Fertility & birth rates in Latvia and Sao Tome and Principe

Fertility rate in Latvia vs Sao Tome and Principe by year

Chart Table

Latvia

Sao Tome and Principe

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Latvia	Sao Tome
2023	1.36	3.64
2022	1.47	3.7
2021	1.57	3.76
2020	1.55	3.83
2019	1.61	3.9
2018	1.6	3.98
2017	1.69	4.07
2016	1.74	4.2
2015	1.7	4.35
2014	1.65	4.49
2013	1.52	4.58
2012	1.44	4.66
2011	1.33	4.72
2010	1.36	4.77
2009	1.46	4.84
2008	1.58	4.91
2007	1.54	4.96
2006	1.46	4.93
2005	1.39	4.94
2004	1.29	4.96
2003	1.32	5.01
2002	1.26	5.06
2001	1.22	5.1
2000	1.25	5.16
1999	1.16	5.23
1998	1.09	5.3
1997	1.11	5.4
1996	1.16	5.47
1995	1.25	5.55
1994	1.39	5.56
1993	1.51	5.64
1992	1.73	5.7
1991	1.86	5.77
1990	2.02	5.83
1989	2.05	5.88
1988	2.11	5.94
1987	2.15	5.99
1986	2.12	6.05
1985	2.08	6.1
1984	2.09	6.16
1983	2.07	6.22
1982	1.97	6.28
1981	1.88	6.33
1980	1.86	6.39
1979	1.87	6.43
1978	1.87	6.47
1977	1.89	6.5
1976	1.93	6.52
1975	1.96	6.53
1974	1.97	6.53
1973	1.98	6.53
1972	2	6.51
1971	2	6.49
1970	1.96	6.47
1969	1.88	6.44
1968	1.83	6.42
1967	1.8	6.39
1966	1.76	6.37
1965	1.74	6.35
1964	1.79	6.33
1963	1.85	6.31
1962	1.91	6.28
1961	1.94	6.26
1960	1.94	6.24

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Latvia was 1.36 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.64 in Sao Tome and Principe in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Latvia vs Sao Tome and Principe population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Latvia

Sao Tome and Principe

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Latvia	Sao Tome
2023	-13,563	5,221
2022	-14,847	5,102
2021	-17,337	4,954
2020	-11,402	4,874
2019	-8,995	4,932
2018	-9,636	4,957
2017	-7,963	5,007
2016	-6,663	5,125
2015	-6,526	5,269
2014	-6,779	5,381
2013	-8,252	5,449
2012	-9,154	5,501
2011	-9,886	5,445
2010	-10,278	5,391
2009	-7,924	5,349
2008	-6,531	5,297
2007	-9,021	5,226
2006	-10,204	5,057
2005	-10,746	4,897
2004	-11,542	4,810
2003	-11,439	4,702
2002	-12,475	4,591
2001	-13,322	4,471
2000	-11,838	4,334
1999	-13,387	4,221
1998	-15,906	4,120
1997	-14,841	4,041
1996	-14,498	3,993
1995	-17,396	3,948
1994	-17,645	3,860
1993	-12,560	3,841
1992	-3,660	3,822
1991	0	3,801
1990	2,929	3,719
1989	6,401	3,576
1988	9,022	3,544
1987	9,981	3,440
1986	10,660	3,180
1985	5,673	3,242
1984	7,430	3,163
1983	8,147	3,100
1982	6,327	3,047
1981	3,779	3,015
1980	3,265	2,965
1979	2,506	2,893
1978	2,997	2,800
1977	3,480	2,705
1976	4,200	2,608
1975	4,913	2,515
1974	6,824	2,422
1973	6,040	2,329
1972	7,666	2,232
1971	8,793	2,127
1970	7,785	1,980
1969	6,561	1,862
1968	7,668	1,767
1967	7,825	1,693
1966	8,677	1,642
1965	8,384	1,611
1964	12,100	1,600
1963	11,055	1,609
1962	11,562	1,625
1961	14,207	1,657
1960	14,211	1,547

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.72% in Latvia and +2.26% in Sao Tome and Principe.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.54% in Latvia and +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe.

