Fertility & birth rates in Singapore and Spain

Fertility rate in Singapore vs Spain by year

Chart Table

Singapore

Spain

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Singapore	Spain
2023	0.97	1.12
2022	1.04	1.16
2021	1.12	1.18
2020	1.1	1.18
2019	1.14	1.23
2018	1.14	1.26
2017	1.16	1.31
2016	1.2	1.33
2015	1.24	1.33
2014	1.25	1.32
2013	1.19	1.27
2012	1.29	1.32
2011	1.2	1.34
2010	1.15	1.37
2009	1.22	1.38
2008	1.28	1.45
2007	1.29	1.38
2006	1.28	1.36
2005	1.26	1.33
2004	1.26	1.31
2003	1.27	1.3
2002	1.37	1.25
2001	1.41	1.23
2000	1.6	1.22
1999	1.47	1.17
1998	1.48	1.13
1997	1.61	1.15
1996	1.66	1.14
1995	1.67	1.16
1994	1.71	1.19
1993	1.74	1.26
1992	1.72	1.31
1991	1.73	1.33
1990	1.83	1.36
1989	1.75	1.4
1988	1.96	1.45
1987	1.62	1.49
1986	1.43	1.56
1985	1.61	1.64
1984	1.62	1.73
1983	1.61	1.8
1982	1.74	1.94
1981	1.78	2.04
1980	1.82	2.22
1979	1.79	2.37
1978	1.79	2.54
1977	1.82	2.65
1976	2.11	2.77
1975	2.07	2.77
1974	2.35	2.88
1973	2.79	2.84
1972	3.04	2.87
1971	3.02	2.9
1970	3.07	2.84
1969	3.22	2.86
1968	3.53	2.87
1967	3.91	2.94
1966	4.46	2.91
1965	4.66	2.94
1964	4.97	3.01
1963	5.16	2.88
1962	5.21	2.8
1961	5.41	2.77
1960	5.76	2.86

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Singapore was 0.97 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.12 in Spain in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Singapore vs Spain population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Singapore

Spain

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Singapore	Spain
2023	7,101	-111,211
2022	9,019	-133,801
2021	15,270	-113,865
2020	18,763	-151,551
2019	21,674	-56,542
2018	21,427	-56,139
2017	21,888	-32,600
2016	25,794	0
2015	27,121	-4,642
2014	27,896	32,522
2013	25,376	37,284
2012	29,750	51,450
2011	25,919	84,137
2010	24,876	102,469
2009	27,930	106,635
2008	28,068	133,267
2007	26,614	108,545
2006	25,968	110,994
2005	24,741	78,576
2004	24,583	85,844
2003	24,689	54,844
2002	29,231	53,861
2001	31,035	44,936
2000	37,057	36,512
1999	32,857	8,077
1998	33,381	4,022
1997	37,960	20,028
1996	38,542	11,967
1995	38,065	15,889
1994	39,319	31,639
1993	40,425	47,234
1992	39,091	62,652
1991	39,188	58,450
1990	41,136	66,075
1989	36,929	81,538
1988	42,407	100,794
1987	33,020	116,054
1986	27,880	131,188
1985	32,010	146,184
1984	31,967	172,487
1983	30,296	183,223
1982	33,346	231,714
1981	32,167	237,879
1980	30,657	281,184
1979	28,363	312,407
1978	27,537	339,157
1977	26,508	361,465
1976	31,189	375,834
1975	28,509	371,882
1974	31,664	396,182
1973	36,404	374,381
1972	38,098	391,030
1971	35,708	369,625
1970	35,059	378,723
1969	34,314	367,851
1968	36,216	387,423
1967	40,145	402,001
1966	44,298	397,084
1965	45,474	405,819
1964	47,697	429,885
1963	49,542	394,338
1962	48,830	384,690
1961	49,880	396,537
1960	51,533	398,960

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +0.12% in Singapore and -0.23% in Spain.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +0.35% in Singapore and -0.13% in Spain.

