10.9%
2032	14.7%	11.1%
2031	14.8%	11.3%
2030	14.8%	11.5%
2029	14.8%	11.7%
2028	14.8%	11.9%
2027	14.8%	12.2%
2026	14.9%	12.5%
2025	15%	12.8%
2024	15%	12.9%
2023	15.2%	13.3%
2022	15.4%	13.6%
2021	15.5%	13.9%
2020	15.6%	14.2%
2019	15.8%	14.4%
2018	16%	14.7%
2017	16.2%	14.8%
2016	16.4%	14.9%
2015	16.6%	15%
2014	16.9%	15.1%
2013	17.1%	15.1%
2012	17.3%	15.1%
2011	17.4%	15%
2010	17.6%	14.9%
2009	17.7%	14.8%
2008	17.9%	14.7%
2007	18.1%	14.6%
2006	18.3%	14.5%
2005	18.5%	14.5%
2004	18.6%	14.5%
2003	18.7%	14.5%
2002	18.8%	14.6%
2001	18.8%	14.7%
2000	18.8%	14.8%
1999	18.7%	15%
1998	18.6%	15.3%
1997	18.6%	15.7%
1996	18.6%	16.1%
1995	18.6%	16.6%
1994	18.6%	17.2%
1993	18.5%	17.8%
1992	18.5%	18.4%
1991	18.4%	19.1%
1990	18.4%	19.8%
1989	18.4%	20.5%
1988	18.5%	21.2%
1987	18.7%	21.9%
1986	19.1%	22.5%
1985	19.5%	23.2%
1984	20.1%	23.8%
1983	20.7%	24.4%
1982	21.3%	24.9%
1981	21.8%	25.5%
1980	22.3%	26%
1979	22.9%	26.4%
1978	23.5%	26.8%
1977	24.2%	27%
1976	24.8%	27.2%
1975	25.3%	27.3%
1974	25.9%	27.5%
1973	26.4%	27.7%
1972	26.8%	27.8%
1971	27.1%	27.8%
1970	27.3%	27.9%
1969	27.5%	27.8%
1968	27.6%	27.8%
1967	27.8%	27.7%
1966	28.1%	27.6%
1965	28.3%	27.5%
1964	28.5%	27.4%
1963	28.7%	27.4%
1962	29.1%	27.4%
1961	29.7%	27.4%
1960	30%	27.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15% of the population in the Netherlands and 12.9% in Spain in 2024, compared to 18.4% and 19.8% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of the Netherlands and Spain compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Netherlands vs Spain

Chart Table

Netherlands

Spain

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Netherlands	Spain
2023	4	3
2022	4	4
2021	5	4
2020	4	4
2019	5	3
2018	5	3
2017	5	3
2016	5	3
2015	5	4
2014	5	4
2013	6	4
2012	6	4
2011	7	4
2010	6	4
2009	7	4
2008	8	4
2007	8	4
2006	9	4
2005	10	5
2004	11	5
2003	12	4
2002	13	5
2001	13	5
2000	13	5
1999	13	5
1998	12	5
1997	13	5
1996	12	6
1995	12	6
1994	12	6
1993	12	6
1992	12	6
1991	12	6
1990	12	6
1989	12	7
1988	12	7
1987	12	7
1986	12	7
1985	12	6

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 4 deaths per 100,000 live births in the Netherlands, compared to 3 deaths in Spain.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Netherlands

Spain

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Netherlands	Spain
2023	0.4%	0.31%
2022	0.4%	0.31%
2021	0.4%	0.31%
2020	0.4%	0.32%
2019	0.4%	0.32%
2018	0.4%	0.32%
2017	0.4%	0.32%
2016	0.41%	0.33%
2015	0.41%	0.33%
2014	0.41%	0.34%
2013	0.42%	0.35%
2012	0.42%	0.36%
2011	0.43%	0.37%
2010	0.44%	0.38%
2009	0.46%	0.4%
2008	0.47%	0.42%
2007	0.49%	0.44%
2006	0.51%	0.45%
2005	0.53%	0.47%
2004	0.55%	0.49%
2003	0.57%	0.5%
2002	0.59%	0.51%
2001	0.61%	0.53%
2000	0.62%	0.54%
1999	0.63%	0.56%
1998	0.64%	0.58%
1997	0.66%	0.61%
1996	0.67%	0.65%
1995	0.69%	0.69%
1994	0.71%	0.74%
1993	0.74%	0.79%
1992	0.77%	0.83%
1991	0.8%	0.88%
1990	0.83%	0.92%
1989	0.86%	0.95%
1988	0.89%	0.99%
1987	0.92%	1.03%
1986	0.95%	1.07%
1985	0.97%	1.11%
1984	0.99%	1.17%
1983	1.02%	1.23%
1982	1.04%	1.3%
1981	1.06%	1.38%
1980	1.09%	1.49%
1979	1.12%	1.61%
1978	1.16%	1.74%
1977	1.21%	1.87%
1976	1.26%	2.02%
1975	1.31%	2.17%
1974	1.36%	2.33%
1973	1.41%	2.52%
1972	1.47%	2.72%
1971	1.53%	2.94%
1970	1.58%	3.16%
1969	1.64%	3.39%
1968	1.69%	3.61%
1967	1.74%	3.83%
1966	1.79%	4.03%
1965	1.83%	4.23%
1964	1.88%	4.45%
1963	1.92%	4.68%
1962	1.97%	4.94%
1961	2.03%	5.2%
1960	2.08%	5.47%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.4% in the Netherlands and 0.31% in Spain. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.