Turkmenistan birth & fertility rate decline on charts

Turkmenistan has a birth rate of 21.7 (annual births per 1,000 people) and a fertility rate of 2.69 (the average number of children a woman is expected to have over her lifetime based on current age-specific birth rates).

In 1960, the fertility rate in Turkmenistan was 6.59 children per woman — 2.45 times higher than in 2023.

Turkmenistan birth rate statistics:

Turkmenistan is ranked 64/196 by birth rate now and was ranked 51/194 in 1960.
The mean age at first birth in Turkmenistan is 24.1 — it was 24.3 in 1990.
The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 27.8, a change from 28.9 in 1990.
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) changed from 52 in 1960 to 21.2 in 2023.
25.5% of the population in 2024 is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), a change from 23.1% in 1960.

Fertility rate in Turkmenistan by year

1x

Year	Fertility rate	Rank
2023	2.69	69
2022	2.73	67
2021	2.75	68
2020	2.79	70
2019	2.83	71
2018	2.88	69
2017	2.93	68
2016	2.99	69
2015	3.03	68
2014	3.02	71
2013	3.01	71
2012	2.96	72
2011	2.9	74
2010	2.85	76
2009	2.79	78
2008	2.75	80
2007	2.73	81
2006	2.72	84
2005	2.71	88
2004	2.67	92
2003	2.67	95
2002	2.71	94
2001	2.81	92
2000	2.9	91
1999	2.98	89
1998	3.08	89
1997	3.18	90
1996	3.29	88
1995	3.49	86
1994	3.62	88
1993	3.78	87
1992	3.96	85
1991	4.14	85
1990	4.29	85
1989	4.46	82
1988	4.68	82
1987	4.84	81
1986	4.94	81
1985	4.97	83
1984	4.96	83
1983	4.97	83
1982	5.04	84
1981	5.16	83
1980	5.3	83
1979	5.46	82
1978	5.61	80
1977	5.77	75
1976	5.9	72
1975	6	71
1974	6.09	71
1973	6.15	71
1972	6.2	73
1971	6.32	67
1970	6.4	66
1969	6.48	63
1968	6.56	60
1967	6.64	57
1966	6.7	53
1965	6.76	53
1964	6.79	54
1963	6.79	56
1962	6.76	56
1961	6.69	60
1960	6.59	67

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/turkmenistan | CC BY

According to the latest birth rate data available, the fertility rate in Turkmenistan is 2.69, which is above the replacement level of 2.1 children per woman. In 1993, the fertility rate was 3.78 — a 28.8% decline in 30 years.

Check population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart above shows the historical changes in fertility rate and ranking compared to other countries, where a lower rank number indicates a higher relative fertility rate.

Births, deaths, and natural population change by year

1x

Year	People
Year	Natural change	Births	Deaths
2023	117,529	160,102	42,573
2022	121,814	163,655	41,841
2021	122,721	165,585	42,864
2020	124,014	167,631	43,617
2019	128,275	169,003	40,728
2018	129,537	169,729	40,192
2017	131,417	170,953	39,536
2016	132,581	171,345	38,764
2015	132,663	170,722	38,059
2014	129,677	166,863	37,186
2013	126,217	162,446	36,229
2012	120,957	156,110	35,153
2011	115,197	149,462	34,265
2010	109,318	143,076	33,758
2009	102,931	136,589	33,658
2008	96,815	130,643	33,828
2007	92,038	126,056	34,018
2006	87,840	121,795	33,955
2005	83,968	117,535	33,567
2004	79,850	112,846	32,996
2003	76,737	109,169	32,432
2002	75,639	107,704	32,065
2001	76,682	108,502	31,820
2000	76,875	108,687	31,812
1999	76,362	108,319	31,957
1998	77,342	109,715	32,373
1997	79,045	111,527	32,482
1996	80,996	113,366	32,370
1995	86,289	118,510	32,221
1994	89,319	121,280	31,961
1993	92,596	124,153	31,557
1992	96,668	127,756	31,088
1991	99,297	129,939	30,642
1990	101,099	131,397	30,298
1989	103,553	133,654	30,101
1988	104,802	134,647	29,845
1987	103,885	133,378	29,493
1986	100,930	130,136	29,206
1985	95,890	124,737	28,847
1984	90,591	119,198	28,607
1983	85,183	113,477	28,294
1982	80,989	109,092	28,103
1981	77,829	106,028	28,199
1980	74,394	102,959	28,565
1979	71,135	100,427	29,292
1978	68,437	98,189	29,752
1977	66,318	96,212	29,894
1976	64,513	94,092	29,579
1975	62,681	91,909	29,228
1974	60,925	89,812	28,887
1973	59,169	87,738	28,569
1972	57,326	85,661	28,335
1971	56,666	84,879	28,213
1970	55,617	83,769	28,152
1969	54,791	82,991	28,200
1968	54,324	82,695	28,371
1967	54,209	82,815	28,606
1966	54,353	83,207	28,854
1965	54,558	83,618	29,060
1964	54,574	83,751	29,177
1963	54,203	83,379	29,176
1962	53,248	82,305	29,057
1961	51,659	80,484	28,825
1960	49,436	77,959	28,523

