Fertility & birth rates in Australia and Sao Tome and Principe

Fertility rate in Australia vs Sao Tome and Principe chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Australia was 1.5 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.64 in Sao Tome and Principe in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Australia vs Sao Tome and Principe population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Australia	Sao Tome
1960	3.45	6.24
1961	3.54	6.26
1962	3.44	6.28
1963	3.33	6.31
1964	3.15	6.33
1965	2.98	6.35
1966	2.88	6.37
1967	2.85	6.39
1968	2.89	6.42
1969	2.89	6.44
1970	2.86	6.47
1971	2.96	6.49
1972	2.74	6.51
1973	2.49	6.53
1974	2.4	6.53
1975	2.15	6.53
1976	2.06	6.52
1977	2.01	6.5
1978	1.95	6.47
1979	1.91	6.43
1980	1.89	6.39
1981	1.94	6.33
1982	1.93	6.28
1983	1.92	6.22
1984	1.84	6.16
1985	1.92	6.1
1986	1.87	6.05
1987	1.85	5.99
1988	1.83	5.94
1989	1.84	5.88
1990	1.9	5.83
1991	1.85	5.77
1992	1.89	5.7
1993	1.86	5.64
1994	1.84	5.56
1995	1.82	5.55
1996	1.8	5.47
1997	1.78	5.4
1998	1.76	5.3
1999	1.76	5.23
2000	1.76	5.16
2001	1.74	5.1
2002	1.76	5.06
2003	1.75	5.01
2004	1.77	4.96
2005	1.81	4.94
2006	1.91	4.93
2007	1.96	4.96
2008	1.98	4.91
2009	1.97	4.84
2010	1.93	4.77
2011	1.93	4.72
2012	1.92	4.66
2013	1.86	4.58
2014	1.83	4.49
2015	1.81	4.35
2016	1.75	4.2
2017	1.74	4.07
2018	1.74	3.98
2019	1.66	3.9
2020	1.58	3.83
2021	1.7	3.76
2022	1.63	3.7
2023	1.5	3.64
2024	1.5	3.6
2025	1.5	3.53
2026	1.5	3.47
2027	1.5	3.42
2028	1.51	3.36
2029	1.5	3.32
2030	1.51	3.26
2031	1.5	3.21
2032	1.5	3.17
2033	1.5	3.13
2034	1.5	3.09
2035	1.5	3.04
2036	1.5	3.01
2037	1.5	2.97
2038	1.5	2.94
2039	1.5	2.9
2040	1.5	2.87
2041	1.5	2.83
2042	1.5	2.8
2043	1.5	2.78
2044	1.5	2.75
2045	1.5	2.73
2046	1.5	2.7
2047	1.5	2.67
2048	1.5	2.64
2049	1.5	2.62
2050	1.5	2.59

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Australia	Sao Tome
1960	30.2%	32.9%
1961	30.2%	34.3%
1962	30.1%	36.6%
1963	29.9%	38.5%
1964	29.8%	40.2%
1965	29.6%	41.6%
1966	29.5%	42.9%
1967	29.3%	44%
1968	29.1%	44.9%
1969	28.9%	45.8%
1970	28.8%	46.2%
1971	28.7%	46.1%
1972	28.5%	45.9%
1973	28.2%	45.7%
1974	27.9%	45.6%
1975	27.5%	45.5%
1976	27%	45.4%
1977	26.5%	45.3%
1978	26.1%	45.2%
1979	25.6%	45.1%
1980	25.3%	44.9%
1981	25%	44.7%
1982	24.7%	44.5%
1983	24.4%	44.5%
1984	24%	44.4%
1985	23.6%	44.5%
1986	23.1%	44.7%
1987	22.7%	44.9%
1988	22.4%	45%
1989	22.2%	45%
1990	22%	45.1%
1991	21.9%	45.1%
1992	21.8%	45.2%
1993	21.7%	45.2%
1994	21.7%	45.1%
1995	21.5%	44.9%
1996	21.4%	44.7%
1997	21.2%	44.3%
1998	21.1%	43.9%
1999	20.9%	43.4%
2000	20.8%	42.8%
2001	20.6%	42.5%
2002	20.4%	42.3%
2003	20.2%	42.2%
2004	20%	42.1%
2005	19.8%	42%
2006	19.6%	42%
2007	19.4%	42%
2008	19.3%	42.1%
2009	19.2%	42.1%
2010	19.1%	42.1%
2011	19%	42%
2012	18.9%	42%
2013	18.9%	42%
2014	18.9%	42%
2015	18.9%	41.9%
2016	18.9%	41.7%
2017	18.8%	41.4%
2018	18.8%	40.9%
2019	18.7%	40.5%
2020	18.6%	39.9%
2021	18.4%	39.4%
2022	18.2%	38.8%
2023	18%	38.3%
2024	17.8%	37.8%
2025	17.7%	37.5%
2026	17.5%	37.2%
2027	17.4%	36.8%
2028	17.2%	36.4%
2029	17%	36%
2030	16.9%	35.6%
2031	16.7%	35.4%
2032	16.6%	35.2%
2033	16.5%	35%
2034	16.4%	34.8%
2035	16.3%	34.7%
2036	16.2%	34.5%
2037	16.1%	34.2%
2038	16%	34%
2039	15.9%	33.8%
2040	15.9%	33.5%
2041	15.8%	33.2%
2042	15.8%	32.9%
2043	15.7%	32.6%
2044	15.7%	32.3%
2045	15.7%	32%
2046	15.7%	31.6%
2047	15.7%	31.3%
2048	15.7%	31%
2049	15.7%	30.6%
2050	15.7%	30.2%

Children aged 0-14 make up 17.8% of the population in Australia and 37.8% in Sao Tome and Principe in 2024, compared to 22% and 45.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Australia and Sao Tome and Principe compared.