Birth rate in Singapore vs Spain by year

Chart Table

Singapore

Spain

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Singapore	Spain
2023	7.4	6.7
2022	7.9	6.9
2021	8.6	7.1
2020	8.5	7.2
2019	8.8	7.6
2018	8.8	7.9
2017	8.9	8.4
2016	9.4	8.8
2015	9.7	9
2014	9.8	9.2
2013	9.3	9.1
2012	10.1	9.7
2011	9.5	10.1
2010	9.3	10.4
2009	9.9	10.6
2008	10.2	11.3
2007	10.3	10.9
2006	10.3	10.8
2005	10.2	10.6
2004	10.3	10.6
2003	10.5	10.4
2002	11.4	10.1
2001	11.8	9.9
2000	13.7	9.8
1999	12.8	9.4
1998	13.1	9.1
1997	14.5	9.2
1996	15.2	9.1
1995	15.6	9.1
1994	16.2	9.4
1993	16.8	9.8
1992	16.8	10.1
1991	17.1	10.2
1990	18.2	10.3
1989	17.5	10.5
1988	19.8	10.8
1987	16.6	11
1986	14.8	11.4
1985	16.6	11.9
1984	16.5	12.3
1983	16.3	12.7
1982	17.5	13.6
1981	17.6	14.1
1980	17.6	15.2
1979	17.1	16.2
1978	16.8	17.3
1977	16.5	18
1976	18.7	18.7
1975	17.7	18.7
1974	19.4	19.5
1973	22	19.2
1972	23.1	19.4
1971	22.3	19.6
1970	22.1	19.5
1969	21.8	19.9
1968	23.5	20.1
1967	25.6	20.7
1966	28.3	20.7
1965	29.5	21.1
1964	31.6	22
1963	33.2	21.4
1962	33.7	21.1
1961	35.2	21.2
1960	37.5	21.7

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 7.4 in Singapore and 6.7 in Spain, compared with 37.5 and 21.7, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Singapore

Factual

UN forecast

Spain

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Singapore	Spain
2100	10.2%	11.6%
2099	10.1%	11.6%
2098	9.95%	11.7%
2097	9.84%	11.7%
2096	9.72%	11.7%
2095	9.6%	11.8%
2094	9.48%	11.8%
2093	9.37%	11.9%
2092	9.27%	11.9%
2091	9.18%	11.9%
2090	9.1%	12%
2089	9.04%	12%
2088	8.99%	12%
2087	8.96%	12.1%
2086	8.95%	12.1%
2085	8.95%	12.1%
2084	8.97%	12%
2083	9%	12%
2082	9.04%	12%
2081	9.09%	11.9%
2080	9.15%	11.9%
2079	9.21%	11.8%
2078	9.27%	11.7%
2077	9.32%	11.6%
2076	9.38%	11.6%
2075	9.42%	11.5%
2074	9.45%	11.4%
2073	9.46%	11.3%
2072	9.47%	11.2%
2071	9.45%	11.2%
2070	9.42%	11.1%
2069	9.37%	11.1%
2068	9.31%	11%
2067	9.24%	11%
2066	9.15%	11%
2065	9.05%	11%
2064	8.95%	11%
2063	8.85%	11.1%
2062	8.75%	11.1%
2061	8.65%	11.2%
2060	8.57%	11.2%
2059	8.5%	11.3%
2058	8.45%	11.4%
2057	8.43%	11.4%
2056	8.44%	11.5%
2055	8.48%	11.5%
2054	8.56%	11.5%
2053	8.67%	11.5%
2052	8.83%	11.5%
2051	9.02%	11.5%
2050	9.23%	11.5%
2049	9.47%	11.4%
2048	9.73%	11.4%
2047	10%	11.3%
2046	10.3%	11.2%
2045	10.6%	11.1%
2044	10.8%	11.1%
2043	11.1%	11%
2042	11.4%	10.9%
2041	11.6%	10.9%
2040	11.8%	10.8%
2039	11.9%	10.8%
2038	12%	10.7%
2037	12.1%	10.7%
2036	12.1%	10.7%
2035	12.1%	10.7%
2034	12.1%	10.8%
2033	12.1%	10.9%
2032	12.1%	11.1%
2031	12%	11.3%
2030	12%	11.5%
2029	11.9%	11.7%
2028	11.8%	11.9%
2027	11.8%	12.2%
2026	11.7%	12.5%
2025	11.7%	12.8%
2024	11.7%	12.9%
2023	11.8%	13.3%
2022	12%	13.6%
2021	12.2%	13.9%
2020	12.2%	14.2%
2019	12.2%	14.4%
2018	12.3%	14.7%
2017	12.4%	14.8%
2016	12.5%	14.9%
2015	12.7%	15%
2014	12.9%	15.1%
2013	13.1%	15.1%
2012	13.4%	15.1%
2011	13.7%	15%
2010	14.1%	14.9%
2009	14.6%	14.8%
2008	15.1%	14.7%
2007	15.8%	14.6%
2006	16.6%	14.5%
2005	17.2%	14.5%
2004	17.8%	14.5%
2003	18.2%	14.5%
2002	18.4%	14.6%
2001	18.6%	14.7%
2000	18.8%	14.8%
1999	19%	15%
1998	19.2%	15.3%
1997	19.5%	15.7%
1996	20%	16.1%
1995	20.4%	16.6%
1994	20.7%	17.2%
1993	21%	17.8%
1992	21.1%	18.4%
1991	21.2%	19.1%
1990	21.4%	19.8%
1989	21.7%	20.5%
1988	22%	21.2%
1987	22.4%	21.9%
1986	22.9%	22.5%
1985	23.1%	23.2%
1984	23.3%	23.8%
1983	23.7%	24.4%
1982	24.2%	24.9%
1981	25.2%	25.5%
1980	26.4%	26%
1979	27.6%	26.4%
1978	28.8%	26.8%
1977	30%	27%
1976	31.2%	27.2%
1975	32.5%	27.3%
1974	33.7%	27.5%
1973	35%	27.7%
1972	36.2%	27.8%
1971	37.5%	27.8%
1970	38.7%	27.9%
1969	39.8%	27.8%
1968	40.8%	27.8%
1967	41.7%	27.7%
1966	42.5%	27.6%
1965	43.2%	27.5%
1964	43.8%	27.4%
1963	44.4%	27.4%
1962	44.7%	27.4%
1961	44.8%	27.4%
1960	44.7%	27.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 11.7% of the population in Singapore and 12.9% in Spain in 2024, compared to 21.4% and 19.8% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Singapore and Spain compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Singapore vs Spain

