Fertility & birth rates in Cape Verde and Sao Tome and Principe

Fertility rate in Cape Verde vs Sao Tome and Principe chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Cape Verde was 1.52 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.64 in Sao Tome and Principe in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Cape Verde vs Sao Tome and Principe population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Cape Verde	Sao Tome
1960	6.89	6.24
1961	6.92	6.26
1962	6.95	6.28
1963	6.98	6.31
1964	6.99	6.33
1965	6.99	6.35
1966	6.99	6.37
1967	6.98	6.39
1968	6.97	6.42
1969	6.95	6.44
1970	6.94	6.47
1971	6.91	6.49
1972	6.89	6.51
1973	6.86	6.53
1974	6.82	6.53
1975	6.77	6.53
1976	6.71	6.52
1977	6.65	6.5
1978	6.56	6.47
1979	6.47	6.43
1980	6.38	6.39
1981	6.27	6.33
1982	6.17	6.28
1983	6.07	6.22
1984	5.97	6.16
1985	5.92	6.1
1986	5.81	6.05
1987	5.68	5.99
1988	5.55	5.94
1989	5.45	5.88
1990	5.36	5.83
1991	5.26	5.77
1992	5.12	5.7
1993	4.95	5.64
1994	4.72	5.56
1995	4.49	5.55
1996	4.26	5.47
1997	4.05	5.4
1998	3.9	5.3
1999	3.73	5.23
2000	3.55	5.16
2001	3.37	5.1
2002	3.19	5.06
2003	3.03	5.01
2004	2.9	4.96
2005	2.73	4.94
2006	2.56	4.93
2007	2.41	4.96
2008	2.3	4.91
2009	2.25	4.84
2010	2.33	4.77
2011	2.33	4.72
2012	2.15	4.66
2013	2.07	4.58
2014	2.03	4.49
2015	1.97	4.35
2016	1.97	4.2
2017	1.93	4.07
2018	1.8	3.98
2019	1.7	3.9
2020	1.59	3.83
2021	1.55	3.76
2022	1.53	3.7
2023	1.52	3.64
2024	1.51	3.6
2025	1.5	3.53
2026	1.49	3.47
2027	1.48	3.42
2028	1.47	3.36
2029	1.47	3.32
2030	1.47	3.26
2031	1.47	3.21
2032	1.47	3.17
2033	1.47	3.13
2034	1.47	3.09
2035	1.47	3.04
2036	1.47	3.01
2037	1.47	2.97
2038	1.47	2.94
2039	1.48	2.9
2040	1.48	2.87
2041	1.48	2.83
2042	1.48	2.8
2043	1.49	2.78
2044	1.49	2.75
2045	1.49	2.73
2046	1.49	2.7
2047	1.49	2.67
2048	1.5	2.64
2049	1.5	2.62
2050	1.5	2.59

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Cape Verde	Sao Tome
1960	43.6%	32.9%
1961	44.3%	34.3%
1962	45.1%	36.6%
1963	45.6%	38.5%
1964	46%	40.2%
1965	46.2%	41.6%
1966	46.2%	42.9%
1967	46.1%	44%
1968	45.9%	44.9%
1969	45.5%	45.8%
1970	45.2%	46.2%
1971	45%	46.1%
1972	45%	45.9%
1973	45%	45.7%
1974	44.9%	45.6%
1975	45.3%	45.5%
1976	45.9%	45.4%
1977	46.5%	45.3%
1978	46.9%	45.2%
1979	47.3%	45.1%
1980	47.4%	44.9%
1981	47.3%	44.7%
1982	47%	44.5%
1983	46.8%	44.5%
1984	46.6%	44.4%
1985	46.4%	44.5%
1986	46.2%	44.7%
1987	46.1%	44.9%
1988	45.9%	45%
1989	45.8%	45%
1990	45.7%	45.1%
1991	45.6%	45.1%
1992	45.5%	45.2%
1993	45.2%	45.2%
1994	44.9%	45.1%
1995	44.6%	44.9%
1996	44.2%	44.7%
1997	43.7%	44.3%
1998	43.2%	43.9%
1999	42.5%	43.4%
2000	41.8%	42.8%
2001	40.9%	42.5%
2002	39.9%	42.3%
2003	38.9%	42.2%
2004	37.9%	42.1%
2005	36.9%	42%
2006	36%	42%
2007	35%	42%
2008	34.1%	42.1%
2009	33.1%	42.1%
2010	32.2%	42.1%
2011	31.3%	42%
2012	30.4%	42%
2013	29.8%	42%
2014	29.2%	42%
2015	28.8%	41.9%
2016	28.5%	41.7%
2017	28.4%	41.4%
2018	28.4%	40.9%
2019	28.4%	40.5%
2020	28.4%	39.9%
2021	28%	39.4%
2022	27.2%	38.8%
2023	26.4%	38.3%
2024	25.5%	37.8%
2025	24.7%	37.5%
2026	23.8%	37.2%
2027	23%	36.8%
2028	22.2%	36.4%
2029	21.4%	36%
2030	20.6%	35.6%
2031	19.8%	35.4%
2032	19%	35.2%
2033	18.2%	35%
2034	17.5%	34.8%
2035	16.9%	34.7%
2036	16.6%	34.5%
2037	16.5%	34.2%
2038	16.4%	34%
2039	16.4%	33.8%
2040	16.3%	33.5%
2041	16.2%	33.2%
2042	16.2%	32.9%
2043	16.1%	32.6%
2044	16.1%	32.3%
2045	16%	32%
2046	16%	31.6%
2047	15.9%	31.3%
2048	15.8%	31%
2049	15.7%	30.6%
2050	15.6%	30.2%

Children aged 0-14 make up 25.5% of the population in Cape Verde and 37.8% in Sao Tome and Principe in 2024, compared to 45.7% and 45.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Cape Verde and Sao Tome and Principe compared.

