Fertility & birth rates in Mexico and Sao Tome and Principe

Fertility rate in Mexico vs Sao Tome and Principe chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Mexico was 1.91 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.64 in Sao Tome and Principe in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Mexico vs Sao Tome and Principe population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Mexico	Sao Tome
1960	6.76	6.24
1961	6.78	6.26
1962	6.8	6.28
1963	6.82	6.31
1964	6.83	6.33
1965	6.82	6.35
1966	6.79	6.37
1967	6.75	6.39
1968	6.71	6.42
1969	6.63	6.44
1970	6.53	6.47
1971	6.42	6.49
1972	6.28	6.51
1973	6.12	6.53
1974	5.95	6.53
1975	5.74	6.53
1976	5.54	6.52
1977	5.36	6.5
1978	5.2	6.47
1979	4.96	6.43
1980	4.74	6.39
1981	4.57	6.33
1982	4.43	6.28
1983	4.3	6.22
1984	4.18	6.16
1985	4.09	6.1
1986	3.97	6.05
1987	3.8	5.99
1988	3.64	5.94
1989	3.53	5.88
1990	3.44	5.83
1991	3.36	5.77
1992	3.29	5.7
1993	3.21	5.64
1994	3.13	5.56
1995	3.04	5.55
1996	2.96	5.47
1997	2.89	5.4
1998	2.82	5.3
1999	2.76	5.23
2000	2.71	5.16
2001	2.67	5.1
2002	2.63	5.06
2003	2.58	5.01
2004	2.54	4.96
2005	2.5	4.94
2006	2.46	4.93
2007	2.42	4.96
2008	2.39	4.91
2009	2.36	4.84
2010	2.34	4.77
2011	2.32	4.72
2012	2.29	4.66
2013	2.27	4.58
2014	2.21	4.49
2015	2.14	4.35
2016	2.09	4.2
2017	2.04	4.07
2018	2.03	3.98
2019	2.02	3.9
2020	1.99	3.83
2021	1.97	3.76
2022	1.94	3.7
2023	1.91	3.64
2024	1.89	3.6
2025	1.87	3.53
2026	1.85	3.47
2027	1.83	3.42
2028	1.82	3.36
2029	1.81	3.32
2030	1.79	3.26
2031	1.78	3.21
2032	1.77	3.17
2033	1.77	3.13
2034	1.76	3.09
2035	1.76	3.04
2036	1.75	3.01
2037	1.75	2.97
2038	1.74	2.94
2039	1.74	2.9
2040	1.73	2.87
2041	1.73	2.83
2042	1.72	2.8
2043	1.72	2.78
2044	1.72	2.75
2045	1.71	2.73
2046	1.71	2.7
2047	1.71	2.67
2048	1.7	2.64
2049	1.7	2.62
2050	1.7	2.59

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Mexico	Sao Tome
1960	46.8%	32.9%
1961	47%	34.3%
1962	47.1%	36.6%
1963	47.2%	38.5%
1964	47.3%	40.2%
1965	47.4%	41.6%
1966	47.5%	42.9%
1967	47.6%	44%
1968	47.6%	44.9%
1969	47.7%	45.8%
1970	47.7%	46.2%
1971	47.8%	46.1%
1972	47.7%	45.9%
1973	47.7%	45.7%
1974	47.6%	45.6%
1975	47.5%	45.5%
1976	47.2%	45.4%
1977	47%	45.3%
1978	46.7%	45.2%
1979	46.3%	45.1%
1980	45.8%	44.9%
1981	45.2%	44.7%
1982	44.4%	44.5%
1983	43.7%	44.5%
1984	43%	44.4%
1985	42.3%	44.5%
1986	41.6%	44.7%
1987	41%	44.9%
1988	40.3%	45%
1989	39.7%	45%
1990	39%	45.1%
1991	38.4%	45.1%
1992	37.8%	45.2%
1993	37.3%	45.2%
1994	36.9%	45.1%
1995	36.5%	44.9%
1996	36%	44.7%
1997	35.6%	44.3%
1998	35.2%	43.9%
1999	34.8%	43.4%
2000	34.3%	42.8%
2001	33.9%	42.5%
2002	33.4%	42.3%
2003	33%	42.2%
2004	32.5%	42.1%
2005	32.1%	42%
2006	31.6%	42%
2007	31.1%	42%
2008	30.6%	42.1%
2009	30.2%	42.1%
2010	29.8%	42.1%
2011	29.4%	42%
2012	29%	42%
2013	28.7%	42%
2014	28.3%	42%
2015	28%	41.9%
2016	27.6%	41.7%
2017	27.2%	41.4%
2018	26.7%	40.9%
2019	26.3%	40.5%
2020	26%	39.9%
2021	25.7%	39.4%
2022	25.3%	38.8%
2023	24.9%	38.3%
2024	24.5%	37.8%
2025	24.1%	37.5%
2026	23.7%	37.2%
2027	23.2%	36.8%
2028	22.8%	36.4%
2029	22.4%	36%
2030	22.1%	35.6%
2031	21.7%	35.4%
2032	21.4%	35.2%
2033	21.2%	35%
2034	20.9%	34.8%
2035	20.6%	34.7%
2036	20.3%	34.5%
2037	20.1%	34.2%
2038	19.9%	34%
2039	19.6%	33.8%
2040	19.4%	33.5%
2041	19.2%	33.2%
2042	19%	32.9%
2043	18.8%	32.6%
2044	18.6%	32.3%
2045	18.4%	32%
2046	18.2%	31.6%
2047	18%	31.3%
2048	17.8%	31%
2049	17.7%	30.6%
2050	17.5%	30.2%

Children aged 0-14 make up 24.5% of the population in Mexico and 37.8% in Sao Tome and Principe in 2024, compared to 39% and 45.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Mexico and Sao Tome and Principe compared.

