Fertility & birth rates in Sao Tome and Principe and Zimbabwe

Fertility rate in Sao Tome and Principe vs Zimbabwe chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Sao Tome and Principe was 3.64 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.72 in Zimbabwe in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Sao Tome and Principe vs Zimbabwe population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Sao Tome	Zimbabwe
1960	6.24	7.2
1961	6.26	7.21
1962	6.28	7.23
1963	6.31	7.23
1964	6.33	7.23
1965	6.35	7.23
1966	6.37	7.2
1967	6.39	7.16
1968	6.42	7.11
1969	6.44	7.04
1970	6.47	6.98
1971	6.49	6.94
1972	6.51	6.94
1973	6.53	6.94
1974	6.53	6.88
1975	6.53	6.83
1976	6.52	6.77
1977	6.5	6.71
1978	6.47	6.66
1979	6.43	6.59
1980	6.39	6.52
1981	6.33	6.45
1982	6.28	6.33
1983	6.22	6.2
1984	6.16	6.04
1985	6.1	5.87
1986	6.05	5.69
1987	5.99	5.5
1988	5.94	5.28
1989	5.88	5.07
1990	5.83	4.88
1991	5.77	4.72
1992	5.7	4.57
1993	5.64	4.39
1994	5.56	4.28
1995	5.55	4.15
1996	5.47	4.11
1997	5.4	4.08
1998	5.3	4.07
1999	5.23	4.06
2000	5.16	4.01
2001	5.1	3.98
2002	5.06	3.93
2003	5.01	3.86
2004	4.96	3.78
2005	4.94	3.69
2006	4.93	3.64
2007	4.96	3.68
2008	4.91	3.78
2009	4.84	3.95
2010	4.77	4.04
2011	4.72	4.13
2012	4.66	4.13
2013	4.58	4.11
2014	4.49	4.01
2015	4.35	3.91
2016	4.2	3.83
2017	4.07	3.77
2018	3.98	3.74
2019	3.9	3.75
2020	3.83	3.75
2021	3.76	3.77
2022	3.7	3.77
2023	3.64	3.72
2024	3.6	3.67
2025	3.53	3.62
2026	3.47	3.57
2027	3.42	3.52
2028	3.36	3.47
2029	3.32	3.43
2030	3.26	3.38
2031	3.21	3.33
2032	3.17	3.29
2033	3.13	3.25
2034	3.09	3.21
2035	3.04	3.17
2036	3.01	3.13
2037	2.97	3.09
2038	2.94	3.06
2039	2.9	3.02
2040	2.87	2.99
2041	2.83	2.96
2042	2.8	2.93
2043	2.78	2.9
2044	2.75	2.87
2045	2.73	2.84
2046	2.7	2.81
2047	2.67	2.78
2048	2.64	2.75
2049	2.62	2.72
2050	2.59	2.69

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Sao Tome	Zimbabwe
1960	32.9%	47.3%
1961	34.3%	47.7%
1962	36.6%	48.1%
1963	38.5%	48.5%
1964	40.2%	48.8%
1965	41.6%	48.7%
1966	42.9%	48.6%
1967	44%	48.5%
1968	44.9%	48.5%
1969	45.8%	48.4%
1970	46.2%	48.3%
1971	46.1%	48.2%
1972	45.9%	48.2%
1973	45.7%	48.1%
1974	45.6%	48.1%
1975	45.5%	48.1%
1976	45.4%	48.2%
1977	45.3%	48.3%
1978	45.2%	48.5%
1979	45.1%	48.8%
1980	44.9%	48.7%
1981	44.7%	48.4%
1982	44.5%	48.3%
1983	44.5%	48.2%
1984	44.4%	48.1%
1985	44.5%	48%
1986	44.7%	47.9%
1987	44.9%	47.9%
1988	45%	47.9%
1989	45%	47.6%
1990	45.1%	47.1%
1991	45.1%	46.6%
1992	45.2%	46.8%
1993	45.2%	47.1%
1994	45.1%	46.6%
1995	44.9%	45.9%
1996	44.7%	45%
1997	44.3%	44%
1998	43.9%	43.1%
1999	43.4%	42.4%
2000	42.8%	41.9%
2001	42.5%	41.5%
2002	42.3%	41.4%
2003	42.2%	41.5%
2004	42.1%	41.7%
2005	42%	41.9%
2006	42%	42%
2007	42%	42.1%
2008	42.1%	42.4%
2009	42.1%	42.7%
2010	42.1%	43%
2011	42%	43.4%
2012	42%	43.7%
2013	42%	43.9%
2014	42%	43.9%
2015	41.9%	43.8%
2016	41.7%	43.6%
2017	41.4%	43.3%
2018	40.9%	42.9%
2019	40.5%	42.5%
2020	39.9%	42.2%
2021	39.4%	41.9%
2022	38.8%	41.6%
2023	38.3%	41.3%
2024	37.8%	40.9%
2025	37.5%	40.3%
2026	37.2%	39.6%
2027	36.8%	39%
2028	36.4%	38.4%
2029	36%	37.8%
2030	35.6%	37.4%
2031	35.4%	37%
2032	35.2%	36.8%
2033	35%	36.5%
2034	34.8%	36.3%
2035	34.7%	36.1%
2036	34.5%	35.8%
2037	34.2%	35.6%
2038	34%	35.3%
2039	33.8%	35.1%
2040	33.5%	34.8%
2041	33.2%	34.6%
2042	32.9%	34.3%
2043	32.6%	34.1%
2044	32.3%	33.8%
2045	32%	33.5%
2046	31.6%	33.2%
2047	31.3%	32.9%
2048	31%	32.6%
2049	30.6%	32.2%
2050	30.2%	31.9%

Children aged 0-14 make up 37.8% of the population in Sao Tome and Principe and 40.9% in Zimbabwe in 2024, compared to 45.1% and 47.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Sao Tome and Principe and Zimbabwe compared.

