Fertility & birth rates in Oman and Sao Tome and Principe

Fertility rate in Oman vs Sao Tome and Principe chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Oman was 2.53 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.64 in Sao Tome and Principe in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Oman vs Sao Tome and Principe population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Oman	Sao Tome
1960	7.28	6.24
1961	7.29	6.26
1962	7.32	6.28
1963	7.33	6.31
1964	7.37	6.33
1965	7.39	6.35
1966	7.41	6.37
1967	7.44	6.39
1968	7.46	6.42
1969	7.49	6.44
1970	7.52	6.47
1971	7.56	6.49
1972	7.59	6.51
1973	7.63	6.53
1974	7.67	6.53
1975	7.71	6.53
1976	7.74	6.52
1977	7.78	6.5
1978	7.82	6.47
1979	7.85	6.43
1980	7.89	6.39
1981	7.9	6.33
1982	7.84	6.28
1983	7.75	6.22
1984	7.64	6.16
1985	7.51	6.1
1986	7.35	6.05
1987	7.18	5.99
1988	6.95	5.94
1989	6.72	5.88
1990	6.46	5.83
1991	6.2	5.77
1992	5.92	5.7
1993	5.64	5.64
1994	5.36	5.56
1995	5.07	5.55
1996	4.79	5.47
1997	4.52	5.4
1998	4.27	5.3
1999	4.06	5.23
2000	3.85	5.16
2001	3.66	5.1
2002	3.51	5.06
2003	3.37	5.01
2004	3.2	4.96
2005	3.03	4.94
2006	2.88	4.93
2007	2.76	4.96
2008	2.76	4.91
2009	2.83	4.84
2010	2.97	4.77
2011	2.96	4.72
2012	2.93	4.66
2013	2.95	4.58
2014	2.97	4.49
2015	2.97	4.35
2016	2.95	4.2
2017	2.92	4.07
2018	2.81	3.98
2019	2.7	3.9
2020	2.64	3.83
2021	2.59	3.76
2022	2.45	3.7
2023	2.53	3.64
2024	2.51	3.6
2025	2.48	3.53
2026	2.44	3.47
2027	2.41	3.42
2028	2.37	3.36
2029	2.33	3.32
2030	2.29	3.26
2031	2.26	3.21
2032	2.22	3.17
2033	2.19	3.13
2034	2.16	3.09
2035	2.14	3.04
2036	2.11	3.01
2037	2.09	2.97
2038	2.07	2.94
2039	2.05	2.9
2040	2.03	2.87
2041	2.01	2.83
2042	2	2.8
2043	1.98	2.78
2044	1.97	2.75
2045	1.96	2.73
2046	1.95	2.7
2047	1.93	2.67
2048	1.92	2.64
2049	1.92	2.62
2050	1.91	2.59

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Oman	Sao Tome
1960	41.5%	32.9%
1961	41.6%	34.3%
1962	41.7%	36.6%
1963	42%	38.5%
1964	42.6%	40.2%
1965	43.2%	41.6%
1966	43.8%	42.9%
1967	44.3%	44%
1968	44.8%	44.9%
1969	45.3%	45.8%
1970	45.9%	46.2%
1971	46.4%	46.1%
1972	46.8%	45.9%
1973	47.3%	45.7%
1974	47.5%	45.6%
1975	47.5%	45.5%
1976	47.5%	45.4%
1977	47.4%	45.3%
1978	47.3%	45.2%
1979	47.2%	45.1%
1980	47.1%	44.9%
1981	47.1%	44.7%
1982	47.1%	44.5%
1983	47.2%	44.5%
1984	47.2%	44.4%
1985	47%	44.5%
1986	46.5%	44.7%
1987	45.9%	44.9%
1988	45.1%	45%
1989	44.3%	45%
1990	43.4%	45.1%
1991	42.5%	45.1%
1992	41.5%	45.2%
1993	40.5%	45.2%
1994	39.9%	45.1%
1995	39.7%	44.9%
1996	39.3%	44.7%
1997	38.7%	44.3%
1998	38%	43.9%
1999	37.3%	43.4%
2000	36.6%	42.8%
2001	35.8%	42.5%
2002	35%	42.3%
2003	34.2%	42.2%
2004	33.2%	42.1%
2005	32.1%	42%
2006	30.9%	42%
2007	29.9%	42%
2008	29.1%	42.1%
2009	28.4%	42.1%
2010	27.9%	42.1%
2011	25.5%	42%
2012	22.8%	42%
2013	21.9%	42%
2014	22.1%	42%
2015	22.2%	41.9%
2016	22.1%	41.7%
2017	22.3%	41.4%
2018	22.9%	40.9%
2019	24%	40.5%
2020	25.6%	39.9%
2021	26.7%	39.4%
2022	26.2%	38.8%
2023	25.2%	38.3%
2024	24.7%	37.8%
2025	24.3%	37.5%
2026	24%	37.2%
2027	23.8%	36.8%
2028	23.6%	36.4%
2029	23.3%	36%
2030	23%	35.6%
2031	22.7%	35.4%
2032	22.4%	35.2%
2033	22.1%	35%
2034	21.8%	34.8%
2035	21.6%	34.7%
2036	21.4%	34.5%
2037	21.3%	34.2%
2038	21.3%	34%
2039	21.2%	33.8%
2040	21%	33.5%
2041	20.8%	33.2%
2042	20.7%	32.9%
2043	20.5%	32.6%
2044	20.4%	32.3%
2045	20.3%	32%
2046	20.2%	31.6%
2047	20.1%	31.3%
2048	20.1%	31%
2049	20%	30.6%
2050	20%	30.2%

Children aged 0-14 make up 24.7% of the population in Oman and 37.8% in Sao Tome and Principe in 2024, compared to 43.4% and 45.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Oman and Sao Tome and Principe compared.

