Fertility & birth rates in Sao Tome and Principe and Zambia

Fertility rate in Sao Tome and Principe vs Zambia by year

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

Zambia

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Sao Tome	Zambia
2023	3.64	4.1
2022	3.7	4.18
2021	3.76	4.25
2020	3.83	4.32
2019	3.9	4.42
2018	3.98	4.49
2017	4.07	4.57
2016	4.2	4.67
2015	4.35	4.78
2014	4.49	4.89
2013	4.58	5.01
2012	4.66	5.14
2011	4.72	5.26
2010	4.77	5.36
2009	4.84	5.45
2008	4.91	5.53
2007	4.96	5.61
2006	4.93	5.68
2005	4.94	5.7
2004	4.96	5.7
2003	5.01	5.71
2002	5.06	5.77
2001	5.1	5.85
2000	5.16	5.92
1999	5.23	6
1998	5.3	6.07
1997	5.4	6.12
1996	5.47	6.18
1995	5.55	6.23
1994	5.56	6.26
1993	5.64	6.3
1992	5.7	6.35
1991	5.77	6.46
1990	5.83	6.57
1989	5.88	6.64
1988	5.94	6.7
1987	5.99	6.8
1986	6.05	6.87
1985	6.1	6.93
1984	6.16	6.97
1983	6.22	7.01
1982	6.28	7.04
1981	6.33	7.07
1980	6.39	7.14
1979	6.43	7.22
1978	6.47	7.29
1977	6.5	7.35
1976	6.52	7.39
1975	6.53	7.42
1974	6.53	7.36
1973	6.53	7.34
1972	6.51	7.3
1971	6.49	7.26
1970	6.47	7.22
1969	6.44	7.18
1968	6.42	7.18
1967	6.39	7.15
1966	6.37	7.14
1965	6.35	7.12
1964	6.33	7.09
1963	6.31	7.06
1962	6.28	7.01
1961	6.26	6.98
1960	6.24	6.95

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Sao Tome and Principe was 3.64 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.1 in Zambia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Sao Tome and Principe vs Zambia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

Zambia

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Sao Tome	Zambia
2023	5,221	577,660
2022	5,102	563,456
2021	4,954	535,629
2020	4,874	536,484
2019	4,932	528,089
2018	4,957	515,644
2017	5,007	504,630
2016	5,125	497,521
2015	5,269	491,021
2014	5,381	483,663
2013	5,449	476,846
2012	5,501	469,406
2011	5,445	459,743
2010	5,391	448,337
2009	5,349	434,458
2008	5,297	419,560
2007	5,226	403,729
2006	5,057	387,891
2005	4,897	368,756
2004	4,810	349,352
2003	4,702	331,189
2002	4,591	316,041
2001	4,471	302,682
2000	4,334	293,186
1999	4,221	283,297
1998	4,120	275,568
1997	4,041	268,198
1996	3,993	262,468
1995	3,948	257,897
1994	3,860	252,023
1993	3,841	245,917
1992	3,822	239,953
1991	3,801	237,957
1990	3,719	235,835
1989	3,576	233,429
1988	3,544	230,118
1987	3,440	227,813
1986	3,180	224,768
1985	3,242	221,351
1984	3,163	216,695
1983	3,100	212,712
1982	3,047	207,621
1981	3,015	202,822
1980	2,965	198,817
1979	2,893	197,578
1978	2,800	194,933
1977	2,705	191,557
1976	2,608	186,762
1975	2,515	182,258
1974	2,422	174,484
1973	2,329	168,258
1972	2,232	161,648
1971	2,127	155,249
1970	1,980	149,380
1969	1,862	142,660
1968	1,767	137,315
1967	1,693	131,938
1966	1,642	127,164
1965	1,611	122,814
1964	1,600	117,197
1963	1,609	114,555
1962	1,625	110,173
1961	1,657	106,318
1960	1,547	102,335

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +2.26% in Sao Tome and Principe and +2.79% in Zambia.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe and +2.87% in Zambia.

