Fertility & birth rates in Sao Tome and Principe and Somalia

Fertility rate in Sao Tome and Principe vs Somalia by year

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

Somalia

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Sao Tome	Somalia
2023	3.64	6.13
2022	3.7	6.26
2021	3.76	6.35
2020	3.83	6.45
2019	3.9	6.56
2018	3.98	6.66
2017	4.07	6.77
2016	4.2	6.88
2015	4.35	6.98
2014	4.49	7.06
2013	4.58	7.14
2012	4.66	7.21
2011	4.72	7.27
2010	4.77	7.32
2009	4.84	7.38
2008	4.91	7.42
2007	4.96	7.46
2006	4.93	7.49
2005	4.94	7.53
2004	4.96	7.57
2003	5.01	7.6
2002	5.06	7.63
2001	5.1	7.64
2000	5.16	7.65
1999	5.23	7.66
1998	5.3	7.66
1997	5.4	7.66
1996	5.47	7.62
1995	5.55	7.58
1994	5.56	7.54
1993	5.64	7.53
1992	5.7	7.5
1991	5.77	7.47
1990	5.83	7.44
1989	5.88	7.42
1988	5.94	7.4
1987	5.99	7.37
1986	6.05	7.35
1985	6.1	7.33
1984	6.16	7.3
1983	6.22	7.28
1982	6.28	7.25
1981	6.33	7.23
1980	6.39	7.18
1979	6.43	7.16
1978	6.47	7.13
1977	6.5	7
1976	6.52	7.02
1975	6.53	7.03
1974	6.53	7.06
1973	6.53	7.09
1972	6.51	7.12
1971	6.49	7.15
1970	6.47	7.18
1969	6.44	7.21
1968	6.42	7.23
1967	6.39	7.25
1966	6.37	7.26
1965	6.35	7.26
1964	6.33	7.26
1963	6.31	7.26
1962	6.28	7.26
1961	6.26	7.25
1960	6.24	7.25

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Sao Tome and Principe was 3.64 children per woman in 2023, compared to 6.13 in Somalia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Sao Tome and Principe vs Somalia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

Somalia

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Sao Tome	Somalia
2023	5,221	608,203
2022	5,102	551,450
2021	4,954	566,399
2020	4,874	561,311
2019	4,932	548,756
2018	4,957	514,244
2017	5,007	478,556
2016	5,125	495,132
2015	5,269	481,573
2014	5,381	464,481
2013	5,449	448,518
2012	5,501	399,468
2011	5,445	203,213
2010	5,391	385,571
2009	5,349	405,784
2008	5,297	394,258
2007	5,226	380,303
2006	5,057	372,597
2005	4,897	363,117
2004	4,810	351,959
2003	4,702	341,192
2002	4,591	331,215
2001	4,471	319,059
2000	4,334	306,651
1999	4,221	295,523
1998	4,120	284,779
1997	4,041	271,894
1996	3,993	264,807
1995	3,948	254,509
1994	3,860	246,950
1993	3,841	232,960
1992	3,822	57,495
1991	3,801	53,052
1990	3,719	225,162
1989	3,576	225,255
1988	3,544	215,599
1987	3,440	231,580
1986	3,180	218,416
1985	3,242	207,960
1984	3,163	199,017
1983	3,100	190,775
1982	3,047	182,793
1981	3,015	185,211
1980	2,965	174,790
1979	2,893	151,016
1978	2,800	132,689
1977	2,705	124,818
1976	2,608	113,319
1975	2,515	108,998
1974	2,422	104,813
1973	2,329	108,038
1972	2,232	104,493
1971	2,127	101,196
1970	1,980	98,025
1969	1,862	95,045
1968	1,767	92,208
1967	1,693	89,497
1966	1,642	86,930
1965	1,611	84,448
1964	1,600	82,042
1963	1,609	79,859
1962	1,625	77,737
1961	1,657	75,513
1960	1,547	73,850

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +2.26% in Sao Tome and Principe and +3.31% in Somalia.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe and +3.34% in Somalia.