Natural population change in Sao Tome and Principe vs Zimbabwe by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe and +2.34% in Zimbabwe. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Sao Tome	Zimbabwe
1960	1,547	126,959
1961	1,657	131,531
1962	1,625	136,317
1963	1,609	140,984
1964	1,600	145,848
1965	1,611	151,164
1966	1,642	156,014
1967	1,693	161,205
1968	1,767	166,865
1969	1,862	172,626
1970	1,980	178,979
1971	2,127	185,427
1972	2,232	193,725
1973	2,329	201,885
1974	2,422	208,806
1975	2,515	216,947
1976	2,608	221,419
1977	2,705	225,139
1978	2,800	222,979
1979	2,893	223,657
1980	2,965	241,179
1981	3,015	271,361
1982	3,047	279,934
1983	3,100	286,545
1984	3,163	290,052
1985	3,242	290,756
1986	3,180	289,894
1987	3,440	286,766
1988	3,544	277,498
1989	3,576	270,838
1990	3,719	265,444
1991	3,801	260,943
1992	3,822	255,291
1993	3,841	228,045
1994	3,860	216,343
1995	3,948	206,695
1996	3,993	205,269
1997	4,041	216,288
1998	4,120	225,614
1999	4,221	232,393
2000	4,334	236,343
2001	4,471	227,909
2002	4,591	244,170
2003	4,702	243,057
2004	4,810	248,307
2005	4,897	248,545
2006	5,057	248,963
2007	5,226	261,805
2008	5,297	280,527
2009	5,349	309,316
2010	5,391	335,570
2011	5,445	359,572
2012	5,501	371,135
2013	5,449	374,757
2014	5,381	366,350
2015	5,269	356,203
2016	5,125	348,772
2017	5,007	344,035
2018	4,957	345,883
2019	4,932	348,798
2020	4,874	354,790
2021	4,954	349,908
2022	5,102	371,243
2023	5,221	372,505

Maternal mortality chart: Sao Tome and Principe vs Zimbabwe

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 75 deaths per 100,000 live births in Sao Tome and Principe, compared to 358 deaths in Zimbabwe.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Sao Tome	Zimbabwe
1985	159	573
1986	175	525
1987	161	480
1988	157	431
1989	167	382
1990	164	353
1991	166	332
1992	164	333
1993	166	331
1994	168	332
1995	172	332
1996	171	352
1997	173	357
1998	175	368
1999	179	399
2000	180	405
2001	178	467
2002	179	418
2003	178	455
2004	177	451
2005	181	454
2006	177	480
2007	174	519
2008	174	526
2009	172	540
2010	170	567
2011	164	564
2012	158	558
2013	150	525
2014	138	468
2015	128	428
2016	119	411
2017	110	389
2018	100	386
2019	95	388
2020	92	380
2021	98	446
2022	82	368
2023	75	358

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe and 4.42% in Zimbabwe. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Sao Tome	Zimbabwe
1960	-	15.2%
1961	-	14.8%
1962	-	14.4%
1963	-	14%
1964	-	13.5%
1965	9.56%	13.1%
1966	9.29%	12.7%
1967	9.04%	12.4%
1968	8.85%	12.1%
1969	8.71%	11.8%
1970	8.64%	11.7%
1971	8.63%	11.5%
1972	8.67%	11.5%
1973	8.73%	11.4%
1974	8.79%	11.4%
1975	8.85%	11.4%
1976	8.89%	11.5%
1977	8.93%	11.5%
1978	8.96%	11.5%
1979	9.02%	11.3%
1980	9.1%	11.1%
1981	9.21%	10.7%
1982	9.37%	10.1%
1983	9.56%	9.5%
1984	9.77%	8.87%
1985	9.99%	8.31%
1986	11.4%	7.86%
1987	10.4%	7.61%
1988	10.6%	7.55%
1989	10.7%	7.69%
1990	10.8%	7.97%
1991	10.9%	8.33%
1992	10.9%	8.73%
1993	10.8%	9.16%
1994	10.7%	9.52%
1995	10.4%	9.83%
1996	10.1%	10%
1997	9.73%	10.1%
1998	9.26%	10%
1999	8.76%	9.92%
2000	8.21%	9.83%
2001	7.66%	9.79%
2002	7.1%	8.48%
2003	6.57%	8.85%
2004	6.05%	9.17%
2005	5.56%	9.23%
2006	5.11%	9.4%
2007	4.68%	9.47%
2008	4.3%	9.34%
2009	3.95%	9.03%
2010	3.63%	8.5%
2011	3.33%	7.88%
2012	3.04%	7.14%
2013	2.77%	6.55%
2014	2.54%	6.18%
2015	2.31%	5.98%
2016	2.11%	5.69%
2017	1.95%	5.5%
2018	1.81%	5.23%
2019	1.7%	5.11%
2020	1.6%	5.01%
2021	1.53%	4.76%
2022	1.46%	4.6%
2023	1.39%	4.42%