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/turkmenistan | CC BY

Over the past 10 years, the natural population change in Turkmenistan (from births and deaths only, excluding migration) has been +1.9% annually. On average, 127,022 more people were born each year than died.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was 1.6% — 117,529 more people were born than died.

In 2023, Turkmenistan ranks 74/196 for absolute natural population change and 63/196 for natural change rate, where a lower rank number indicates faster natural growth and a higher number indicates greater decline.

Birth rates in Turkmenistan compared to other countries

	Turkmenistan	Rank
Fertility rate	2.69	69/196
Birth rate	21.7	64/196
Population change due to births and deaths	+117,529	74/196
Natural population change rate	+1.6%	63/196
Population growth	+1.77%	61/197
Age at first childbirth	24.1 years	63/137
Average age at childbearing	27.8 years	165/197
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19	19.8	119/197
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29	160.7	51/197
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+	28.9	80/197
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population	25.5%	64/196
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49	47.3%	84/179
Share of births attended by skilled health staff	100%	17/191
Maternal mortality per live birth	0.005%	171/193
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age)	2.28%	33/193
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age)	3.12%	44/196
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age	4%	40/192
Life expectancy	70.5 years	135/197

Birth rates by women's age

Annual births per 1,000 women

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 women
Year	Total	15-19	20-29	30+
2026	37.7	19.8	160.7	28.9
2025	39.3	20.1	163.2	29.4
2024	41	20.8	165.9	29.8
2023	42.7	21.7	168.5	30.2
2022	44.4	22.5	171.6	30.6
2021	45.7	23.9	173.3	31.1
2020	47.3	24.4	176.1	31.8
2019	48.7	25.2	178.8	32.3
2018	50	25.3	181.4	33.1
2017	51.5	26.4	185.1	33.9
2016	52.8	27.8	188.1	34.6
2015	53.8	28.2	191.3	35.1
2014	53.8	27.9	191.4	34.9
2013	53.6	27.2	191	34.8
2012	52.7	26.2	188.7	34.2
2011	51.6	25	185.4	33.9
2010	50.5	24.2	182.8	33.4
2009	49.2	23.3	180	32.9
2008	48	22.6	177.6	32.4
2007	47.3	22.1	177.5	32.1
2006	46.6	21.7	177.5	31.9
2005	45.8	21.5	178	31.4
2004	44.8	21.1	178	30.5
2003	44.2	21.8	177	30.6
2002	44.5	22.2	180.4	31.1
2001	45.8	23.4	185.9	33
2000	46.8	25	191.3	34.4
1999	47.7	26.5	195.3	36.1
1998	49.2	27.1	200.5	38.7
1997	50.8	26.5	207.5	41.2
1996	52.5	25.3	211.5	45.1
1995	55.8	25.5	221.4	49.8
1994	58.2	26.4	227.3	53
1993	60.7	27.5	235.8	56
1992	63.8	25.7	242.8	60.5
1991	66.4	24	247	65.4
1990	68.7	22.7	253.6	67.6
1989	71.7	21.6	264	69.3
1988	74.3	20.4	274.3	70.8
1987	76	20.7	280.5	71.4
1986	76.5	21.3	285.3	70
1985	75.6	21.5	286.3	67.9
1984	74.4	22.3	284.4	66
1983	72.7	22.3	281.9	64.6
1982	71.8	24	280.3	65.3
1981	71.6	23.3	284	66.4
1980	71.3	22.6	284.9	68.8
1979	71.3	22.8	287.7	71.5
1978	71.5	22.8	295.1	74
1977	71.8	24.1	299.7	78.2
1976	72	25.4	303	82.8
1975	72.1	26.5	305	87.5
1974	72.2	28.4	305	92.3
1973	72.3	29.5	304	96.7
1972	72.4	29.7	301	100.8
1971	73.6	31.3	301	105.8
1970	74.5	33.1	299.6	109.6
1969	75.7	35.2	301	112
1968	77.5	36.4	298.9	113.5
1967	79.7	35.6	302	113.8
1966	82.4	36.1	306	113.8
1965	85.2	38.2	311	113.4
1964	87.9	41.5	314	112.7
1963	90.2	44.1	316	111.3
1962	91.8	46.7	315	109.6
1961	92.7	49.2	311	107.2
1960	92.6	50.7	305	103.9

