Cuba birth & fertility rate charts by year

Fertility rate in Cuba by year

According to the latest birth rate data available, the fertility rate in Cuba was 1.44 in 2023 and has been below the replacement level of 2.1 children per woman since 1978. In 1993, the fertility rate was 1.49 — a 3.36% decline in 30 years.

Check population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart above shows the historical changes in fertility rate and ranking compared to other countries, where a lower rank number indicates a higher relative fertility rate.

Births, deaths, and natural population change by year

Over the past 10 years, the natural population change in Cuba (from births and deaths only, excluding migration) has been -0.06% annually. On average, 6,417 more people died each year than were born.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.14% — 15,880 more people died than were born.

In 2023, Cuba ranks 173/196 for absolute natural population change and 165/196 for natural change rate, where a lower rank number indicates faster natural growth and a higher number indicates greater decline.

Birth rates by women's age

Above is a chart displaying birth rates in Cuba by maternal age. In 2026, of all live births, 15.1% will be to women under age 20, 54.8% to women ages 20-29, and 30.1% to women ages 30 and above. The respective shares in 1990 were 22.4%, 62.7%, and 14.9%.

Children 0-14 years as share of population by year

Chart Table

Cuba

Factual

UN forecast

World

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Children 0-14 as share of population
	Cuba	World
2100	10.9%	16.5%
2099	10.9%	16.6%
2098	10.9%	16.6%
2097	10.9%	16.7%
2096	10.9%	16.8%
2095	10.9%	16.8%
2094	10.9%	16.9%
2093	10.9%	17%
2092	10.9%	17%
2091	10.9%	17.1%
2090	11%	17.2%
2089	11%	17.2%
2088	11%	17.3%
2087	11%	17.4%
2086	11%	17.4%
2085	11%	17.5%
2084	11%	17.5%
2083	11%	17.6%
2082	11.1%	17.7%
2081	11.1%	17.7%
2080	11.1%	17.8%
2079	11.1%	17.8%
2078	11.1%	17.9%
2077	11.1%	17.9%
2076	11.1%	18%
2075	11.1%	18%
2074	11.1%	18.1%
2073	11.1%	18.2%
2072	11.1%	18.2%
2071	11.2%	18.3%
2070	11.2%	18.3%
2069	11.2%	18.4%
2068	11.2%	18.5%
2067	11.2%	18.6%
2066	11.2%	18.6%
2065	11.2%	18.7%
2064	11.2%	18.8%
2063	11.3%	18.9%
2062	11.3%	19.1%
2061	11.3%	19.2%
2060	11.3%	19.3%
2059	11.4%	19.4%
2058	11.4%	19.5%
2057	11.5%	19.6%
2056	11.5%	19.8%
2055	11.5%	19.9%
2054	11.6%	20%
2053	11.7%	20.1%
2052	11.7%	20.2%
2051	11.8%	20.3%
2050	11.9%	20.4%
2049	11.9%	20.5%
2048	12%	20.6%
2047	12%	20.7%
2046	12.1%	20.8%
2045	12.2%	20.9%
2044	12.2%	20.9%
2043	12.3%	21%
2042	12.3%	21.1%
2041	12.4%	21.2%
2040	12.4%	21.2%
2039	12.5%	21.3%
2038	12.5%	21.4%
2037	12.6%	21.5%
2036	12.6%	21.6%
2035	12.7%	21.8%
2034	12.9%	22%
2033	13.1%	22.2%
2032	13.3%	22.4%
2031	13.5%	22.7%
2030	13.8%	23%
2029	14%	23.3%
2028	14.3%	23.6%
2027	14.6%	23.9%
2026	14.9%	24.2%
2025	15.2%	24.6%
2024	15.3%	24.7%
2023	15.5%	25%
2022	15.7%	25.3%
2021	15.8%	25.6%
2020	15.8%	25.8%
2019	16%	26%
2018	16.1%	26.2%
2017	16.3%	26.4%
2016	16.5%	26.5%
2015	16.7%	26.6%
2014	16.9%	26.8%
2013	17.1%	26.9%
2012	17.3%	27%
2011	17.5%	27.1%
2010	17.7%	27.3%
2009	17.9%	27.5%
2008	18.2%	27.6%
2007	18.5%	27.9%
2006	18.9%	28.1%
2005	19.4%	28.5%
2004	19.8%	28.8%
2003	20.2%	29.2%
2002	20.6%	29.6%
2001	20.9%	30%
2000	21.3%	30.4%
1999	21.5%	30.8%
1998	21.8%	31.1%
1997	22%	31.5%
1996	22.1%	31.8%
1995	22.1%	32.1%
1994	22.1%	32.3%
1993	22.2%	32.5%
1992	22.4%	32.7%
1991	22.5%	32.9%
1990	22.8%	33%
1989	23.1%	33.2%
1988	23.6%	33.4%
1987	24.3%	33.6%
1986	25.2%	33.8%
1985	26.1%	34%
1984	27.1%	34.3%
1983	28.1%	34.6%
1982	29.3%	34.9%
1981	30.5%	35.2%
1980	31.9%	35.5%
1979	33.2%	35.9%
1978	34.3%	36.3%
1977	35.4%	36.7%
1976	36.2%	36.9%
1975	36.8%	37.1%
1974	37.3%	37.2%
1973	37.6%	37.3%
1972	37.8%	37.5%
1971	37.9%	37.6%
1970	38%	37.7%
1969	37.9%	37.8%
1968	37.8%	37.9%
1967	37.7%	38%
1966	37.5%	38%
1965	37.3%	38%
1964	37.1%	38%
1963	36.8%	37.8%
1962	36.5%	37.6%
1961	36.2%	37.5%
1960	36%	37.4%