Birth rate in Latvia vs Sao Tome and Principe by year

Chart Table

Latvia

Sao Tome and Principe

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Latvia	Sao Tome
2023	7.7	28.2
2022	8.5	28.3
2021	9.2	28.5
2020	9.2	28.6
2019	9.8	29.2
2018	10	29.8
2017	10.7	30.6
2016	11.2	31.7
2015	11.1	33
2014	10.9	34.3
2013	10.2	35.4
2012	9.8	36.4
2011	9.1	36.8
2010	9.4	37.3
2009	10.3	37.9
2008	11.2	38.5
2007	10.9	38.9
2006	10.3	38.9
2005	9.8	39
2004	9.1	39.2
2003	9.2	39.6
2002	8.7	39.8
2001	8.4	40
2000	8.6	39.7
1999	8.1	39.4
1998	7.6	39.2
1997	7.7	39.2
1996	8.1	39.3
1995	8.7	39.5
1994	9.6	39.4
1993	10.4	39.8
1992	12.1	40.2
1991	13.1	40.7
1990	14.2	40.7
1989	14.6	40.9
1988	15.6	40.9
1987	16	41
1986	16.1	41
1985	15.4	41
1984	15.9	41.1
1983	15.9	41.2
1982	14.8	41.3
1981	14.2	41.5
1980	14.1	41.6
1979	13.8	41.6
1978	13.7	41.4
1977	13.8	41.3
1976	14	41.1
1975	14.2	40.9
1974	14.3	40.6
1973	14.1	40.3
1972	14.6	39.9
1971	14.8	39.5
1970	14.6	38.8
1969	14	38.2
1968	14.1	37.8
1967	14	37.7
1966	14	38
1965	13.8	38.6
1964	14.8	39.7
1963	15.3	41.1
1962	16.1	42.7
1961	16.7	44.6
1960	16.7	44.6

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 7.7 in Latvia and 28.2 in Sao Tome and Principe, compared with 16.7 and 44.6, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Latvia

Factual

UN forecast

Sao Tome and Principe

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Latvia	Sao Tome
2100	10.9%	19.5%
2099	10.9%	19.6%
2098	11%	19.8%
2097	11.1%	19.9%
2096	11.2%	20%
2095	11.2%	20.2%
2094	11.3%	20.3%
2093	11.4%	20.4%
2092	11.5%	20.6%
2091	11.6%	20.7%
2090	11.7%	20.9%
2089	11.8%	21.1%
2088	11.9%	21.2%
2087	11.9%	21.4%
2086	11.9%	21.6%
2085	11.9%	21.8%
2084	11.9%	22%
2083	11.9%	22.2%
2082	11.8%	22.4%
2081	11.8%	22.6%
2080	11.7%	22.9%
2079	11.6%	23.1%
2078	11.5%	23.3%
2077	11.4%	23.5%
2076	11.3%	23.7%
2075	11.2%	24%
2074	11.1%	24.2%
2073	11.1%	24.4%
2072	11%	24.6%
2071	11%	24.8%
2070	11%	25%
2069	11.1%	25.2%
2068	11.1%	25.4%
2067	11.2%	25.6%
2066	11.3%	25.9%
2065	11.5%	26.1%
2064	11.6%	26.3%
2063	11.8%	26.5%
2062	12%	26.8%
2061	12.1%	27%
2060	12.3%	27.3%
2059	12.5%	27.5%
2058	12.6%	27.8%
2057	12.7%	28.1%
2056	12.8%	28.4%
2055	12.9%	28.7%
2054	12.9%	29%
2053	13%	29.4%
2052	12.9%	29.7%
2051	12.9%	30.1%
2050	12.8%	30.4%
2049	12.7%	30.8%
2048	12.6%	31.1%
2047	12.4%	31.5%
2046	12.3%	31.8%
2045	12.2%	32.1%
2044	12%	32.5%
2043	11.9%	32.8%
2042	11.8%	33.1%
2041	11.7%	33.4%
2040	11.6%	33.6%
2039	11.6%	33.9%
2038	11.5%	34.1%
2037	11.6%	34.4%
2036	11.8%	34.6%
2035	12%	34.7%
2034	12.3%	34.9%
2033	12.6%	35.1%
2032	13%	35.3%
2031	13.4%	35.5%
2030	13.9%	35.8%
2029	14.3%	36.1%
2028	14.6%	36.6%
2027	14.9%	37%
2026	15.1%	37.3%
2025	15.3%	37.6%
2024	15.4%	37.8%
2023	15.7%	38.3%
2022	15.9%	38.8%
2021	16%	39.4%
2020	16%	39.9%
2019	15.9%	40.5%
2018	15.8%	40.9%
2017	15.7%	41.4%
2016	15.4%	41.7%
2015	15.1%	41.9%
2014	14.8%	42%
2013	14.6%	42%
2012	14.4%	42%
2011	14.2%	42%
2010	14.2%	42.1%
2009	14.1%	42.1%
2008	14%	42.1%
2007	14.1%	42%
2006	14.4%	42%
2005	14.7%	42%
2004	15.2%	42.1%
2003	15.8%	42.2%
2002	16.4%	42.3%
2001	17%	42.5%
2000	17.7%	42.8%
1999	18.3%	43.4%
1998	19%	43.9%
1997	19.7%	44.3%
1996	20.2%	44.7%
1995	20.7%	44.9%
1994	21%	45.1%
1993	21.2%	45.2%
1992	21.4%	45.2%
1991	21.5%	45.1%
1990	21.5%	45.1%
1989	21.4%	45%
1988	21.4%	45%
1987	21.3%	44.9%
1986	21.3%	44.7%
1985	21.2%	44.5%
1984	21.1%	44.4%
1983	20.9%	44.5%
1982	20.8%	44.5%
1981	20.6%	44.7%
1980	20.5%	44.9%
1979	20.4%	45.1%
1978	20.5%	45.2%
1977	20.6%	45.3%
1976	20.8%	45.4%
1975	21%	45.5%
1974	21.2%	45.6%
1973	21.3%	45.7%
1972	21.5%	45.9%
1971	21.5%	46.1%
1970	21.6%	46.2%
1969	21.6%	45.8%
1968	21.7%	44.9%
1967	21.8%	44%
1966	22%	42.9%
1965	22.2%	41.6%
1964	22.4%	40.2%
1963	22.5%	38.5%
1962	22.6%	36.6%
1961	22.4%	34.3%
1960	22.2%	32.9%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.4% of the population in Latvia and 37.8% in Sao Tome and Principe in 2024, compared to 21.5% and 45.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Latvia and Sao Tome and Principe compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Latvia vs Sao Tome and Principe