Birth rate in Sao Tome and Principe vs Zambia by year

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

Zambia

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Sao Tome	Zambia
2023	28.2	33.1
2022	28.3	33.5
2021	28.5	33.9
2020	28.6	34.4
2019	29.2	35
2018	29.8	35.5
2017	30.6	35.9
2016	31.7	36.6
2015	33	37.3
2014	34.3	38.1
2013	35.4	39
2012	36.4	39.9
2011	36.8	40.7
2010	37.3	41.4
2009	37.9	42
2008	38.5	42.6
2007	38.9	43.2
2006	38.9	43.7
2005	39	43.8
2004	39.2	43.9
2003	39.6	43.9
2002	39.8	44.3
2001	40	44.8
2000	39.7	45.5
1999	39.4	45.9
1998	39.2	46.2
1997	39.2	46.3
1996	39.3	46.6
1995	39.5	46.8
1994	39.4	46.7
1993	39.8	46.6
1992	40.2	46.6
1991	40.7	46.9
1990	40.7	47
1989	40.9	47.1
1988	40.9	47.1
1987	41	47.3
1986	41	47.4
1985	41	47.4
1984	41.1	47.3
1983	41.2	47.3
1982	41.3	47.3
1981	41.5	47.3
1980	41.6	47.5
1979	41.6	48.2
1978	41.4	48.7
1977	41.3	49.2
1976	41.1	49.5
1975	40.9	50
1974	40.6	49.7
1973	40.3	49.7
1972	39.9	49.6
1971	39.5	49.4
1970	38.8	49.3
1969	38.2	48.9
1968	37.8	48.9
1967	37.7	48.8
1966	38	48.8
1965	38.6	48.8
1964	39.7	48.9
1963	41.1	48.9
1962	42.7	48.9
1961	44.6	48.9
1960	44.6	48.9

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 28.2 in Sao Tome and Principe and 33.1 in Zambia, compared with 44.6 and 48.9, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

Factual

UN forecast

Zambia

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Sao Tome	Zambia
2100	19.5%	21.6%
2099	19.6%	21.7%
2098	19.8%	21.9%
2097	19.9%	22%
2096	20%	22.2%
2095	20.2%	22.3%
2094	20.3%	22.5%
2093	20.4%	22.7%
2092	20.6%	22.8%
2091	20.7%	23%
2090	20.9%	23.1%
2089	21.1%	23.3%
2088	21.2%	23.5%
2087	21.4%	23.6%
2086	21.6%	23.8%
2085	21.8%	24%
2084	22%	24.2%
2083	22.2%	24.3%
2082	22.4%	24.5%
2081	22.6%	24.7%
2080	22.9%	24.9%
2079	23.1%	25.1%
2078	23.3%	25.3%
2077	23.5%	25.5%
2076	23.7%	25.7%
2075	24%	25.9%
2074	24.2%	26.1%
2073	24.4%	26.4%
2072	24.6%	26.6%
2071	24.8%	26.8%
2070	25%	27%
2069	25.2%	27.2%
2068	25.4%	27.5%
2067	25.6%	27.7%
2066	25.9%	27.9%
2065	26.1%	28.1%
2064	26.3%	28.4%
2063	26.5%	28.6%
2062	26.8%	28.9%
2061	27%	29.1%
2060	27.3%	29.3%
2059	27.5%	29.6%
2058	27.8%	29.8%
2057	28.1%	30.1%
2056	28.4%	30.4%
2055	28.7%	30.6%
2054	29%	30.9%
2053	29.4%	31.2%
2052	29.7%	31.5%
2051	30.1%	31.8%
2050	30.4%	32.2%
2049	30.8%	32.5%
2048	31.1%	32.8%
2047	31.5%	33.2%
2046	31.8%	33.5%
2045	32.1%	33.9%
2044	32.5%	34.2%
2043	32.8%	34.6%
2042	33.1%	34.9%
2041	33.4%	35.3%
2040	33.6%	35.6%
2039	33.9%	36%
2038	34.1%	36.3%
2037	34.4%	36.6%
2036	34.6%	37%
2035	34.7%	37.3%
2034	34.9%	37.6%
2033	35.1%	38%
2032	35.3%	38.3%
2031	35.5%	38.7%
2030	35.8%	39%
2029	36.1%	39.4%
2028	36.6%	39.8%
2027	37%	40.3%
2026	37.3%	40.7%
2025	37.6%	41.2%
2024	37.8%	41.5%
2023	38.3%	42%
2022	38.8%	42.4%
2021	39.4%	42.9%
2020	39.9%	43.3%
2019	40.5%	43.8%
2018	40.9%	44.1%
2017	41.4%	44.5%
2016	41.7%	44.9%
2015	41.9%	45.2%
2014	42%	45.5%
2013	42%	45.7%
2012	42%	45.9%
2011	42%	46.1%
2010	42.1%	46.3%
2009	42.1%	46.4%
2008	42.1%	46.6%
2007	42%	46.8%
2006	42%	47%
2005	42%	47.1%
2004	42.1%	47.3%
2003	42.2%	47.4%
2002	42.3%	47.6%
2001	42.5%	47.8%
2000	42.8%	48%
1999	43.4%	48.1%
1998	43.9%	48.2%
1997	44.3%	48.2%
1996	44.7%	48.2%
1995	44.9%	48.2%
1994	45.1%	48.2%
1993	45.2%	48.2%
1992	45.2%	48.2%
1991	45.1%	48.3%
1990	45.1%	48.4%
1989	45%	48.5%
1988	45%	48.6%
1987	44.9%	48.7%
1986	44.7%	48.8%
1985	44.5%	48.9%
1984	44.4%	49%
1983	44.5%	49.1%
1982	44.5%	49.3%
1981	44.7%	49.4%
1980	44.9%	49.5%
1979	45.1%	49.5%
1978	45.2%	49.4%
1977	45.3%	49.2%
1976	45.4%	49.1%
1975	45.5%	48.8%
1974	45.6%	48.6%
1973	45.7%	48.3%
1972	45.9%	48%
1971	46.1%	47.7%
1970	46.2%	47.4%
1969	45.8%	47.2%
1968	44.9%	47.1%
1967	44%	47%
1966	42.9%	46.9%
1965	41.6%	46.9%
1964	40.2%	46.7%
1963	38.5%	46.5%
1962	36.6%	46.3%
1961	34.3%	46.2%
1960	32.9%	46%