Chart Table

Singapore

Spain

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Singapore	Spain
2023	6	3
2022	34	4
2021	20	4
2020	13	4
2019	7	3
2018	8	3
2017	8	3
2016	8	3
2015	8	4
2014	9	4
2013	9	4
2012	10	4
2011	10	4
2010	10	4
2009	10	4
2008	11	4
2007	12	4
2006	13	4
2005	14	5
2004	14	5
2003	15	4
2002	16	5
2001	16	5
2000	17	5
1999	17	5
1998	17	5
1997	17	5
1996	17	6
1995	17	6
1994	16	6
1993	16	6
1992	16	6
1991	16	6
1990	17	6
1989	18	7
1988	18	7
1987	18	7
1986	18	7
1985	18	6

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 6 deaths per 100,000 live births in Singapore, compared to 3 deaths in Spain.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Singapore

Spain

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Singapore	Spain
2023	0.21%	0.31%
2022	0.22%	0.31%
2021	0.22%	0.31%
2020	0.23%	0.32%
2019	0.24%	0.32%
2018	0.25%	0.32%
2017	0.26%	0.32%
2016	0.27%	0.33%
2015	0.27%	0.33%
2014	0.27%	0.34%
2013	0.28%	0.35%
2012	0.28%	0.36%
2011	0.28%	0.37%
2010	0.28%	0.38%
2009	0.28%	0.4%
2008	0.28%	0.42%
2007	0.29%	0.44%
2006	0.29%	0.45%
2005	0.3%	0.47%
2004	0.31%	0.49%
2003	0.32%	0.5%
2002	0.34%	0.51%
2001	0.36%	0.53%
2000	0.38%	0.54%
1999	0.41%	0.56%
1998	0.44%	0.58%
1997	0.46%	0.61%
1996	0.48%	0.65%
1995	0.51%	0.69%
1994	0.54%	0.74%
1993	0.58%	0.79%
1992	0.63%	0.83%
1991	0.7%	0.88%
1990	0.77%	0.92%
1989	0.84%	0.95%
1988	0.91%	0.99%
1987	0.97%	1.03%
1986	1.03%	1.07%
1985	1.09%	1.11%
1984	1.16%	1.17%
1983	1.23%	1.23%
1982	1.32%	1.3%
1981	1.4%	1.38%
1980	1.46%	1.49%
1979	1.49%	1.61%
1978	1.51%	1.74%
1977	1.54%	1.87%
1976	1.62%	2.02%
1975	1.75%	2.17%
1974	1.95%	2.33%
1973	2.18%	2.52%
1972	2.39%	2.72%
1971	2.56%	2.94%
1970	2.71%	3.16%
1969	2.86%	3.39%
1968	3.01%	3.61%
1967	3.18%	3.83%
1966	3.34%	4.03%
1965	3.5%	4.23%
1964	3.64%	4.45%
1963	3.81%	4.68%
1962	4.05%	4.94%
1961	4.37%	5.2%
1960	4.76%	5.47%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.21% in Singapore and 0.31% in Spain. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.