Fertility & birth rates in Japan and Sao Tome and Principe

Fertility rate in Japan vs Sao Tome and Principe chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Japan was 1.2 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.64 in Sao Tome and Principe in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Japan vs Sao Tome and Principe population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Japan	Sao Tome
1960	2	6.24
1961	1.96	6.26
1962	1.98	6.28
1963	2	6.31
1964	2.05	6.33
1965	2.14	6.35
1966	1.58	6.37
1967	2.23	6.39
1968	2.13	6.42
1969	2.13	6.44
1970	2.13	6.47
1971	2.16	6.49
1972	2.14	6.51
1973	2.14	6.53
1974	2.05	6.53
1975	1.91	6.53
1976	1.85	6.52
1977	1.8	6.5
1978	1.79	6.47
1979	1.77	6.43
1980	1.75	6.39
1981	1.74	6.33
1982	1.77	6.28
1983	1.8	6.22
1984	1.81	6.16
1985	1.76	6.1
1986	1.72	6.05
1987	1.69	5.99
1988	1.66	5.94
1989	1.57	5.88
1990	1.54	5.83
1991	1.53	5.77
1992	1.5	5.7
1993	1.46	5.64
1994	1.5	5.56
1995	1.42	5.55
1996	1.43	5.47
1997	1.39	5.4
1998	1.38	5.3
1999	1.34	5.23
2000	1.36	5.16
2001	1.33	5.1
2002	1.32	5.06
2003	1.29	5.01
2004	1.29	4.96
2005	1.26	4.94
2006	1.32	4.93
2007	1.34	4.96
2008	1.37	4.91
2009	1.37	4.84
2010	1.39	4.77
2011	1.39	4.72
2012	1.41	4.66
2013	1.43	4.58
2014	1.42	4.49
2015	1.45	4.35
2016	1.44	4.2
2017	1.43	4.07
2018	1.42	3.98
2019	1.36	3.9
2020	1.33	3.83
2021	1.3	3.76
2022	1.26	3.7
2023	1.2	3.64
2024	1.21	3.6
2025	1.22	3.53
2026	1.22	3.47
2027	1.23	3.42
2028	1.24	3.36
2029	1.25	3.32
2030	1.25	3.26
2031	1.26	3.21
2032	1.26	3.17
2033	1.27	3.13
2034	1.28	3.09
2035	1.28	3.04
2036	1.29	3.01
2037	1.29	2.97
2038	1.3	2.94
2039	1.3	2.9
2040	1.3	2.87
2041	1.31	2.83
2042	1.31	2.8
2043	1.31	2.78
2044	1.32	2.75
2045	1.32	2.73
2046	1.33	2.7
2047	1.33	2.67
2048	1.33	2.64
2049	1.34	2.62
2050	1.34	2.59

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Japan	Sao Tome
1960	29.8%	32.9%
1961	29.1%	34.3%
1962	28%	36.6%
1963	26.8%	38.5%
1964	25.8%	40.2%
1965	25.1%	41.6%
1966	24.4%	42.9%
1967	23.8%	44%
1968	23.5%	44.9%
1969	23.4%	45.8%
1970	23.3%	46.2%
1971	23.3%	46.1%
1972	23.4%	45.9%
1973	23.6%	45.7%
1974	23.8%	45.6%
1975	23.8%	45.5%
1976	23.9%	45.4%
1977	23.9%	45.3%
1978	23.8%	45.2%
1979	23.7%	45.1%
1980	23.4%	44.9%
1981	23.3%	44.7%
1982	23.1%	44.5%
1983	22.6%	44.5%
1984	22.2%	44.4%
1985	21.7%	44.5%
1986	21%	44.7%
1987	20.3%	44.9%
1988	19.5%	45%
1989	18.8%	45%
1990	18%	45.1%
1991	17.4%	45.1%
1992	16.9%	45.2%
1993	16.4%	45.2%
1994	16%	45.1%
1995	15.6%	44.9%
1996	15.3%	44.7%
1997	15.1%	44.3%
1998	14.8%	43.9%
1999	14.6%	43.4%
2000	14.4%	42.8%
2001	14.2%	42.5%
2002	14.1%	42.3%
2003	13.9%	42.2%
2004	13.8%	42.1%
2005	13.8%	42%
2006	13.7%	42%
2007	13.6%	42%
2008	13.5%	42.1%
2009	13.5%	42.1%
2010	13.4%	42.1%
2011	13.3%	42%
2012	13.2%	42%
2013	13.1%	42%
2014	13%	42%
2015	12.8%	41.9%
2016	12.7%	41.7%
2017	12.6%	41.4%
2018	12.5%	40.9%
2019	12.4%	40.5%
2020	12.2%	39.9%
2021	12%	39.4%
2022	11.9%	38.8%
2023	11.6%	38.3%
2024	11.4%	37.8%
2025	11.2%	37.5%
2026	11%	37.2%
2027	10.9%	36.8%
2028	10.7%	36.4%
2029	10.5%	36%
2030	10.4%	35.6%
2031	10.3%	35.4%
2032	10.2%	35.2%
2033	10.1%	35%
2034	10.1%	34.8%
2035	10.1%	34.7%
2036	10.1%	34.5%
2037	10.1%	34.2%
2038	10.2%	34%
2039	10.3%	33.8%
2040	10.4%	33.5%
2041	10.5%	33.2%
2042	10.6%	32.9%
2043	10.7%	32.6%
2044	10.8%	32.3%
2045	10.9%	32%
2046	11%	31.6%
2047	11.1%	31.3%
2048	11.2%	31%
2049	11.2%	30.6%
2050	11.2%	30.2%

Children aged 0-14 make up 11.4% of the population in Japan and 37.8% in Sao Tome and Principe in 2024, compared to 18% and 45.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Japan and Sao Tome and Principe compared.

