Fertility & birth rates in Panama and Spain

Fertility rate in Panama vs Spain by year

Chart Table

Panama

Spain

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Panama	Spain
2023	2.12	1.12
2022	2.14	1.16
2021	2.15	1.18
2020	2.18	1.18
2019	2.29	1.23
2018	2.4	1.26
2017	2.46	1.31
2016	2.5	1.33
2015	2.53	1.33
2014	2.55	1.32
2013	2.57	1.27
2012	2.59	1.32
2011	2.6	1.34
2010	2.59	1.37
2009	2.59	1.38
2008	2.61	1.45
2007	2.61	1.38
2006	2.62	1.36
2005	2.64	1.33
2004	2.68	1.31
2003	2.68	1.3
2002	2.7	1.25
2001	2.72	1.23
2000	2.74	1.22
1999	2.77	1.17
1998	2.79	1.13
1997	2.81	1.15
1996	2.83	1.14
1995	2.85	1.16
1994	2.88	1.19
1993	2.91	1.26
1992	2.95	1.31
1991	3	1.33
1990	3.07	1.36
1989	3.12	1.4
1988	3.17	1.45
1987	3.25	1.49
1986	3.34	1.56
1985	3.43	1.64
1984	3.52	1.73
1983	3.6	1.8
1982	3.66	1.94
1981	3.72	2.04
1980	3.8	2.22
1979	3.88	2.37
1978	3.98	2.54
1977	4.12	2.65
1976	4.26	2.77
1975	4.41	2.77
1974	4.58	2.88
1973	4.74	2.84
1972	4.91	2.87
1971	5.05	2.9
1970	5.18	2.84
1969	5.29	2.86
1968	5.41	2.87
1967	5.53	2.94
1966	5.65	2.91
1965	5.73	2.94
1964	5.81	3.01
1963	5.87	2.88
1962	5.87	2.8
1961	5.87	2.77
1960	5.83	2.86

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Panama was 2.12 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.12 in Spain in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Panama vs Spain population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Panama

Spain

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Panama	Spain
2023	50,197	-111,211
2022	50,556	-133,801
2021	46,747	-113,865
2020	46,599	-151,551
2019	54,420	-56,542
2018	57,508	-56,139
2017	58,607	-32,600
2016	59,454	0
2015	59,896	-4,642
2014	60,227	32,522
2013	60,295	37,284
2012	60,471	51,450
2011	60,411	84,137
2010	59,418	102,469
2009	59,168	106,635
2008	58,961	133,267
2007	58,454	108,545
2006	58,067	110,994
2005	58,014	78,576
2004	58,281	85,844
2003	57,458	54,844
2002	57,011	53,861
2001	56,654	44,936
2000	56,236	36,512
1999	55,911	8,077
1998	55,482	4,022
1997	55,060	20,028
1996	54,512	11,967
1995	54,069	15,889
1994	53,845	31,639
1993	53,591	47,234
1992	53,186	62,652
1991	53,079	58,450
1990	53,451	66,075
1989	52,295	81,538
1988	52,767	100,794
1987	52,690	116,054
1986	52,681	131,188
1985	52,573	146,184
1984	52,436	172,487
1983	51,880	183,223
1982	50,858	231,714
1981	50,018	237,879
1980	49,077	281,184
1979	48,362	312,407
1978	47,694	339,157
1977	47,438	361,465
1976	47,307	375,834
1975	47,149	371,882
1974	46,932	396,182
1973	46,540	374,381
1972	46,311	391,030
1971	45,867	369,625
1970	45,075	378,723
1969	44,278	367,851
1968	43,641	387,423
1967	43,054	402,001
1966	42,457	397,084
1965	41,604	405,819
1964	40,806	429,885
1963	39,872	394,338
1962	38,537	384,690
1961	37,100	396,537
1960	35,431	398,960

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +1.13% in Panama and -0.23% in Spain.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +1.31% in Panama and -0.13% in Spain.