Natural population change in Mexico vs Sao Tome and Principe by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.05% in Mexico and +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Mexico	Sao Tome
1960	1,206,955	1,547
1961	1,265,833	1,657
1962	1,328,319	1,625
1963	1,387,678	1,609
1964	1,447,360	1,600
1965	1,508,344	1,611
1966	1,566,170	1,642
1967	1,620,534	1,693
1968	1,671,918	1,767
1969	1,711,297	1,862
1970	1,753,370	1,980
1971	1,790,990	2,127
1972	1,823,302	2,232
1973	1,845,593	2,329
1974	1,868,809	2,422
1975	1,880,241	2,515
1976	1,891,958	2,608
1977	1,902,964	2,705
1978	1,921,419	2,800
1979	1,908,018	2,893
1980	1,893,158	2,965
1981	1,904,384	3,015
1982	1,921,772	3,047
1983	1,939,193	3,100
1984	1,960,428	3,163
1985	1,983,622	3,242
1986	1,998,043	3,180
1987	1,971,231	3,440
1988	1,936,601	3,544
1989	1,927,752	3,576
1990	1,926,480	3,719
1991	1,942,832	3,801
1992	1,956,659	3,822
1993	1,963,708	3,841
1994	1,959,775	3,860
1995	1,941,458	3,948
1996	1,922,554	3,993
1997	1,898,383	4,041
1998	1,871,650	4,120
1999	1,859,475	4,221
2000	1,845,383	4,334
2001	1,836,418	4,471
2002	1,820,665	4,591
2003	1,788,016	4,702
2004	1,759,250	4,810
2005	1,732,663	4,897
2006	1,706,084	5,057
2007	1,684,915	5,226
2008	1,670,846	5,297
2009	1,661,180	5,349
2010	1,658,682	5,391
2011	1,659,161	5,445
2012	1,656,599	5,501
2013	1,642,609	5,449
2014	1,587,620	5,381
2015	1,508,439	5,269
2016	1,445,256	5,125
2017	1,384,178	5,007
2018	1,366,076	4,957
2019	1,357,485	4,932
2020	1,031,637	4,874
2021	936,682	4,954
2022	1,224,397	5,102
2023	1,238,366	5,221

Maternal mortality chart: Mexico vs Sao Tome and Principe

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 42 deaths per 100,000 live births in Mexico, compared to 75 deaths in Sao Tome and Principe.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Mexico	Sao Tome
1985	107	159
1986	100	175
1987	93	161
1988	88	157
1989	85	167
1990	81	164
1991	77	166
1992	73	164
1993	71	166
1994	69	168
1995	66	172
1996	64	171
1997	62	173
1998	60	175
1999	58	179
2000	56	180
2001	55	178
2002	55	179
2003	54	178
2004	53	177
2005	52	181
2006	51	177
2007	50	174
2008	51	174
2009	51	172
2010	50	170
2011	47	164
2012	46	158
2013	45	150
2014	44	138
2015	43	128
2016	43	119
2017	44	110
2018	44	100
2019	43	95
2020	61	92
2021	104	98
2022	45	82
2023	42	75

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.25% in Mexico and 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Mexico	Sao Tome
1960	15.5%	-
1961	14.8%	-
1962	14.3%	-
1963	13.7%	-
1964	13.2%	-
1965	12.7%	9.56%
1966	12.3%	9.29%
1967	11.9%	9.04%
1968	11.5%	8.85%
1969	11.1%	8.71%
1970	10.7%	8.64%
1971	10.3%	8.63%
1972	9.93%	8.67%
1973	9.56%	8.73%
1974	9.21%	8.79%
1975	8.86%	8.85%
1976	8.52%	8.89%
1977	8.18%	8.93%
1978	7.85%	8.96%
1979	7.51%	9.02%
1980	7.18%	9.1%
1981	6.86%	9.21%
1982	6.55%	9.37%
1983	6.26%	9.56%
1984	5.98%	9.77%
1985	5.71%	9.99%
1986	5.46%	11.4%
1987	5.21%	10.4%
1988	4.98%	10.6%
1989	4.75%	10.7%
1990	4.53%	10.8%
1991	4.32%	10.9%
1992	4.12%	10.9%
1993	3.92%	10.8%
1994	3.74%	10.7%
1995	3.57%	10.4%
1996	3.4%	10.1%
1997	3.24%	9.73%
1998	3.09%	9.26%
1999	2.94%	8.76%
2000	2.81%	8.21%
2001	2.68%	7.66%
2002	2.57%	7.1%
2003	2.46%	6.57%
2004	2.36%	6.05%
2005	2.27%	5.56%
2006	2.19%	5.11%
2007	2.11%	4.68%
2008	2.04%	4.3%
2009	1.98%	3.95%
2010	1.91%	3.63%
2011	1.85%	3.33%
2012	1.79%	3.04%
2013	1.73%	2.77%
2014	1.68%	2.54%
2015	1.62%	2.31%
2016	1.57%	2.11%
2017	1.52%	1.95%
2018	1.47%	1.81%
2019	1.42%	1.7%
2020	1.38%	1.6%
2021	1.33%	1.53%
2022	1.29%	1.46%
2023	1.25%	1.39%