Natural population change in Australia vs Sao Tome and Principe by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.56% in Australia and +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Australia	Sao Tome
1960	141,816	1,547
1961	150,955	1,657
1962	143,943	1,625
1963	140,161	1,609
1964	128,420	1,600
1965	122,990	1,611
1966	126,996	1,642
1967	126,249	1,693
1968	132,099	1,767
1969	143,477	1,862
1970	145,081	1,980
1971	165,593	2,127
1972	155,488	2,232
1973	136,476	2,329
1974	128,996	2,422
1975	123,648	2,515
1976	115,070	2,608
1977	117,793	2,705
1978	116,299	2,800
1979	116,112	2,893
1980	117,536	2,965
1981	125,356	3,015
1982	126,030	3,047
1983	130,844	3,100
1984	123,077	3,163
1985	143,674	3,242
1986	123,342	3,180
1987	128,484	3,440
1988	127,298	3,544
1989	127,789	3,576
1990	143,347	3,719
1991	138,273	3,801
1992	139,829	3,822
1993	137,551	3,841
1994	131,761	3,860
1995	131,436	3,948
1996	125,751	3,993
1997	121,592	4,041
1998	120,949	4,120
1999	118,517	4,221
2000	119,882	4,334
2001	117,575	4,471
2002	116,971	4,591
2003	118,325	4,702
2004	115,610	4,810
2005	129,132	4,897
2006	132,931	5,057
2007	154,124	5,226
2008	155,119	5,297
2009	160,518	5,349
2010	158,628	5,391
2011	156,380	5,445
2012	161,408	5,501
2013	159,584	5,449
2014	154,940	5,381
2015	150,041	5,269
2016	152,403	5,125
2017	150,015	5,007
2018	157,269	4,957
2019	136,808	4,932
2020	133,376	4,874
2021	138,701	4,954
2022	111,862	5,102
2023	103,945	5,221

Maternal mortality chart: Australia vs Sao Tome and Principe

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 2 deaths per 100,000 live births in Australia, compared to 75 deaths in Sao Tome and Principe.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Australia	Sao Tome
1985	9	159
1986	8	175
1987	9	161
1988	9	157
1989	9	167
1990	9	164
1991	9	166
1992	9	164
1993	9	166
1994	9	168
1995	9	172
1996	8	171
1997	8	173
1998	7	175
1999	7	179
2000	7	180
2001	6	178
2002	6	179
2003	5	178
2004	5	177
2005	5	181
2006	5	177
2007	5	174
2008	5	174
2009	5	172
2010	5	170
2011	6	164
2012	6	158
2013	6	150
2014	6	138
2015	6	128
2016	6	119
2017	6	110
2018	5	100
2019	5	95
2020	5	92
2021	4	98
2022	4	82
2023	2	75

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.37% in Australia and 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Australia	Sao Tome
1960	2.49%	-
1961	2.43%	-
1962	2.37%	-
1963	2.32%	-
1964	2.27%	-
1965	2.24%	9.56%
1966	2.21%	9.29%
1967	2.2%	9.04%
1968	2.19%	8.85%
1969	2.18%	8.71%
1970	2.15%	8.64%
1971	2.1%	8.63%
1972	2.03%	8.67%
1973	1.94%	8.73%
1974	1.84%	8.79%
1975	1.73%	8.85%
1976	1.62%	8.89%
1977	1.52%	8.93%
1978	1.44%	8.96%
1979	1.36%	9.02%
1980	1.3%	9.1%
1981	1.26%	9.21%
1982	1.22%	9.37%
1983	1.19%	9.56%
1984	1.16%	9.77%
1985	1.13%	9.99%
1986	1.1%	11.4%
1987	1.06%	10.4%
1988	1.02%	10.6%
1989	0.97%	10.7%
1990	0.92%	10.8%
1991	0.87%	10.9%
1992	0.82%	10.9%
1993	0.77%	10.8%
1994	0.73%	10.7%
1995	0.7%	10.4%
1996	0.68%	10.1%
1997	0.66%	9.73%
1998	0.64%	9.26%
1999	0.63%	8.76%
2000	0.62%	8.21%
2001	0.61%	7.66%
2002	0.6%	7.1%
2003	0.59%	6.57%
2004	0.58%	6.05%
2005	0.57%	5.56%
2006	0.56%	5.11%
2007	0.54%	4.68%
2008	0.52%	4.3%
2009	0.5%	3.95%
2010	0.48%	3.63%
2011	0.45%	3.33%
2012	0.43%	3.04%
2013	0.41%	2.77%
2014	0.4%	2.54%
2015	0.39%	2.31%
2016	0.38%	2.11%
2017	0.38%	1.95%
2018	0.38%	1.81%
2019	0.38%	1.7%
2020	0.38%	1.6%
2021	0.37%	1.53%
2022	0.37%	1.46%
2023	0.37%	1.39%