Chart Table

Latvia

Sao Tome and Principe

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Latvia	Sao Tome
2023	19	75
2022	29	82
2021	42	98
2020	21	92
2019	22	95
2018	23	100
2017	23	110
2016	23	119
2015	22	128
2014	22	138
2013	24	150
2012	20	158
2011	22	164
2010	22	170
2009	24	172
2008	25	174
2007	27	174
2006	28	177
2005	27	181
2004	28	177
2003	30	178
2002	29	179
2001	32	178
2000	34	180
1999	40	179
1998	40	175
1997	41	173
1996	45	171
1995	59	172
1994	65	168
1993	57	166
1992	48	164
1991	46	166
1990	47	164
1989	46	167
1988	42	157
1987	44	161
1986	43	175
1985	51	159

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 19 deaths per 100,000 live births in Latvia, compared to 75 deaths in Sao Tome and Principe.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Latvia

Sao Tome and Principe

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Latvia	Sao Tome
2023	0.3%	1.39%
2022	0.32%	1.46%
2021	0.35%	1.53%
2020	0.37%	1.6%
2019	0.4%	1.7%
2018	0.42%	1.81%
2017	0.45%	1.95%
2016	0.47%	2.11%
2015	0.51%	2.31%
2014	0.55%	2.54%
2013	0.6%	2.77%
2012	0.66%	3.04%
2011	0.72%	3.33%
2010	0.78%	3.63%
2009	0.83%	3.95%
2008	0.88%	4.3%
2007	0.93%	4.68%
2006	0.99%	5.11%
2005	1.05%	5.56%
2004	1.12%	6.05%
2003	1.19%	6.57%
2002	1.26%	7.1%
2001	1.33%	7.66%
2000	1.42%	8.21%
1999	1.54%	8.76%
1998	1.67%	9.26%
1997	1.79%	9.73%
1996	1.9%	10.1%
1995	1.98%	10.4%
1994	2%	10.7%
1993	1.99%	10.8%
1992	1.93%	10.9%
1991	1.83%	10.9%
1990	1.7%	10.8%
1989	1.58%	10.7%
1988	1.53%	10.6%
1987	1.55%	10.4%
1986	1.64%	11.4%
1985	1.75%	9.99%
1984	1.87%	9.77%
1983	1.96%	9.56%
1982	2.03%	9.37%
1981	2.06%	9.21%
1980	2.07%	9.1%
1979	2.08%	9.02%
1978	-	8.96%
1977	-	8.93%
1976	-	8.89%
1975	-	8.85%
1974	-	8.79%
1973	-	8.73%
1972	-	8.67%
1971	-	8.63%
1970	-	8.64%
1969	-	8.71%
1968	-	8.85%
1967	-	9.04%
1966	-	9.29%
1965	-	9.56%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.3% in Latvia and 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.