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Fertility & birth rates in Sao Tome and Principe and Ukraine

Updated on by Georank team

Sao Tome and Principe has an annual birth rate of 28.2 births per 1,000 people, compared to 5.63 for Ukraine. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 3.64 in Sao Tome and Principe and 0.98 in Ukraine — 73.2% difference.

1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by 41.6% in Sao Tome and Principe and by 57.2% in Ukraine — in 1960, it was 6.24 and 2.29, respectively.

  • Sao Tome and Principe is ranked 39/196 by birth rate compared to 194/196 for Ukraine.
  • The mean age for first-time mothers is 19.4 years in Sao Tome and Principe, compared to 26.2 years in Ukraine.
  • The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 28.4 in Sao Tome and Principe — it's 28.5 in Ukraine.
  • Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 86.2 in Sao Tome and Principe vs 11.4 in Ukraine.
  • In Sao Tome and Principe, 25.2% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 23% in Ukraine.

Fertility rate in Sao Tome and Principe vs Ukraine by year

Sao Tome and Principe
Ukraine
1x
Year Fertility rate
Sao Tome Ukraine
2023 3.64 0.98
2022 3.7 0.9
2021 3.76 1.15
2020 3.83 1.21
2019 3.9 1.22
2018 3.98 1.23
2017 4.07 1.3
2016 4.2 1.39
2015 4.35 1.39
2014 4.49 1.47
2013 4.58 1.52
2012 4.66 1.53
2011 4.72 1.46
2010 4.77 1.44
2009 4.84 1.47
2008 4.91 1.44
2007 4.96 1.34
2006 4.93 1.3
2005 4.94 1.22
2004 4.96 1.22
2003 5.01 1.17
2002 5.06 1.13
2001 5.1 1.09
2000 5.16 1.11
1999 5.23 1.13
1998 5.3 1.21
1997 5.4 1.27
1996 5.47 1.33
1995 5.55 1.4
1994 5.56 1.47
1993 5.64 1.56
1992 5.7 1.67
1991 5.77 1.77
1990 5.83 1.85
1989 5.88 1.93
1988 5.94 2.04
1987 5.99 2.07
1986 6.05 2.12
1985 6.1 2.03
1984 6.16 2.08
1983 6.22 2.1
1982 6.28 1.95
1981 6.33 1.92
1980 6.39 1.95
1979 6.43 1.96
1978 6.47 1.97
1977 6.5 1.98
1976 6.52 2.04
1975 6.53 2.05
1974 6.53 2.06
1973 6.53 2.04
1972 6.51 2.13
1971 6.49 2.11
1970 6.47 2.08
1969 6.44 2.01
1968 6.42 2.03
1967 6.39 2.04
1966 6.37 2.04
1965 6.35 1.94
1964 6.33 2.01
1963 6.31 2.11
1962 6.28 2.15
1961 6.26 2.2
1960 6.24 2.29

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/sao-tome-and-principe/ukraine | CC BY

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Sao Tome and Principe was 3.64 children per woman in 2023, compared to 0.98 in Ukraine in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Sao Tome and Principe vs Ukraine population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Sao Tome and Principe
Ukraine
1x
Year Natural population change
Sao Tome Ukraine
2023 5,221 -283,185
2022 5,102 -349,284
2021 4,954 -449,941
2020 4,874 -307,533
2019 4,932 -236,296
2018 4,957 -227,491
2017 5,007 -158,390
2016 5,125 -135,710
2015 5,269 -147,107
2014 5,381 -140,216
2013 5,449 -129,662
2012 5,501 -130,451
2011 5,445 -158,372
2010 5,391 -180,388
2009 5,349 -197,918
2008 5,297 -229,086
2007 5,226 -282,659
2006 5,057 -300,787
2005 4,897 -337,857
2004 4,810 -344,157
2003 4,702 -351,299
2002 4,591 -364,544
2001 4,471 -374,734
2000 4,334 -364,143
1999 4,221 -348,286
1998 4,120 -318,299
1997 4,041 -306,549
1996 3,993 -305,154
1995 3,948 -281,629
1994 3,860 -238,820
1993 3,841 -169,405
1992 3,822 -95,857
1991 3,801 -16,486
1990 3,719 48,463
1989 3,576 106,431
1988 3,544 162,002
1987 3,440 198,850
1986 3,180 225,751
1985 3,242 201,011
1984 3,163 222,430
1983 3,100 241,741
1982 3,047 194,101
1981 3,015 182,839
1980 2,965 197,223
1979 2,893 197,294
1978 2,800 206,554
1977 2,705 216,932
1976 2,608 247,323
1975 2,515 256,787
1974 2,422 273,486
1973 2,329 274,938
1972 2,232 309,785
1971 2,127 305,849
1970 1,980 291,839
1969 1,862 274,858
1968 1,767 295,162
1967 1,693 313,899
1966 1,642 337,794
1965 1,611 334,365
1964 1,600 391,120
1963 1,609 449,648
1962 1,625 481,887
1961 1,657 508,602
1960 1,547 538,812