Natural population change in Cape Verde vs Sao Tome and Principe by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.98% in Cape Verde and +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Cape Verde	Sao Tome
1960	6,098	1,547
1961	6,247	1,657
1962	6,468	1,625
1963	6,589	1,609
1964	6,725	1,600
1965	6,877	1,611
1966	7,039	1,642
1967	7,214	1,693
1968	7,408	1,767
1969	7,625	1,862
1970	7,878	1,980
1971	8,359	2,127
1972	8,716	2,232
1973	9,003	2,329
1974	9,295	2,422
1975	9,601	2,515
1976	9,833	2,608
1977	10,036	2,705
1978	10,152	2,800
1979	10,223	2,893
1980	10,276	2,965
1981	10,470	3,015
1982	10,597	3,047
1983	10,736	3,100
1984	10,835	3,163
1985	11,105	3,242
1986	11,295	3,180
1987	11,426	3,440
1988	11,523	3,544
1989	11,608	3,576
1990	11,738	3,719
1991	11,899	3,801
1992	11,915	3,822
1993	11,805	3,841
1994	11,410	3,860
1995	10,764	3,948
1996	10,613	3,993
1997	10,323	4,041
1998	10,187	4,120
1999	9,989	4,221
2000	9,752	4,334
2001	9,510	4,471
2002	9,278	4,591
2003	9,037	4,702
2004	8,825	4,810
2005	8,428	4,897
2006	7,980	5,057
2007	7,559	5,226
2008	7,313	5,297
2009	7,216	5,349
2010	7,746	5,391
2011	7,874	5,445
2012	7,157	5,501
2013	6,780	5,449
2014	6,622	5,381
2015	6,314	5,269
2016	6,238	5,125
2017	5,993	5,007
2018	5,282	4,957
2019	4,773	4,932
2020	3,734	4,874
2021	3,575	4,954
2022	3,864	5,102
2023	3,798	5,221

Maternal mortality chart: Cape Verde vs Sao Tome and Principe

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 40 deaths per 100,000 live births in Cape Verde, compared to 75 deaths in Sao Tome and Principe.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Cape Verde	Sao Tome
1985	420	159
1986	394	175
1987	366	161
1988	346	157
1989	322	167
1990	298	164
1991	277	166
1992	255	164
1993	233	166
1994	214	168
1995	196	172
1996	167	171
1997	147	173
1998	134	175
1999	122	179
2000	110	180
2001	101	178
2002	92	179
2003	86	178
2004	80	177
2005	75	181
2006	76	177
2007	73	174
2008	68	174
2009	62	172
2010	61	170
2011	55	164
2012	51	158
2013	50	150
2014	48	138
2015	46	128
2016	44	119
2017	43	110
2018	43	100
2019	41	95
2020	56	92
2021	56	98
2022	42	82
2023	40	75

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.16% in Cape Verde and 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Cape Verde	Sao Tome
1960	17.2%	-
1961	16.9%	-
1962	16.6%	-
1963	16.2%	-
1964	15.9%	-
1965	15.4%	9.56%
1966	15%	9.29%
1967	14.5%	9.04%
1968	14%	8.85%
1969	13.4%	8.71%
1970	12.8%	8.64%
1971	12.1%	8.63%
1972	11.5%	8.67%
1973	10.8%	8.73%
1974	10.2%	8.79%
1975	9.6%	8.85%
1976	9.09%	8.89%
1977	8.65%	8.93%
1978	8.27%	8.96%
1979	8%	9.02%
1980	7.82%	9.1%
1981	7.72%	9.21%
1982	7.65%	9.37%
1983	7.59%	9.56%
1984	7.46%	9.77%
1985	7.25%	9.99%
1986	6.95%	11.4%
1987	6.59%	10.4%
1988	6.21%	10.6%
1989	5.88%	10.7%
1990	5.64%	10.8%
1991	5.5%	10.9%
1992	5.46%	10.9%
1993	5.46%	10.8%
1994	5.45%	10.7%
1995	5.37%	10.4%
1996	5.17%	10.1%
1997	4.84%	9.73%
1998	4.44%	9.26%
1999	4%	8.76%
2000	3.6%	8.21%
2001	3.28%	7.66%
2002	3.05%	7.1%
2003	2.9%	6.57%
2004	2.82%	6.05%
2005	2.8%	5.56%
2006	2.8%	5.11%
2007	2.8%	4.68%
2008	2.79%	4.3%
2009	2.75%	3.95%
2010	2.67%	3.63%
2011	2.56%	3.33%
2012	2.42%	3.04%
2013	2.26%	2.77%
2014	2.09%	2.54%
2015	1.91%	2.31%
2016	1.76%	2.11%
2017	1.62%	1.95%
2018	1.51%	1.81%
2019	1.41%	1.7%
2020	1.33%	1.6%
2021	1.27%	1.53%
2022	1.21%	1.46%
2023	1.16%	1.39%