Birth rate in Sao Tome and Principe vs Somalia by year

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

Somalia

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Sao Tome	Somalia
2023	28.2	43
2022	28.3	43.8
2021	28.5	44.1
2020	28.6	44.5
2019	29.2	45.1
2018	29.8	45.7
2017	30.6	46.2
2016	31.7	46.6
2015	33	47.2
2014	34.3	47.5
2013	35.4	47.7
2012	36.4	48.2
2011	36.8	48.6
2010	37.3	48.1
2009	37.9	48.4
2008	38.5	48.8
2007	38.9	48.9
2006	38.9	49.4
2005	39	49.6
2004	39.2	49.9
2003	39.6	50.1
2002	39.8	50.4
2001	40	50.4
2000	39.7	50.4
1999	39.4	50.7
1998	39.2	50.7
1997	39.2	50.8
1996	39.3	51
1995	39.5	50.6
1994	39.4	51.1
1993	39.8	50.1
1992	40.2	51.5
1991	40.7	51.9
1990	40.7	50.3
1989	40.9	50.4
1988	40.9	50.8
1987	41	49.3
1986	41	48.9
1985	41	48.7
1984	41.1	48.5
1983	41.2	48.5
1982	41.3	48.3
1981	41.5	49.5
1980	41.6	47.4
1979	41.6	44.9
1978	41.4	45.2
1977	41.3	46.2
1976	41.1	46
1975	40.9	45.9
1974	40.6	45.7
1973	40.3	45.6
1972	39.9	45.6
1971	39.5	45.5
1970	38.8	45.5
1969	38.2	45.6
1968	37.8	45.6
1967	37.7	45.7
1966	38	45.8
1965	38.6	45.9
1964	39.7	46
1963	41.1	46.2
1962	42.7	46.3
1961	44.6	46.5
1960	44.6	46.8

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 28.2 in Sao Tome and Principe and 43 in Somalia, compared with 44.6 and 46.8, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

Factual

UN forecast

Somalia

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Sao Tome	Somalia
2100	19.5%	23.1%
2099	19.6%	23.3%
2098	19.8%	23.4%
2097	19.9%	23.6%
2096	20%	23.8%
2095	20.2%	24%
2094	20.3%	24.2%
2093	20.4%	24.4%
2092	20.6%	24.6%
2091	20.7%	24.8%
2090	20.9%	25%
2089	21.1%	25.2%
2088	21.2%	25.5%
2087	21.4%	25.7%
2086	21.6%	25.9%
2085	21.8%	26.1%
2084	22%	26.4%
2083	22.2%	26.6%
2082	22.4%	26.8%
2081	22.6%	27.1%
2080	22.9%	27.3%
2079	23.1%	27.6%
2078	23.3%	27.9%
2077	23.5%	28.1%
2076	23.7%	28.4%
2075	24%	28.7%
2074	24.2%	29%
2073	24.4%	29.3%
2072	24.6%	29.6%
2071	24.8%	29.9%
2070	25%	30.2%
2069	25.2%	30.6%
2068	25.4%	30.9%
2067	25.6%	31.2%
2066	25.9%	31.5%
2065	26.1%	31.9%
2064	26.3%	32.2%
2063	26.5%	32.5%
2062	26.8%	32.9%
2061	27%	33.2%
2060	27.3%	33.6%
2059	27.5%	33.9%
2058	27.8%	34.2%
2057	28.1%	34.6%
2056	28.4%	34.9%
2055	28.7%	35.3%
2054	29%	35.7%
2053	29.4%	36.1%
2052	29.7%	36.4%
2051	30.1%	36.8%
2050	30.4%	37.2%
2049	30.8%	37.6%
2048	31.1%	38%
2047	31.5%	38.4%
2046	31.8%	38.8%
2045	32.1%	39.2%
2044	32.5%	39.7%
2043	32.8%	40.1%
2042	33.1%	40.5%
2041	33.4%	41%
2040	33.6%	41.5%
2039	33.9%	41.9%
2038	34.1%	42.4%
2037	34.4%	42.8%
2036	34.6%	43.3%
2035	34.7%	43.7%
2034	34.9%	44.1%
2033	35.1%	44.5%
2032	35.3%	44.9%
2031	35.5%	45.2%
2030	35.8%	45.6%
2029	36.1%	46%
2028	36.6%	46.2%
2027	37%	46.5%
2026	37.3%	46.6%
2025	37.6%	46.6%
2024	37.8%	46.6%
2023	38.3%	46.7%
2022	38.8%	46.8%
2021	39.4%	47%
2020	39.9%	47%
2019	40.5%	47.1%
2018	40.9%	47.3%
2017	41.4%	47.4%
2016	41.7%	47.5%
2015	41.9%	47.6%
2014	42%	47.7%
2013	42%	47.8%
2012	42%	47.9%
2011	42%	48.3%
2010	42.1%	48.7%
2009	42.1%	48.8%
2008	42.1%	48.9%
2007	42%	48.9%
2006	42%	48.6%
2005	42%	48.2%
2004	42.1%	47.9%
2003	42.2%	47.7%
2002	42.3%	47.6%
2001	42.5%	47.5%
2000	42.8%	47.4%
1999	43.4%	47.2%
1998	43.9%	47.1%
1997	44.3%	47%
1996	44.7%	46.9%
1995	44.9%	46.7%
1994	45.1%	46.5%
1993	45.2%	46.4%
1992	45.2%	46.5%
1991	45.1%	47%
1990	45.1%	47%
1989	45%	46.7%
1988	45%	46.3%
1987	44.9%	46%
1986	44.7%	45.8%
1985	44.5%	45.6%
1984	44.4%	45.4%
1983	44.5%	45.2%
1982	44.5%	45%
1981	44.7%	44.8%
1980	44.9%	44.6%
1979	45.1%	44.5%
1978	45.2%	44.4%
1977	45.3%	44.3%
1976	45.4%	44.3%
1975	45.5%	44.3%
1974	45.6%	44.4%
1973	45.7%	44.4%
1972	45.9%	44.4%
1971	46.1%	44.5%
1970	46.2%	44.5%
1969	45.8%	44.6%
1968	44.9%	44.7%
1967	44%	44.8%
1966	42.9%	44.9%
1965	41.6%	45.1%
1964	40.2%	45.1%
1963	38.5%	45%
1962	36.6%	44.8%
1961	34.3%	44.7%
1960	32.9%	44.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 37.8% of the population in Sao Tome and Principe and 46.6% in Somalia in 2024, compared to 45.1% and 47% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Sao Tome and Principe and Somalia compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Sao Tome and Principe vs Somalia