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/sao-tome-and-principe/ukraine | CC BY

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +2.26% in Sao Tome and Principe and -0.75% in Ukraine.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe and -0.56% in Ukraine.

Birth rate in Sao Tome and Principe vs Ukraine by year

Sao Tome and Principe
Ukraine

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x
Year Annual births per 1,000 people
Sao Tome Ukraine
2023 28.2 5.63
2022 28.3 5.68
2021 28.5 6.98
2020 28.6 7.56
2019 29.2 7.82
2018 29.8 8.13
2017 30.6 8.78
2016 31.7 9.61
2015 33 9.8
2014 34.3 10.6
2013 35.4 11.2
2012 36.4 11.4
2011 36.8 11.1
2010 37.3 10.9
2009 37.9 11.2
2008 38.5 11
2007 38.9 10.2
2006 38.9 9.79
2005 39 9.12
2004 39.2 8.96
2003 39.6 8.55
2002 39.8 8.11
2001 40 7.78
2000 39.7 7.82
1999 39.4 7.89
1998 39.2 8.4
1997 39.2 8.82
1996 39.3 9.25
1995 39.5 9.7
1994 39.4 10.2
1993 39.8 10.9
1992 40.2 11.7
1991 40.7 12.5
1990 40.7 13.1
1989 40.9 13.8
1988 40.9 14.6
1987 41 15.1
1986 41 15.8
1985 41 15.4
1984 41.1 15.9
1983 41.2 16.1
1982 41.3 15
1981 41.5 14.8
1980 41.6 15
1979 41.6 14.9
1978 41.4 14.9
1977 41.3 14.8
1976 41.1 15.2
1975 40.9 15.1
1974 40.6 15.2
1973 40.3 15
1972 39.9 15.5
1971 39.5 15.4
1970 38.8 15
1969 38.2 14.5
1968 37.8 14.8
1967 37.7 15
1966 38 15.4
1965 38.6 15.3
1964 39.7 16.6
1963 41.1 18
1962 42.7 18.9
1961 44.6 19.7
1960 44.6 20.8

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/sao-tome-and-principe/ukraine | CC BY

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 28.2 in Sao Tome and Principe and 5.63 in Ukraine, compared with 44.6 and 20.8, respectively, in 1960.

Birth rate data compared

Sao Tome Ukraine
Fertility rate 3.64 0.98
Fertility rate rank 41/196 193/196
Birth rate 28.2 5.63
Birth rate rank 39/196 194/196
Population change due to births and deaths +5,221 -283,185
Natural population change rank 126/196 192/196
Natural population change rate +2.26% -0.75%
Population growth +2.02% +0.34%
Population growth rank 49/197 147/197
Age at first childbirth 19.4 years 26.2 years
Average age at childbearing 28.4 years 28.5 years
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 82.5 10.7
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 169.9 57.6
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ 47.4 6.89
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population 25.2% 23%
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 46% 47.6%
Share of births attended by skilled health staff 96.8% 99.9%
Maternal mortality per live birth 0.08% 0.02%
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) 0.68% 0.47%
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) 0.94% 0.78%
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age 1.39% 0.81%
Life expectancy 70.3 years 75 years

