Fertility & birth rates in Malaysia and Sao Tome and Principe

Fertility rate in Malaysia vs Sao Tome and Principe by year

Chart Table

Malaysia

Sao Tome and Principe

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Malaysia	Sao Tome
2023	1.55	3.64
2022	1.55	3.7
2021	1.56	3.76
2020	1.68	3.83
2019	1.78	3.9
2018	1.84	3.98
2017	1.89	4.07
2016	1.94	4.2
2015	2.01	4.35
2014	2.06	4.49
2013	2.07	4.58
2012	2.12	4.66
2011	2.15	4.72
2010	2.14	4.77
2009	2.22	4.84
2008	2.26	4.91
2007	2.25	4.96
2006	2.31	4.93
2005	2.39	4.94
2004	2.49	4.96
2003	2.6	5.01
2002	2.66	5.06
2001	2.81	5.1
2000	2.94	5.16
1999	3.07	5.23
1998	3.12	5.3
1997	3.23	5.4
1996	3.3	5.47
1995	3.32	5.55
1994	3.35	5.56
1993	3.36	5.64
1992	3.37	5.7
1991	3.34	5.77
1990	3.3	5.83
1989	3.31	5.88
1988	3.5	5.94
1987	3.57	5.99
1986	3.7	6.05
1985	3.8	6.1
1984	3.89	6.16
1983	3.93	6.22
1982	3.97	6.28
1981	4	6.33
1980	4.04	6.39
1979	4.09	6.43
1978	4.18	6.47
1977	4.28	6.5
1976	4.4	6.52
1975	4.5	6.53
1974	4.62	6.53
1973	4.73	6.53
1972	4.82	6.51
1971	4.92	6.49
1970	5.04	6.47
1969	5.16	6.44
1968	5.29	6.42
1967	5.43	6.39
1966	5.64	6.37
1965	5.84	6.35
1964	6.03	6.33
1963	6.19	6.31
1962	6.3	6.28
1961	6.37	6.26
1960	6.41	6.24

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Malaysia was 1.55 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.64 in Sao Tome and Principe in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Malaysia vs Sao Tome and Principe population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Malaysia

Sao Tome and Principe

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Malaysia	Sao Tome
2023	254,806	5,221
2022	237,560	5,102
2021	212,002	4,954
2020	283,282	4,874
2019	309,426	4,932
2018	324,568	4,957
2017	336,434	5,007
2016	345,681	5,125
2015	358,302	5,269
2014	367,587	5,381
2013	366,738	5,449
2012	371,497	5,501
2011	372,836	5,445
2010	360,260	5,391
2009	366,157	5,349
2008	362,380	5,297
2007	348,711	5,226
2006	349,509	5,057
2005	355,324	4,897
2004	365,138	4,810
2003	377,425	4,702
2002	381,084	4,591
2001	400,939	4,471
2000	417,371	4,334
1999	432,355	4,221
1998	436,316	4,120
1997	447,768	4,041
1996	450,174	3,993
1995	443,349	3,948
1994	437,873	3,860
1993	429,910	3,841
1992	418,900	3,822
1991	401,938	3,801
1990	384,518	3,719
1989	373,277	3,576
1988	386,507	3,544
1987	381,999	3,440
1986	385,799	3,180
1985	383,243	3,242
1984	376,797	3,163
1983	365,290	3,100
1982	353,138	3,047
1981	339,991	3,015
1980	326,947	2,965
1979	317,439	2,893
1978	311,027	2,800
1977	305,515	2,705
1976	300,615	2,608
1975	294,541	2,515
1974	289,880	2,422
1973	284,611	2,329
1972	276,263	2,232
1971	272,323	2,127
1970	269,341	1,980
1969	264,327	1,862
1968	260,705	1,767
1967	258,764	1,693
1966	262,162	1,642
1965	264,836	1,611
1964	266,406	1,600
1963	265,815	1,609
1962	262,140	1,625
1961	257,270	1,657
1960	251,090	1,547

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +0.73% in Malaysia and +2.26% in Sao Tome and Principe.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +0.92% in Malaysia and +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe.