Birth rate in Panama vs Spain by year

Chart Table

Panama

Spain

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Panama	Spain
2023	16	6.7
2022	16.2	6.9
2021	16.4	7.1
2020	16.7	7.2
2019	17.6	7.6
2018	18.5	7.9
2017	19.1	8.4
2016	19.5	8.8
2015	19.8	9
2014	20.1	9.2
2013	20.4	9.1
2012	20.7	9.7
2011	21	10.1
2010	21	10.4
2009	21.2	10.6
2008	21.4	11.3
2007	21.6	10.9
2006	21.8	10.8
2005	22.1	10.6
2004	22.5	10.6
2003	22.7	10.4
2002	22.9	10.1
2001	23.2	9.9
2000	23.5	9.8
1999	23.8	9.4
1998	24.1	9.1
1997	24.4	9.2
1996	24.6	9.1
1995	24.9	9.1
1994	25.2	9.4
1993	25.5	9.8
1992	25.9	10.1
1991	26.2	10.2
1990	26.8	10.3
1989	27.2	10.5
1988	27.5	10.8
1987	28	11
1986	28.5	11.4
1985	29	11.9
1984	29.5	12.3
1983	29.9	12.7
1982	30	13.6
1981	30.2	14.1
1980	30.4	15.2
1979	30.7	16.2
1978	31.1	17.3
1977	31.7	18
1976	32.5	18.7
1975	33.3	18.7
1974	34.2	19.5
1973	35	19.2
1972	36	19.4
1971	36.7	19.6
1970	37.4	19.5
1969	37.9	19.9
1968	38.5	20.1
1967	39.2	20.7
1966	39.9	20.7
1965	40.3	21.1
1964	40.8	22
1963	41.2	21.4
1962	41.3	21.1
1961	41.3	21.2
1960	41.1	21.7

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 16 in Panama and 6.7 in Spain, compared with 41.1 and 21.7, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Panama

Factual

UN forecast

Spain

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Panama	Spain
2100	14%	11.6%
2099	14%	11.6%
2098	14%	11.7%
2097	14.1%	11.7%
2096	14.1%	11.7%
2095	14.2%	11.8%
2094	14.2%	11.8%
2093	14.3%	11.9%
2092	14.3%	11.9%
2091	14.4%	11.9%
2090	14.4%	12%
2089	14.5%	12%
2088	14.6%	12%
2087	14.6%	12.1%
2086	14.7%	12.1%
2085	14.8%	12.1%
2084	14.8%	12%
2083	14.9%	12%
2082	15%	12%
2081	15.1%	11.9%
2080	15.1%	11.9%
2079	15.2%	11.8%
2078	15.3%	11.7%
2077	15.3%	11.6%
2076	15.4%	11.6%
2075	15.5%	11.5%
2074	15.6%	11.4%
2073	15.6%	11.3%
2072	15.7%	11.2%
2071	15.8%	11.2%
2070	15.9%	11.1%
2069	15.9%	11.1%
2068	16%	11%
2067	16.1%	11%
2066	16.2%	11%
2065	16.3%	11%
2064	16.4%	11%
2063	16.5%	11.1%
2062	16.7%	11.1%
2061	16.8%	11.2%
2060	16.9%	11.2%
2059	17.1%	11.3%
2058	17.2%	11.4%
2057	17.3%	11.4%
2056	17.5%	11.5%
2055	17.7%	11.5%
2054	17.8%	11.5%
2053	18%	11.5%
2052	18.2%	11.5%
2051	18.3%	11.5%
2050	18.5%	11.5%
2049	18.7%	11.4%
2048	18.9%	11.4%
2047	19%	11.3%
2046	19.2%	11.2%
2045	19.4%	11.1%
2044	19.5%	11.1%
2043	19.7%	11%
2042	19.9%	10.9%
2041	20.1%	10.9%
2040	20.2%	10.8%
2039	20.4%	10.8%
2038	20.6%	10.7%
2037	20.8%	10.7%
2036	20.9%	10.7%
2035	21.1%	10.7%
2034	21.4%	10.8%
2033	21.7%	10.9%
2032	22.1%	11.1%
2031	22.4%	11.3%
2030	22.8%	11.5%
2029	23.2%	11.7%
2028	23.6%	11.9%
2027	24%	12.2%
2026	24.3%	12.5%
2025	24.7%	12.8%
2024	24.9%	12.9%
2023	25.3%	13.3%
2022	25.7%	13.6%
2021	26%	13.9%
2020	26.4%	14.2%
2019	26.7%	14.4%
2018	27.1%	14.7%
2017	27.4%	14.8%
2016	27.6%	14.9%
2015	27.9%	15%
2014	28.2%	15.1%
2013	28.4%	15.1%
2012	28.7%	15.1%
2011	28.9%	15%
2010	29.2%	14.9%
2009	29.5%	14.8%
2008	29.7%	14.7%
2007	30%	14.6%
2006	30.3%	14.5%
2005	30.6%	14.5%
2004	31%	14.5%
2003	31.3%	14.5%
2002	31.6%	14.6%
2001	32%	14.7%
2000	32.4%	14.8%
1999	32.8%	15%
1998	33.1%	15.3%
1997	33.5%	15.7%
1996	33.9%	16.1%
1995	34.2%	16.6%
1994	34.6%	17.2%
1993	34.9%	17.8%
1992	35.3%	18.4%
1991	35.7%	19.1%
1990	36.1%	19.8%
1989	36.5%	20.5%
1988	36.9%	21.2%
1987	37.4%	21.9%
1986	37.8%	22.5%
1985	38.3%	23.2%
1984	38.8%	23.8%
1983	39.3%	24.4%
1982	39.8%	24.9%
1981	40.3%	25.5%
1980	40.8%	26%
1979	41.4%	26.4%
1978	41.9%	26.8%
1977	42.4%	27%
1976	42.9%	27.2%
1975	43.3%	27.3%
1974	43.6%	27.5%
1973	43.9%	27.7%
1972	44.1%	27.8%
1971	44.3%	27.8%
1970	44.5%	27.9%
1969	44.6%	27.8%
1968	44.7%	27.8%
1967	44.8%	27.7%
1966	44.8%	27.6%
1965	44.8%	27.5%
1964	44.7%	27.4%
1963	44.6%	27.4%
1962	44.5%	27.4%
1961	44.3%	27.4%
1960	44.2%	27.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 24.9% of the population in Panama and 12.9% in Spain in 2024, compared to 36.1% and 19.8% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Panama and Spain compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Panama vs Spain