The share of children aged 0-14 in Cuba was 36% in 1960, 22.4% in 1992, and 15.3% as of the latest data in 2024.

More about the demographics of Cuba.

Maternal mortality by year

Chart Table

Cuba

World's average

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Cuba	World
2023	35	197
2022	41	203
2021	172	242
2020	40	211
2019	40	207
2018	39	211
2017	39	215
2016	40	220
2015	41	228
2014	42	231
2013	42	235
2012	42	239
2011	44	247
2010	44	253
2009	45	258
2008	44	264
2007	42	269
2006	42	276
2005	43	283
2004	44	291
2003	44	301
2002	45	311
2001	46	321
2000	48	328
1999	51	340
1998	54	360
1997	57	358
1996	59	366
1995	62	371
1994	64	382
1993	65	389
1992	66	395
1991	66	395
1990	66	391
1989	66	401
1988	68	414
1987	69	429
1986	70	438
1985	70	460

The maternal mortality rate in Cuba was 35 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2023 — a 0.04% chance of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination. This is a 27.1% decrease compared to the year 2000.

Under-five mortality by year

Chart Table

Cuba

World's average

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Cuba	World
2023	0.83%	2.49%
2022	0.79%	2.59%
2021	0.76%	2.66%
2020	0.72%	2.75%
2019	0.69%	2.86%
2018	0.66%	2.97%
2017	0.64%	3.11%
2016	0.62%	3.22%
2015	0.61%	3.35%
2014	0.6%	3.48%
2013	0.6%	3.61%
2012	0.6%	3.77%
2011	0.61%	3.97%
2010	0.62%	4.11%
2009	0.63%	4.31%
2008	0.65%	4.5%
2007	0.66%	4.7%
2006	0.69%	4.92%
2005	0.71%	5.16%
2004	0.73%	5.43%
2003	0.76%	5.65%
2002	0.79%	5.94%
2001	0.82%	6.21%
2000	0.86%	6.48%
1999	0.89%	6.75%
1998	0.93%	7.05%
1997	0.97%	7.28%
1996	1.01%	7.52%
1995	1.06%	7.76%
1994	1.11%	7.98%
1993	1.16%	8.19%
1992	1.22%	8.46%
1991	1.28%	8.66%
1990	1.34%	8.81%
1989	1.41%	9.02%
1988	1.49%	9.31%
1987	1.56%	9.47%
1986	1.64%	9.81%
1985	1.73%	10.1%
1984	1.81%	10.4%
1983	1.9%	10.6%
1982	2%	10.8%
1981	2.11%	11%
1980	2.22%	11.4%
1979	2.34%	11.7%
1978	2.47%	12.2%
1977	2.62%	12.6%
1976	2.77%	13%
1975	2.94%	13.4%
1974	3.11%	13.8%
1973	3.29%	14.1%
1972	3.47%	14.5%
1971	3.65%	15.1%
1970	3.82%	15.2%
1969	3.97%	15.4%
1968	4.11%	15.6%
1967	4.22%	15.9%
1966	4.31%	16.1%
1965	4.38%	16.4%
1964	4.43%	16.6%
1963	4.45%	16.5%
1962	4.45%	16.7%
1961	4.44%	17%
1960	4.41%	17.2%

The under-5 mortality rate in Cuba was 8.3 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2023 — a 0.83% chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five. This is down from 8.6 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000.