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Fertility & birth rates in Spain and Sweden

Updated on by Georank team

Spain has an annual birth rate of 6.7 births per 1,000 people, compared to 9.5 for Sweden. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 1.12 in Spain and 1.45 in Sweden — 29.5% difference.

1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by -60.8% in Spain and by -33.2% in Sweden — in 1960, it was 2.86 and 2.17, respectively.

Birth rates facts compared:

  • Spain is ranked 189/196 by birth rate compared to 153/196 for Sweden.
  • The mean age for first-time mothers is 31.5 years in Spain, compared to 30 years in Sweden.
  • The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 32.5 in Spain — it's 31.7 in Sweden.
  • Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 4.81 in Spain vs 1.79 in Sweden.
  • In Spain, 21.3% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 21.3% in Sweden.
  • Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.23% in Spain and +0.05% in Sweden.

Birth rate data compared

Spain Sweden
Fertility rate 1.12 1.45
Birth rate 6.7 9.5
Birth rate rank 189/196 153/196
Age at first childbirth 31.5 years 30 years
Average age at childbearing 32.5 years 31.7 years
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 4.92 1.63
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 34.4 54
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ 13.5 18.4
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population 21.3% 21.3%
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 59.9% n/a
Share of births attended by skilled health staff 99.9% 100%
Maternal mortality per live birth 0.003% 0.004%
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) 0.17% 0.14%
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) 0.26% 0.2%
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births 0.31% 0.25%
Population change due to births and deaths -111,201 +5,269
Natural population change rank 189/196 125/196
Natural population change rate -0.23% +0.05%
Population growth +0.95% +0.31%
Population growth rank 108/197 148/197
Life expectancy 84 years 83.6 years

Fertility rate in Spain vs Sweden chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Spain was 1.12 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.45 in Sweden in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Spain vs Sweden population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Spain
Factual

UN forecast
Sweden
Factual

UN forecast

Births per woman

Year Fertility rate
Spain Sweden
1960 2.86 2.17
1961 2.77 2.21
1962 2.8 2.25
1963 2.88 2.33
1964 3.01 2.47
1965 2.94 2.39
1966 2.91 2.37
1967 2.94 2.28
1968 2.87 2.07
1969 2.86 1.93
1970 2.84 1.92
1971 2.9 1.96
1972 2.87 1.91
1973 2.84 1.87
1974 2.88 1.87
1975 2.77 1.77
1976 2.77 1.68
1977 2.65 1.64
1978 2.54 1.6
1979 2.37 1.66
1980 2.22 1.68
1981 2.04 1.63
1982 1.94 1.62
1983 1.8 1.61
1984 1.73 1.66
1985 1.64 1.74
1986 1.56 1.8
1987 1.49 1.84
1988 1.45 1.96
1989 1.4 2.01
1990 1.36 2.13
1991 1.33 2.11
1992 1.31 2.09
1993 1.26 1.99
1994 1.19 1.88
1995 1.16 1.73
1996 1.14 1.6
1997 1.15 1.52
1998 1.13 1.5
1999 1.17 1.5
2000 1.22 1.54
2001 1.23 1.57
2002 1.25 1.65
2003 1.3 1.71
2004 1.31 1.75
2005 1.33 1.77
2006 1.36 1.85
2007 1.38 1.88
2008 1.45 1.91
2009 1.38 1.94
2010 1.37 1.98
2011 1.34 1.9
2012 1.32 1.91
2013 1.27 1.89
2014 1.32 1.88
2015 1.33 1.85
2016 1.33 1.85
2017 1.31 1.78
2018 1.26 1.76
2019 1.23 1.71
2020 1.18 1.67
2021 1.18 1.67
2022 1.16 1.53
2023 1.12 1.45
2024 1.13 1.45
2025 1.14 1.46
2026 1.14 1.46
2027 1.15 1.47
2028 1.16 1.47
2029 1.16 1.48
2030 1.17 1.48
2031 1.17 1.49
2032 1.18 1.49
2033 1.18 1.49
2034 1.19 1.5
2035 1.19 1.5
2036 1.2 1.5
2037 1.2 1.51
2038 1.2 1.51
2039 1.21 1.51
2040 1.21 1.52
2041 1.22 1.52
2042 1.23 1.53
2043 1.23 1.53
2044 1.24 1.53
2045 1.24 1.53
2046 1.24 1.53
2047 1.25 1.54
2048 1.25 1.54
2049 1.25 1.54
2050 1.26 1.54