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Sao Tome and Principe
Factual

UN forecast
Ukraine
Factual

UN forecast
1x
Year Young
Sao Tome Ukraine
2100 19.5% 8.49%
2099 19.6% 8.5%
2098 19.8% 8.51%
2097 19.9% 8.54%
2096 20% 8.57%
2095 20.2% 8.61%
2094 20.3% 8.66%
2093 20.4% 8.71%
2092 20.6% 8.77%
2091 20.7% 8.82%
2090 20.9% 8.87%
2089 21.1% 8.92%
2088 21.2% 8.95%
2087 21.4% 8.98%
2086 21.6% 9%
2085 21.8% 9%
2084 22% 9%
2083 22.2% 8.98%
2082 22.4% 8.95%
2081 22.6% 8.9%
2080 22.9% 8.85%
2079 23.1% 8.79%
2078 23.3% 8.73%
2077 23.5% 8.66%
2076 23.7% 8.59%
2075 24% 8.53%
2074 24.2% 8.47%
2073 24.4% 8.41%
2072 24.6% 8.37%
2071 24.8% 8.34%
2070 25% 8.34%
2069 25.2% 8.34%
2068 25.4% 8.37%
2067 25.6% 8.42%
2066 25.9% 8.5%
2065 26.1% 8.59%
2064 26.3% 8.7%
2063 26.5% 8.83%
2062 26.8% 8.96%
2061 27% 9.11%
2060 27.3% 9.27%
2059 27.5% 9.42%
2058 27.8% 9.57%
2057 28.1% 9.71%
2056 28.4% 9.83%
2055 28.7% 9.94%
2054 29% 10%
2053 29.4% 10.1%
2052 29.7% 10.2%
2051 30.1% 10.2%
2050 30.4% 10.2%
2049 30.8% 10.2%
2048 31.1% 10.2%
2047 31.5% 10.2%
2046 31.8% 10.1%
2045 32.1% 10.1%
2044 32.5% 10%
2043 32.8% 9.99%
2042 33.1% 9.94%
2041 33.4% 9.89%
2040 33.6% 9.9%
2039 33.9% 9.94%
2038 34.1% 9.97%
2037 34.4% 9.93%
2036 34.6% 10.1%
2035 34.7% 10.3%
2034 34.9% 10.5%
2033 35.1% 10.7%
2032 35.3% 11%
2031 35.5% 11.4%
2030 35.8% 11.7%
2029 36.1% 12.2%
2028 36.6% 12.7%
2027 37% 13.2%
2026 37.3% 13.6%
2025 37.6% 13.8%
2024 37.8% 13.9%
2023 38.3% 14.3%
2022 38.8% 14.8%
2021 39.4% 15.1%
2020 39.9% 15.3%
2019 40.5% 15.4%
2018 40.9% 15.4%
2017 41.4% 15.4%
2016 41.7% 15.3%
2015 41.9% 15.1%
2014 42% 14.9%
2013 42% 14.6%
2012 42% 14.4%
2011 42% 14.2%
2010 42.1% 14.1%
2009 42.1% 14%
2008 42.1% 14%
2007 42% 14.1%
2006 42% 14.3%
2005 42% 14.7%
2004 42.1% 15.1%
2003 42.2% 15.7%
2002 42.3% 16.3%
2001 42.5% 17.1%
2000 42.8% 17.9%
1999 43.4% 18.5%
1998 43.9% 19.2%
1997 44.3% 19.7%
1996 44.7% 20.2%
1995 44.9% 20.6%
1994 45.1% 21%
1993 45.2% 21.2%
1992 45.2% 21.4%
1991 45.1% 21.5%
1990 45.1% 21.6%
1989 45% 21.7%
1988 45% 21.7%
1987 44.9% 21.7%
1986 44.7% 21.7%
1985 44.5% 21.7%
1984 44.4% 21.6%
1983 44.5% 21.5%
1982 44.5% 21.4%
1981 44.7% 21.4%
1980 44.9% 21.4%
1979 45.1% 21.5%
1978 45.2% 21.7%
1977 45.3% 22.1%
1976 45.4% 22.4%
1975 45.5% 22.8%
1974 45.6% 23.2%
1973 45.7% 23.6%
1972 45.9% 24%
1971 46.1% 24.4%
1970 46.2% 24.8%
1969 45.8% 25.1%
1968 44.9% 25.5%
1967 44% 25.8%
1966 42.9% 26.1%
1965 41.6% 26.4%
1964 40.2% 26.8%
1963 38.5% 27.1%
1962 36.6% 27.1%
1961 34.3% 27%
1960 32.9% 26.7%