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/turkmenistan | CC BY

Above is a chart displaying birth rates in Turkmenistan by maternal age. In 2026, of all live births, 3.88% will be to women under age 20, 59.1% to women ages 20-29, and 37% to women ages 30 and above. The respective shares in 1990 were 3.26%, 65.7%, and 31%.

Children 0-14 years as share of population by year

1x

Year	Children 0-14 as share of population
Year	Turkmenistan	World
2100	15.5%	16.5%
2099	15.6%	16.6%
2098	15.7%	16.6%
2097	15.8%	16.7%
2096	15.9%	16.8%
2095	16%	16.8%
2094	16.2%	16.9%
2093	16.3%	17%
2092	16.5%	17%
2091	16.6%	17.1%
2090	16.8%	17.2%
2089	16.9%	17.2%
2088	17.1%	17.3%
2087	17.2%	17.4%
2086	17.4%	17.4%
2085	17.5%	17.5%
2084	17.7%	17.5%
2083	17.8%	17.6%
2082	17.9%	17.7%
2081	18%	17.7%
2080	18%	17.8%
2079	18.1%	17.8%
2078	18.2%	17.9%
2077	18.2%	17.9%
2076	18.2%	18%
2075	18.3%	18%
2074	18.3%	18.1%
2073	18.4%	18.2%
2072	18.4%	18.2%
2071	18.5%	18.3%
2070	18.6%	18.3%
2069	18.7%	18.4%
2068	18.9%	18.5%
2067	19%	18.6%
2066	19.2%	18.6%
2065	19.5%	18.7%
2064	19.7%	18.8%
2063	20%	18.9%
2062	20.2%	19.1%
2061	20.5%	19.2%
2060	20.8%	19.3%
2059	21.1%	19.4%
2058	21.4%	19.5%
2057	21.7%	19.6%
2056	22%	19.8%
2055	22.2%	19.9%
2054	22.4%	20%
2053	22.6%	20.1%
2052	22.8%	20.2%
2051	22.9%	20.3%
2050	23%	20.4%
2049	23%	20.5%
2048	23%	20.6%
2047	23%	20.7%
2046	23%	20.8%
2045	23%	20.9%
2044	23%	20.9%
2043	23.1%	21%
2042	23.2%	21.1%
2041	23.3%	21.2%
2040	23.5%	21.2%
2039	23.8%	21.3%
2038	24.2%	21.4%
2037	24.6%	21.5%
2036	25%	21.6%
2035	25.5%	21.8%
2034	26.1%	22%
2033	26.7%	22.2%
2032	27.4%	22.4%
2031	28.1%	22.7%
2030	28.7%	23%
2029	29.4%	23.3%
2028	30%	23.6%
2027	30.6%	23.9%
2026	31%	24.2%
2025	31.4%	24.6%
2024	31.5%	24.7%
2023	31.7%	25%
2022	31.7%	25.3%
2021	31.5%	25.6%
2020	31.2%	25.8%
2019	30.9%	26%
2018	30.5%	26.2%
2017	30.2%	26.4%
2016	29.9%	26.5%
2015	29.7%	26.6%
2014	29.6%	26.8%
2013	29.6%	26.9%
2012	29.7%	27%
2011	30%	27.1%
2010	30.3%	27.3%
2009	30.8%	27.5%
2008	31.3%	27.6%
2007	31.9%	27.9%
2006	32.6%	28.1%
2005	33.3%	28.5%
2004	34%	28.8%
2003	34.8%	29.2%
2002	35.6%	29.6%
2001	36.4%	30%
2000	37.3%	30.4%
1999	38.1%	30.8%
1998	38.9%	31.1%
1997	39.6%	31.5%
1996	40.2%	31.8%
1995	40.5%	32.1%
1994	40.8%	32.3%
1993	41%	32.5%
1992	41.1%	32.7%
1991	41.2%	32.9%
1990	41.2%	33%
1989	41.2%	33.2%
1988	41.1%	33.4%
1987	41%	33.6%
1986	40.8%	33.8%
1985	40.7%	34%
1984	40.7%	34.3%
1983	40.7%	34.6%
1982	40.8%	34.9%
1981	41%	35.2%
1980	41.3%	35.5%
1979	41.6%	35.9%
1978	42.1%	36.3%
1977	42.5%	36.7%
1976	43%	36.9%
1975	43.4%	37.1%
1974	43.9%	37.2%
1973	44.4%	37.3%
1972	44.8%	37.5%
1971	45.1%	37.6%
1970	45.4%	37.7%
1969	45.5%	37.8%
1968	45.6%	37.9%
1967	45.4%	38%
1966	45.2%	38%
1965	44.9%	38%
1964	44.5%	38%
1963	43.8%	37.8%
1962	42.8%	37.6%
1961	41.7%	37.5%
1960	40.4%	37.4%