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Spain
Factual

UN forecast
Sweden
Factual

UN forecast
Year Share of people 0-14 years old
Spain Sweden
1960 27.4% 22.4%
1961 27.4% 22%
1962 27.4% 21.5%
1963 27.4% 21.2%
1964 27.4% 21%
1965 27.5% 20.9%
1966 27.6% 20.9%
1967 27.7% 21%
1968 27.8% 20.9%
1969 27.8% 20.9%
1970 27.9% 20.8%
1971 27.8% 20.8%
1972 27.8% 20.8%
1973 27.7% 20.7%
1974 27.5% 20.7%
1975 27.3% 20.7%
1976 27.2% 20.6%
1977 27% 20.5%
1978 26.8% 20.3%
1979 26.4% 19.9%
1980 26% 19.6%
1981 25.5% 19.2%
1982 24.9% 18.9%
1983 24.4% 18.6%
1984 23.8% 18.3%
1985 23.2% 18.2%
1986 22.5% 18%
1987 21.9% 17.9%
1988 21.2% 17.8%
1989 20.5% 17.8%
1990 19.8% 17.9%
1991 19.1% 18.1%
1992 18.4% 18.4%
1993 17.8% 18.6%
1994 17.2% 18.8%
1995 16.6% 18.9%
1996 16.1% 18.8%
1997 15.7% 18.7%
1998 15.3% 18.7%
1999 15% 18.6%
2000 14.8% 18.4%
2001 14.7% 18.3%
2002 14.6% 18.1%
2003 14.5% 17.9%
2004 14.5% 17.7%
2005 14.5% 17.4%
2006 14.5% 17.1%
2007 14.6% 16.9%
2008 14.7% 16.7%
2009 14.8% 16.6%
2010 14.9% 16.6%
2011 15% 16.7%
2012 15.1% 16.8%
2013 15.1% 17%
2014 15.1% 17.2%
2015 15% 17.3%
2016 14.9% 17.5%
2017 14.8% 17.7%
2018 14.7% 17.8%
2019 14.4% 17.8%
2020 14.2% 17.7%
2021 13.9% 17.7%
2022 13.6% 17.5%
2023 13.3% 17.2%
2024 12.9% 17%
2025 12.6% 16.7%
2026 12.3% 16.4%
2027 12.1% 16.2%
2028 11.8% 15.9%
2029 11.6% 15.6%
2030 11.4% 15.3%
2031 11.2% 15.1%
2032 11% 14.8%
2033 10.9% 14.5%
2034 10.8% 14.3%
2035 10.7% 14.1%
2036 10.7% 13.9%
2037 10.7% 13.8%
2038 10.8% 13.8%
2039 10.8% 13.8%
2040 10.8% 13.8%
2041 10.9% 13.8%
2042 11% 13.9%
2043 11% 13.9%
2044 11.1% 14%
2045 11.2% 14.1%
2046 11.3% 14.1%
2047 11.3% 14.2%
2048 11.4% 14.3%
2049 11.5% 14.4%
2050 11.5% 14.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 12.9% of the population in Spain and 17% in Sweden in 2024, compared to 19.8% and 17.9% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Spain and Sweden compared.

Natural population change in Spain vs Sweden by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been -0.13% in Spain and +0.2% in Sweden. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Spain
Sweden