Natural population change in Oman vs Sao Tome and Principe by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.7% in Oman and +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Oman	Sao Tome
1960	12,034	1,547
1961	12,690	1,657
1962	13,485	1,625
1963	14,283	1,609
1964	15,205	1,600
1965	16,103	1,611
1966	17,030	1,642
1967	17,990	1,693
1968	18,962	1,767
1969	19,949	1,862
1970	20,893	1,980
1971	21,973	2,127
1972	22,968	2,232
1973	24,195	2,329
1974	25,543	2,422
1975	27,699	2,515
1976	30,032	2,608
1977	32,342	2,705
1978	35,141	2,800
1979	38,022	2,893
1980	41,109	2,965
1981	44,176	3,015
1982	46,939	3,047
1983	49,646	3,100
1984	52,253	3,163
1985	54,609	3,242
1986	55,324	3,180
1987	55,933	3,440
1988	56,142	3,544
1989	56,202	3,576
1990	56,000	3,719
1991	55,382	3,801
1992	54,471	3,822
1993	53,439	3,841
1994	52,337	3,860
1995	51,139	3,948
1996	50,362	3,993
1997	49,510	4,041
1998	48,654	4,120
1999	48,053	4,221
2000	47,208	4,334
2001	46,651	4,471
2002	46,397	4,591
2003	46,273	4,702
2004	45,651	4,810
2005	44,688	4,897
2006	43,969	5,057
2007	44,207	5,226
2008	47,146	5,297
2009	52,007	5,349
2010	57,619	5,391
2011	59,689	5,445
2012	65,572	5,501
2013	71,905	5,449
2014	76,258	5,381
2015	79,241	5,269
2016	81,350	5,125
2017	82,408	5,007
2018	79,438	4,957
2019	77,394	4,932
2020	74,224	4,874
2021	69,991	4,954
2022	67,278	5,102
2023	75,467	5,221

Maternal mortality chart: Oman vs Sao Tome and Principe

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 13 deaths per 100,000 live births in Oman, compared to 75 deaths in Sao Tome and Principe.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Oman	Sao Tome
1985	43	159
1986	40	175
1987	37	161
1988	34	157
1989	32	167
1990	29	164
1991	28	166
1992	26	164
1993	25	166
1994	23	168
1995	22	172
1996	21	171
1997	20	173
1998	20	175
1999	19	179
2000	19	180
2001	18	178
2002	18	179
2003	18	178
2004	18	177
2005	18	181
2006	18	177
2007	18	174
2008	18	174
2009	17	172
2010	17	170
2011	16	164
2012	16	158
2013	15	150
2014	15	138
2015	15	128
2016	14	119
2017	14	110
2018	14	100
2019	14	95
2020	32	92
2021	74	98
2022	13	82
2023	13	75

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.04% in Oman and 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Oman	Sao Tome
1960	37.5%	-
1961	35.8%	-
1962	34.2%	-
1963	32.7%	-
1964	31.2%	-
1965	29.8%	9.56%
1966	28.4%	9.29%
1967	27.1%	9.04%
1968	25.7%	8.85%
1969	24.4%	8.71%
1970	23.1%	8.64%
1971	21.8%	8.63%
1972	20.5%	8.67%
1973	19.3%	8.73%
1974	18.1%	8.79%
1975	16.9%	8.85%
1976	15.7%	8.89%
1977	14.5%	8.93%
1978	13.4%	8.96%
1979	12.2%	9.02%
1980	11.1%	9.1%
1981	10.1%	9.21%
1982	9.1%	9.37%
1983	8.18%	9.56%
1984	7.34%	9.77%
1985	6.58%	9.99%
1986	5.9%	11.4%
1987	5.3%	10.4%
1988	4.78%	10.6%
1989	4.32%	10.7%
1990	3.91%	10.8%
1991	3.54%	10.9%
1992	3.2%	10.9%
1993	2.9%	10.8%
1994	2.64%	10.7%
1995	2.41%	10.4%
1996	2.22%	10.1%
1997	2.04%	9.73%
1998	1.89%	9.26%
1999	1.76%	8.76%
2000	1.64%	8.21%
2001	1.54%	7.66%
2002	1.45%	7.1%
2003	1.38%	6.57%
2004	1.32%	6.05%
2005	1.28%	5.56%
2006	1.24%	5.11%
2007	1.22%	4.68%
2008	1.2%	4.3%
2009	1.19%	3.95%
2010	1.17%	3.63%
2011	1.16%	3.33%
2012	1.15%	3.04%
2013	1.13%	2.77%
2014	1.12%	2.54%
2015	1.12%	2.31%
2016	1.11%	2.11%
2017	1.1%	1.95%
2018	1.09%	1.81%
2019	1.08%	1.7%
2020	1.07%	1.6%
2021	1.06%	1.53%
2022	1.05%	1.46%
2023	1.04%	1.39%