Birth rate in Malaysia vs Sao Tome and Principe by year

Chart Table

Malaysia

Sao Tome and Principe

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Malaysia	Sao Tome
2023	12.4	28.2
2022	12.4	28.3
2021	12.4	28.5
2020	13.4	28.6
2019	14.2	29.2
2018	14.8	29.8
2017	15.3	30.6
2016	15.8	31.7
2015	16.3	33
2014	16.7	34.3
2013	16.8	35.4
2012	17	36.4
2011	17.2	36.8
2010	16.9	37.3
2009	17.3	37.9
2008	17.4	38.5
2007	17.1	38.9
2006	17.4	38.9
2005	17.9	39
2004	18.7	39.2
2003	19.6	39.6
2002	20.1	39.8
2001	21.4	40
2000	22.6	39.7
1999	23.8	39.4
1998	24.4	39.2
1997	25.4	39.2
1996	26.1	39.3
1995	26.3	39.5
1994	26.6	39.4
1993	26.8	39.8
1992	26.8	40.2
1991	26.5	40.7
1990	26.2	40.7
1989	26.3	40.9
1988	27.8	40.9
1987	28.3	41
1986	29.4	41
1985	30.1	41
1984	30.6	41.1
1983	30.7	41.2
1982	30.8	41.3
1981	30.8	41.5
1980	30.7	41.6
1979	30.8	41.6
1978	31	41.4
1977	31.3	41.3
1976	31.7	41.1
1975	32	40.9
1974	32.3	40.6
1973	32.7	40.3
1972	32.7	39.9
1971	33.2	39.5
1970	33.7	38.8
1969	34	38.2
1968	34.5	37.8
1967	35.1	37.7
1966	36.4	38
1965	37.7	38.6
1964	39.1	39.7
1963	40.4	41.1
1962	41.3	42.7
1961	42.2	44.6
1960	42.9	44.6

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 12.4 in Malaysia and 28.2 in Sao Tome and Principe, compared with 42.9 and 44.6, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Malaysia

Factual

UN forecast

Sao Tome and Principe

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Malaysia	Sao Tome
2100	13.3%	19.5%
2099	13.3%	19.6%
2098	13.4%	19.8%
2097	13.4%	19.9%
2096	13.4%	20%
2095	13.4%	20.2%
2094	13.5%	20.3%
2093	13.5%	20.4%
2092	13.5%	20.6%
2091	13.6%	20.7%
2090	13.6%	20.9%
2089	13.7%	21.1%
2088	13.7%	21.2%
2087	13.7%	21.4%
2086	13.8%	21.6%
2085	13.8%	21.8%
2084	13.8%	22%
2083	13.9%	22.2%
2082	13.9%	22.4%
2081	13.9%	22.6%
2080	13.9%	22.9%
2079	13.9%	23.1%
2078	13.9%	23.3%
2077	13.9%	23.5%
2076	13.9%	23.7%
2075	13.9%	24%
2074	13.9%	24.2%
2073	13.9%	24.4%
2072	13.9%	24.6%
2071	13.9%	24.8%
2070	13.9%	25%
2069	14%	25.2%
2068	14%	25.4%
2067	14.1%	25.6%
2066	14.1%	25.9%
2065	14.2%	26.1%
2064	14.3%	26.3%
2063	14.4%	26.5%
2062	14.5%	26.8%
2061	14.6%	27%
2060	14.8%	27.3%
2059	14.9%	27.5%
2058	15.1%	27.8%
2057	15.2%	28.1%
2056	15.4%	28.4%
2055	15.5%	28.7%
2054	15.7%	29%
2053	15.8%	29.4%
2052	16%	29.7%
2051	16.1%	30.1%
2050	16.2%	30.4%
2049	16.3%	30.8%
2048	16.4%	31.1%
2047	16.5%	31.5%
2046	16.6%	31.8%
2045	16.7%	32.1%
2044	16.8%	32.5%
2043	16.9%	32.8%
2042	16.9%	33.1%
2041	17%	33.4%
2040	17.1%	33.6%
2039	17.1%	33.9%
2038	17.2%	34.1%
2037	17.3%	34.4%
2036	17.3%	34.6%
2035	17.5%	34.7%
2034	17.7%	34.9%
2033	18%	35.1%
2032	18.3%	35.3%
2031	18.7%	35.5%
2030	19.2%	35.8%
2029	19.7%	36.1%
2028	20.1%	36.6%
2027	20.6%	37%
2026	21.1%	37.3%
2025	21.6%	37.6%
2024	21.8%	37.8%
2023	22.3%	38.3%
2022	22.8%	38.8%
2021	23.4%	39.4%
2020	24%	39.9%
2019	24.5%	40.5%
2018	24.9%	40.9%
2017	25.2%	41.4%
2016	25.5%	41.7%
2015	25.8%	41.9%
2014	26.2%	42%
2013	26.6%	42%
2012	27%	42%
2011	27.4%	42%
2010	27.9%	42.1%
2009	28.6%	42.1%
2008	29.4%	42.1%
2007	30%	42%
2006	30.7%	42%
2005	31.4%	42%
2004	32%	42.1%
2003	32.6%	42.2%
2002	33.2%	42.3%
2001	33.7%	42.5%
2000	34.2%	42.8%
1999	34.6%	43.4%
1998	35%	43.9%
1997	35.3%	44.3%
1996	35.5%	44.7%
1995	35.7%	44.9%
1994	36%	45.1%
1993	36.3%	45.2%
1992	36.6%	45.2%
1991	36.9%	45.1%
1990	37.2%	45.1%
1989	37.5%	45%
1988	37.7%	45%
1987	37.9%	44.9%
1986	38%	44.7%
1985	38.1%	44.5%
1984	38.2%	44.4%
1983	38.4%	44.5%
1982	38.6%	44.5%
1981	38.8%	44.7%
1980	39.2%	44.9%
1979	39.6%	45.1%
1978	40.1%	45.2%
1977	40.6%	45.3%
1976	41.1%	45.4%
1975	41.7%	45.5%
1974	42.2%	45.6%
1973	42.8%	45.7%
1972	43.4%	45.9%
1971	44%	46.1%
1970	44.5%	46.2%
1969	45%	45.8%
1968	45.5%	44.9%
1967	45.9%	44%
1966	46.2%	42.9%
1965	46.5%	41.6%
1964	46.6%	40.2%
1963	46.5%	38.5%
1962	46.3%	36.6%
1961	45.9%	34.3%
1960	45.4%	32.9%