Natural population change

Year Population change due to births and deaths
Spain Sweden
1960 398,960 27,693
1961 396,537 30,832
1962 384,690 30,246
1963 394,338 35,741
1964 429,885 45,968
1965 405,819 44,857
1966 397,084 45,286
1967 402,001 41,700
1968 387,423 30,858
1969 367,851 23,904
1970 378,723 30,563
1971 369,625 31,583
1972 391,030 28,428
1973 374,381 24,409
1974 396,182 23,664
1975 371,882 14,746
1976 375,834 8,222
1977 361,465 7,426
1978 339,157 4,138
1979 312,407 4,976
1980 281,184 5,818
1981 237,879 1,664
1982 231,714 1,665
1983 183,223 833
1984 172,487 3,335
1985 146,184 4,175
1986 131,188 9,206
1987 116,054 11,757
1988 100,794 15,186
1989 81,538 24,629
1990 66,075 29,100
1991 58,450 29,299
1992 62,652 28,605
1993 47,234 20,924
1994 31,639 20,196
1995 15,889 9,710
1996 11,967 1,768
1997 20,028 -3,539
1998 4,022 -3,541
1999 8,077 -6,201
2000 36,512 -2,662
2001 44,936 -1,779
2002 53,861 893
2003 54,844 6,271
2004 85,844 9,893
2005 78,576 9,030
2006 110,994 15,436
2007 108,545 15,552
2008 133,267 18,439
2009 106,635 21,387
2010 102,469 25,320
2011 84,137 21,733
2012 51,450 20,943
2013 37,284 23,041
2014 32,522 26,179
2015 -4,642 23,518
2016 0 25,800
2017 -32,600 24,138
2018 -56,139 23,403
2019 -56,542 25,697
2020 -151,551 14,495
2021 -113,865 22,914
2022 -133,801 10,487
2023 -111,201 5,269

Fertility rates around the globe

Fertility rate

Maternal mortality chart: Spain vs Sweden

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 3 deaths per 100,000 live births in Spain, compared to 4 deaths in Sweden.

Spain
Sweden
Year Maternal mortality per 100K births
Spain Sweden
1985 6 8
1986 7 8
1987 7 8
1988 7 9
1989 7 9
1990 6 8
1991 6 8
1992 6 8
1993 6 8
1994 6 7
1995 6 7
1996 6 6
1997 5 6
1998 5 6
1999 5 6
2000 5 5
2001 5 5
2002 5 5
2003 4 5
2004 5 5
2005 5 5
2006 4 5
2007 4 5
2008 4 5
2009 4 5
2010 4 5
2011 4 5
2012 4 5
2013 4 5
2014 4 5
2015 4 5
2016 3 5
2017 3 5
2018 3 5
2019 3 4
2020 4 5
2021 4 5
2022 4 5
2023 3 4

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.31% in Spain and 0.25% in Sweden. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Spain
Sweden

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

Year Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
Spain Sweden
1960 5.47% 1.96%
1961 5.2% 1.92%
1962 4.94% 1.86%
1963 4.68% 1.79%
1964 4.45% 1.71%
1965 4.23% 1.63%
1966 4.03% 1.56%
1967 3.83% 1.49%
1968 3.61% 1.44%
1969 3.39% 1.39%
1970 3.16% 1.34%
1971 2.94% 1.29%
1972 2.72% 1.23%
1973 2.52% 1.16%
1974 2.33% 1.09%
1975 2.17% 1.03%
1976 2.02% 0.98%
1977 1.87% 0.94%
1978 1.74% 0.9%
1979 1.61% 0.87%
1980 1.49% 0.84%
1981 1.38% 0.82%
1982 1.3% 0.8%
1983 1.23% 0.78%
1984 1.17% 0.77%
1985 1.11% 0.76%
1986 1.07% 0.75%
1987 1.03% 0.74%
1988 0.99% 0.73%
1989 0.95% 0.72%
1990 0.92% 0.7%
1991 0.88% 0.66%
1992 0.83% 0.62%
1993 0.79% 0.57%
1994 0.74% 0.52%
1995 0.69% 0.48%
1996 0.65% 0.46%
1997 0.61% 0.44%
1998 0.58% 0.42%
1999 0.56% 0.41%
2000 0.54% 0.41%
2001 0.53% 0.4%
2002 0.51% 0.4%
2003 0.5% 0.39%
2004 0.49% 0.37%
2005 0.47% 0.36%
2006 0.45% 0.35%
2007 0.44% 0.33%
2008 0.42% 0.32%
2009 0.4% 0.31%
2010 0.38% 0.31%
2011 0.37% 0.3%
2012 0.36% 0.3%
2013 0.35% 0.29%
2014 0.34% 0.29%
2015 0.33% 0.29%
2016 0.33% 0.28%
2017 0.32% 0.28%
2018 0.32% 0.27%
2019 0.32% 0.26%
2020 0.32% 0.26%
2021 0.31% 0.25%
2022 0.31% 0.25%
2023 0.31% 0.25%

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Birth rate comparisons

Birth rate vs Spain vs Sweden
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