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/sao-tome-and-principe/ukraine | CC BY

Children aged 0-14 make up 37.8% of the population in Sao Tome and Principe and 13.9% in Ukraine in 2024, compared to 45.1% and 21.6% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Sao Tome and Principe and Ukraine compared.

Fertility rates around the globe

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/sao-tome-and-principe/ukraine | CC BY

Maternal mortality chart: Sao Tome and Principe vs Ukraine

Sao Tome and Principe
Ukraine
1x
Year Maternal mortality per 100K births
Sao Tome Ukraine
2023 75 15
2022 82 16
2021 98 26
2020 92 18
2019 95 16
2018 100 16
2017 110 16
2016 119 17
2015 128 17
2014 138 19
2013 150 20
2012 158 20
2011 164 20
2010 170 21
2009 172 24
2008 174 26
2007 174 27
2006 177 27
2005 181 27
2004 177 27
2003 178 28
2002 179 28
2001 178 30
2000 180 32
1999 179 34
1998 175 37
1997 173 41
1996 171 45
1995 172 46
1994 168 45
1993 166 42
1992 164 40
1991 166 40
1990 164 40
1989 167 42
1988 157 44
1987 161 46
1986 175 50
1985 159 53

Data sources: World Bank | Gender (1985–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/sao-tome-and-principe/ukraine | CC BY

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 75 deaths per 100,000 live births in Sao Tome and Principe, compared to 15 deaths in Ukraine.

Under-five mortality rates

Sao Tome and Principe
Ukraine

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x
Year Under 5 mortality rate
Sao Tome Ukraine
2023 1.39% 0.81%
2022 1.46% 0.85%
2021 1.53% 0.82%
2020 1.6% 0.84%
2019 1.7% 0.85%
2018 1.81% 0.87%
2017 1.95% 0.89%
2016 2.11% 0.91%
2015 2.31% 0.94%
2014 2.54% 0.98%
2013 2.77% 1.02%
2012 3.04% 1.07%
2011 3.33% 1.12%
2010 3.63% 1.17%
2009 3.95% 1.23%
2008 4.3% 1.29%
2007 4.68% 1.34%
2006 5.11% 1.4%
2005 5.56% 1.45%
2004 6.05% 1.51%
2003 6.57% 1.58%
2002 7.1% 1.66%
2001 7.66% 1.75%
2000 8.21% 1.83%
1999 8.76% 1.9%
1998 9.26% 1.97%
1997 9.73% 2.01%
1996 10.1% 2.03%
1995 10.4% 2.02%
1994 10.7% 2%
1993 10.8% 1.97%
1992 10.9% 1.94%
1991 10.9% 1.92%
1990 10.8% 1.92%
1989 10.7% 1.95%
1988 10.6% 1.99%
1987 10.4% 2.05%
1986 11.4% 2.13%
1985 9.99% 2.21%
1984 9.77% 2.29%
1983 9.56% 2.39%
1982 9.37% 2.47%
1981 9.21% 2.55%
1980 9.1% 2.62%
1979 9.02% 2.69%
1978 8.96% 2.74%
1977 8.93% 2.78%
1976 8.89% 2.84%
1975 8.85% 2.89%
1974 8.79% 2.96%
1973 8.73% 3.04%
1972 8.67% 3.13%
1971 8.63% 3.23%
1970 8.64% -
1969 8.71% -
1968 8.85% -
1967 9.04% -
1966 9.29% -
1965 9.56% -

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1965–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/sao-tome-and-principe/ukraine | CC BY

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe and 0.81% in Ukraine. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  3. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) (2019, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  4. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2025, retrieved 2026-02-20)

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