Chart Table

Panama

Spain

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Panama	Spain
2023	37	3
2022	40	4
2021	59	4
2020	74	4
2019	41	3
2018	43	3
2017	47	3
2016	47	3
2015	48	4
2014	49	4
2013	52	4
2012	53	4
2011	55	4
2010	56	4
2009	55	4
2008	55	4
2007	55	4
2006	56	4
2005	57	5
2004	57	5
2003	58	4
2002	59	5
2001	62	5
2000	64	5
1999	65	5
1998	68	5
1997	70	5
1996	73	6
1995	77	6
1994	78	6
1993	81	6
1992	85	6
1991	87	6
1990	89	6
1989	96	7
1988	93	7
1987	93	7
1986	94	7
1985	95	6

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 37 deaths per 100,000 live births in Panama, compared to 3 deaths in Spain.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Panama

Spain

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Panama	Spain
2023	1.33%	0.31%
2022	1.39%	0.31%
2021	1.45%	0.31%
2020	1.52%	0.32%
2019	1.59%	0.32%
2018	1.65%	0.32%
2017	1.68%	0.32%
2016	1.7%	0.33%
2015	1.72%	0.33%
2014	1.73%	0.34%
2013	1.75%	0.35%
2012	1.77%	0.36%
2011	1.81%	0.37%
2010	1.86%	0.38%
2009	1.91%	0.4%
2008	1.97%	0.42%
2007	2.03%	0.44%
2006	2.1%	0.45%
2005	2.17%	0.47%
2004	2.25%	0.49%
2003	2.33%	0.5%
2002	2.41%	0.51%
2001	2.49%	0.53%
2000	2.56%	0.54%
1999	2.63%	0.56%
1998	2.68%	0.58%
1997	2.73%	0.61%
1996	2.77%	0.65%
1995	2.8%	0.69%
1994	2.83%	0.74%
1993	2.87%	0.79%
1992	2.91%	0.83%
1991	2.97%	0.88%
1990	3.05%	0.92%
1989	3.14%	0.95%
1988	3.24%	0.99%
1987	3.35%	1.03%
1986	3.47%	1.07%
1985	3.61%	1.11%
1984	3.75%	1.17%
1983	3.9%	1.23%
1982	4.05%	1.3%
1981	4.19%	1.38%
1980	4.34%	1.49%
1979	4.47%	1.61%
1978	4.61%	1.74%
1977	4.76%	1.87%
1976	4.93%	2.02%
1975	5.15%	2.17%
1974	5.41%	2.33%
1973	5.72%	2.52%
1972	6.07%	2.72%
1971	6.43%	2.94%
1970	6.78%	3.16%
1969	7.1%	3.39%
1968	7.38%	3.61%
1967	7.62%	3.83%
1966	7.83%	4.03%
1965	8.05%	4.23%
1964	8.28%	4.45%
1963	8.52%	4.68%
1962	8.78%	4.94%
1961	9.04%	5.2%
1960	9.31%	5.47%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.33% in Panama and 0.31% in Spain. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.