Children aged 0-14 make up 21.8% of the population in Malaysia and 37.8% in Sao Tome and Principe in 2024, compared to 37.2% and 45.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Malaysia and Sao Tome and Principe compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Malaysia vs Sao Tome and Principe

Chart Table

Malaysia

Sao Tome and Principe

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Malaysia	Sao Tome
2023	26	75
2022	38	82
2021	52	98
2020	29	92
2019	28	95
2018	29	100
2017	29	110
2016	30	119
2015	30	128
2014	30	138
2013	29	150
2012	29	158
2011	29	164
2010	29	170
2009	29	172
2008	29	174
2007	30	174
2006	30	177
2005	31	181
2004	33	177
2003	34	178
2002	34	179
2001	36	178
2000	37	180
1999	38	179
1998	39	175
1997	40	173
1996	42	171
1995	43	172
1994	44	168
1993	46	166
1992	48	164
1991	49	166
1990	51	164
1989	52	167
1988	55	157
1987	56	161
1986	59	175
1985	63	159

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 26 deaths per 100,000 live births in Malaysia, compared to 75 deaths in Sao Tome and Principe.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Malaysia

Sao Tome and Principe

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Malaysia	Sao Tome
2023	0.81%	1.39%
2022	0.81%	1.46%
2021	0.81%	1.53%
2020	0.81%	1.6%
2019	0.82%	1.7%
2018	0.82%	1.81%
2017	0.82%	1.95%
2016	0.82%	2.11%
2015	0.81%	2.31%
2014	0.81%	2.54%
2013	0.81%	2.77%
2012	0.8%	3.04%
2011	0.81%	3.33%
2010	0.81%	3.63%
2009	0.82%	3.95%
2008	0.82%	4.3%
2007	0.82%	4.68%
2006	0.83%	5.11%
2005	0.83%	5.56%
2004	0.84%	6.05%
2003	0.85%	6.57%
2002	0.88%	7.1%
2001	0.93%	7.66%
2000	1%	8.21%
1999	1.07%	8.76%
1998	1.15%	9.26%
1997	1.23%	9.73%
1996	1.29%	10.1%
1995	1.34%	10.4%
1994	1.39%	10.7%
1993	1.45%	10.8%
1992	1.51%	10.9%
1991	1.58%	10.9%
1990	1.66%	10.8%
1989	1.74%	10.7%
1988	1.83%	10.6%
1987	1.93%	10.4%
1986	2.05%	11.4%
1985	2.18%	9.99%
1984	2.32%	9.77%
1983	2.47%	9.56%
1982	2.65%	9.37%
1981	2.84%	9.21%
1980	3.04%	9.1%
1979	3.25%	9.02%
1978	3.48%	8.96%
1977	3.71%	8.93%
1976	3.97%	8.89%
1975	4.23%	8.85%
1974	4.5%	8.79%
1973	4.79%	8.73%
1972	5.06%	8.67%
1971	5.32%	8.63%
1970	5.56%	8.64%
1969	5.79%	8.71%
1968	6.02%	8.85%
1967	6.27%	9.04%
1966	6.56%	9.29%
1965	6.89%	9.56%
1964	7.28%	-
1963	7.74%	-
1962	8.25%	-
1961	8.83%	-
1960	9.46%	-

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.81% in Malaysia and 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.