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/turkmenistan | CC BY

The share of children aged 0-14 in Turkmenistan was 40.4% in 1960, 41.1% in 1992, and 31.5% as of the latest data in 2024.

More about the demographics of Turkmenistan.

Fertility rates around the globe

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/turkmenistan | CC BY

Maternal mortality by year

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
2023	5	197
2022	5	203
2021	6	242
2020	5	211
2019	5	207
2018	5	211
2017	5	215
2016	6	220
2015	6	228
2014	6	231
2013	7	235
2012	7	239
2011	8	247
2010	9	253
2009	10	258
2008	11	264
2007	13	269
2006	14	276
2005	15	283
2004	17	291
2003	18	301
2002	20	311
2001	22	321
2000	25	328
1999	29	340
1998	34	360
1997	40	358
1996	46	366
1995	50	371
1994	54	382
1993	56	389
1992	58	395
1991	60	395
1990	62	391
1989	65	401
1988	69	414
1987	72	429
1986	75	438
1985	77	460

Data sources: World Bank | Gender (1985–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/turkmenistan | CC BY

The maternal mortality rate in Turkmenistan was 5 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2023 — a 0.005% chance of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination. This is a 80% decrease compared to the year 2000.

Under-five mortality by year

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
Year	Turkmenistan	World
2023	4%	2.49%
2022	4.1%	2.59%
2021	4.18%	2.66%
2020	4.26%	2.75%
2019	4.33%	2.86%
2018	4.36%	2.97%
2017	4.37%	3.11%
2016	4.33%	3.22%
2015	4.29%	3.35%
2014	4.25%	3.48%
2013	4.25%	3.61%
2012	4.25%	3.77%
2011	4.29%	3.97%
2010	4.36%	4.11%
2009	4.45%	4.31%
2008	4.6%	4.5%
2007	4.77%	4.7%
2006	4.99%	4.92%
2005	5.25%	5.16%
2004	5.56%	5.43%
2003	5.88%	5.65%
2002	6.24%	5.94%
2001	6.61%	6.21%
2000	6.97%	6.48%
1999	7.31%	6.75%
1998	7.59%	7.05%
1997	7.79%	7.28%
1996	7.9%	7.52%
1995	7.94%	7.76%
1994	7.92%	7.98%
1993	7.87%	8.19%
1992	7.83%	8.46%
1991	7.83%	8.66%
1990	7.91%	8.81%
1989	8.09%	9.02%
1988	8.36%	9.31%
1987	8.7%	9.47%
1986	9.08%	9.81%
1985	9.51%	10.1%
1984	9.98%	10.4%
1983	10.5%	10.6%
1982	10.9%	10.8%
1981	11.4%	11%
1980	11.9%	11.4%
1979	12.3%	11.7%
1978	12.8%	12.2%
1977	13.2%	12.6%
1976	-	13%
1975	-	13.4%
1974	-	13.8%
1973	-	14.1%
1972	-	14.5%
1971	-	15.1%
1970	-	15.2%
1969	-	15.4%
1968	-	15.6%
1967	-	15.9%
1966	-	16.1%
1965	-	16.4%
1964	-	16.6%
1963	-	16.5%
1962	-	16.7%
1961	-	17%
1960	-	17.2%

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/turkmenistan | CC BY

The under-5 mortality rate in Turkmenistan was 40 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2023 — a 4% chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five. This is down from 69.7 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000.