Children aged 0-14 make up 37.8% of the population in Sao Tome and Principe and 41.5% in Zambia in 2024, compared to 45.1% and 48.4% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Sao Tome and Principe and Zambia compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Sao Tome and Principe vs Zambia

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

Zambia

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Sao Tome	Zambia
2023	75	85
2022	82	89
2021	98	140
2020	92	99
2019	95	103
2018	100	117
2017	110	141
2016	119	158
2015	128	154
2014	138	174
2013	150	213
2012	158	256
2011	164	291
2010	170	332
2009	172	406
2008	174	394
2007	174	324
2006	177	262
2005	181	264
2004	177	260
2003	178	250
2002	179	274
2001	178	306
2000	180	340
1999	179	378
1998	175	392
1997	173	403
1996	171	433
1995	172	466
1994	168	507
1993	166	532
1992	164	581
1991	166	611
1990	164	625
1989	167	635
1988	157	635
1987	161	630
1986	175	619
1985	159	596

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 75 deaths per 100,000 live births in Sao Tome and Principe, compared to 85 deaths in Zambia.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

Zambia

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Sao Tome	Zambia
2023	1.39%	4.47%
2022	1.46%	4.67%
2021	1.53%	4.92%
2020	1.6%	5.24%
2019	1.7%	5.41%
2018	1.81%	5.52%
2017	1.95%	5.61%
2016	2.11%	5.9%
2015	2.31%	6.15%
2014	2.54%	6.38%
2013	2.77%	6.72%
2012	3.04%	7.04%
2011	3.33%	7.31%
2010	3.63%	7.57%
2009	3.95%	8%
2008	4.3%	8.62%
2007	4.68%	9.14%
2006	5.11%	9.71%
2005	5.56%	10.5%
2004	6.05%	11.4%
2003	6.57%	12.4%
2002	7.1%	13.4%
2001	7.66%	14.4%
2000	8.21%	15.3%
1999	8.76%	15.9%
1998	9.26%	16.3%
1997	9.73%	16.7%
1996	10.1%	17%
1995	10.4%	17.3%
1994	10.7%	17.7%
1993	10.8%	17.9%
1992	10.9%	18.1%
1991	10.9%	18.1%
1990	10.8%	18.1%
1989	10.7%	17.9%
1988	10.6%	17.7%
1987	10.4%	17.3%
1986	11.4%	17%
1985	9.99%	16.6%
1984	9.77%	16.2%
1983	9.56%	15.9%
1982	9.37%	15.7%
1981	9.21%	15.6%
1980	9.1%	15.5%
1979	9.02%	15.4%
1978	8.96%	15.3%
1977	8.93%	15.3%
1976	8.89%	15.4%
1975	8.85%	15.5%
1974	8.79%	15.9%
1973	8.73%	16.3%
1972	8.67%	16.9%
1971	8.63%	17.4%
1970	8.64%	17.9%
1969	8.71%	18.3%
1968	8.85%	18.5%
1967	9.04%	18.7%
1966	9.29%	18.9%
1965	9.56%	19%
1964	-	19.2%
1963	-	19.5%
1962	-	19.8%
1961	-	20.1%
1960	-	20.5%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe and 4.47% in Zambia. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.