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

Somalia

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Sao Tome	Somalia
2023	75	563
2022	82	622
2021	98	726
2020	92	655
2019	95	656
2018	100	727
2017	110	716
2016	119	754
2015	128	784
2014	138	816
2013	150	855
2012	158	894
2011	164	972
2010	170	1,062
2009	172	995
2008	174	1,035
2007	174	1,074
2006	177	1,085
2005	181	1,086
2004	177	1,104
2003	178	1,111
2002	179	1,121
2001	178	1,129
2000	180	1,150
1999	179	1,170
1998	175	1,177
1997	173	1,206
1996	171	1,225
1995	172	1,210
1994	168	1,254
1993	166	1,195
1992	164	1,339
1991	166	1,431
1990	164	1,358
1989	167	1,395
1988	157	1,423
1987	161	1,393
1986	175	1,452
1985	159	1,465

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 75 deaths per 100,000 live births in Sao Tome and Principe, compared to 563 deaths in Somalia.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

Somalia

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Sao Tome	Somalia
2023	1.39%	10.4%
2022	1.46%	14.3%
2021	1.53%	11.1%
2020	1.6%	11.4%
2019	1.7%	11.8%
2018	1.81%	13.6%
2017	1.95%	15.5%
2016	2.11%	13%
2015	2.31%	13.4%
2014	2.54%	13.8%
2013	2.77%	14.3%
2012	3.04%	18.4%
2011	3.33%	35.9%
2010	3.63%	18.6%
2009	3.95%	16.2%
2008	4.3%	16.6%
2007	4.68%	17%
2006	5.11%	17.2%
2005	5.56%	17.2%
2004	6.05%	17.2%
2003	6.57%	17.2%
2002	7.1%	17.2%
2001	7.66%	17.2%
2000	8.21%	17.2%
1999	8.76%	17.2%
1998	9.26%	17.2%
1997	9.73%	17.2%
1996	10.1%	17.2%
1995	10.4%	17.2%
1994	10.7%	17.2%
1993	10.8%	17.3%
1992	10.9%	45.6%
1991	10.9%	44.3%
1990	10.8%	18%
1989	10.7%	18.3%
1988	10.6%	18.6%
1987	10.4%	18.8%
1986	11.4%	19%
1985	9.99%	19.3%
1984	9.77%	19.5%
1983	9.56%	19.8%
1982	9.37%	20.1%
1981	9.21%	-
1980	9.1%	-
1979	9.02%	-
1978	8.96%	-
1977	8.93%	-
1976	8.89%	-
1975	8.85%	-
1974	8.79%	-
1973	8.73%	-
1972	8.67%	-
1971	8.63%	-
1970	8.64%	-
1969	8.71%	-
1968	8.85%	-
1967	9.04%	-
1966	9.29%	-
1965	9.56%	-

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe and 10.4% in Somalia. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.