Natural population change in Japan vs Sao Tome and Principe by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been -0.41% in Japan and +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Japan	Sao Tome
1960	894,874	1,547
1961	893,522	1,657
1962	901,864	1,625
1963	987,770	1,609
1964	1,046,553	1,600
1965	1,126,448	1,611
1966	682,072	1,642
1967	1,258,475	1,693
1968	1,191,930	1,767
1969	1,195,962	1,862
1970	1,230,496	1,980
1971	1,331,782	2,127
1972	1,372,006	2,232
1973	1,391,449	2,329
1974	1,332,960	2,422
1975	1,204,989	2,515
1976	1,127,750	2,608
1977	1,070,397	2,705
1978	1,011,234	2,800
1979	950,298	2,893
1980	864,372	2,965
1981	811,861	3,015
1982	805,664	3,047
1983	775,495	3,100
1984	756,523	3,163
1985	676,687	3,242
1986	631,706	3,180
1987	598,138	3,440
1988	527,085	3,544
1989	467,662	3,576
1990	407,478	3,719
1991	396,685	3,801
1992	360,833	3,822
1993	312,073	3,841
1994	363,017	3,860
1995	276,039	3,948
1996	314,392	3,993
1997	277,325	4,041
1998	265,440	4,120
1999	202,610	4,221
2000	228,317	4,334
2001	203,438	4,471
2002	178,423	4,591
2003	114,946	4,702
2004	76,656	4,810
2005	-25,554	4,897
2006	12,785	5,057
2007	-25,600	5,226
2008	-51,225	5,297
2009	-76,828	5,349
2010	-128,070	5,391
2011	-204,533	5,445
2012	-229,733	5,501
2013	-242,146	5,449
2014	-267,279	5,381
2015	-292,424	5,269
2016	-343,106	5,125
2017	-406,310	5,007
2018	-456,520	4,957
2019	-531,858	4,932
2020	-542,923	4,874
2021	-640,976	4,954
2022	-825,825	5,102
2023	-871,617	5,221

Maternal mortality chart: Japan vs Sao Tome and Principe

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 3 deaths per 100,000 live births in Japan, compared to 75 deaths in Sao Tome and Principe.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Japan	Sao Tome
1985	19	159
1986	18	175
1987	17	161
1988	16	157
1989	15	167
1990	14	164
1991	13	166
1992	13	164
1993	12	166
1994	11	168
1995	11	172
1996	11	171
1997	10	173
1998	10	175
1999	9	179
2000	9	180
2001	8	178
2002	8	179
2003	8	178
2004	7	177
2005	7	181
2006	7	177
2007	6	174
2008	6	174
2009	6	172
2010	6	170
2011	6	164
2012	6	158
2013	5	150
2014	5	138
2015	5	128
2016	5	119
2017	5	110
2018	5	100
2019	5	95
2020	4	92
2021	4	98
2022	5	82
2023	3	75

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.24% in Japan and 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Japan	Sao Tome
1960	3.97%	-
1961	3.62%	-
1962	3.29%	-
1963	2.98%	-
1964	2.7%	-
1965	2.46%	9.56%
1966	2.26%	9.29%
1967	2.1%	9.04%
1968	1.96%	8.85%
1969	1.85%	8.71%
1970	1.75%	8.64%
1971	1.65%	8.63%
1972	1.57%	8.67%
1973	1.49%	8.73%
1974	1.41%	8.79%
1975	1.33%	8.85%
1976	1.25%	8.89%
1977	1.18%	8.93%
1978	1.11%	8.96%
1979	1.05%	9.02%
1980	0.99%	9.1%
1981	0.93%	9.21%
1982	0.88%	9.37%
1983	0.83%	9.56%
1984	0.79%	9.77%
1985	0.75%	9.99%
1986	0.71%	11.4%
1987	0.68%	10.4%
1988	0.66%	10.6%
1989	0.64%	10.7%
1990	0.63%	10.8%
1991	0.62%	10.9%
1992	0.61%	10.9%
1993	0.6%	10.8%
1994	0.59%	10.7%
1995	0.57%	10.4%
1996	0.55%	10.1%
1997	0.52%	9.73%
1998	0.5%	9.26%
1999	0.47%	8.76%
2000	0.45%	8.21%
2001	0.43%	7.66%
2002	0.41%	7.1%
2003	0.4%	6.57%
2004	0.39%	6.05%
2005	0.37%	5.56%
2006	0.36%	5.11%
2007	0.35%	4.68%
2008	0.34%	4.3%
2009	0.34%	3.95%
2010	0.33%	3.63%
2011	0.33%	3.33%
2012	0.31%	3.04%
2013	0.3%	2.77%
2014	0.29%	2.54%
2015	0.28%	2.31%
2016	0.27%	2.11%
2017	0.26%	1.95%
2018	0.25%	1.81%
2019	0.25%	1.7%
2020	0.24%	1.6%
2021	0.24%	1.53%
2022	0.24%	1.46%
2023	0.24%	1.39%