United States birth & fertility rate charts by year

Fertility rate in the United States by year

According to the latest birth rate data available, the fertility rate in the United States was 1.62 in 2023 and has been below the replacement level of 2.1 children per woman since 2008. In 1993, the fertility rate was 2.02 — a 20% decline in 30 years.

Check population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart above shows the historical changes in fertility rate and ranking compared to other countries, where a lower rank number indicates a higher relative fertility rate.

Births, deaths, and natural population change by year

Over the past 10 years, the natural population change in the United States (from births and deaths only, excluding migration) has been +0.25% annually. On average, 800,586 more people were born each year than died.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was 0.15% — 502,372 more people were born than died.

In 2023, the United States ranks 37/196 for absolute natural population change and 143/196 for natural change rate, where a lower rank number indicates faster natural growth and a higher number indicates greater decline.

Birth rates by women's age

Above is a chart displaying birth rates in the United States by maternal age. In 2026, of all live births, 3.4% will be to women under age 20, 43.9% to women ages 20-29, and 52.7% to women ages 30 and above. The respective shares in 1990 were 12.4%, 57%, and 30.6%.

Children 0-14 years as share of population by year

Chart Table

United States

Factual

UN forecast

World

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Children 0-14 as share of population
	United States	World
2100	14.4%	16.5%
2099	14.4%	16.6%
2098	14.4%	16.6%
2097	14.4%	16.7%
2096	14.4%	16.8%
2095	14.5%	16.8%
2094	14.5%	16.9%
2093	14.5%	17%
2092	14.5%	17%
2091	14.6%	17.1%
2090	14.6%	17.2%
2089	14.7%	17.2%
2088	14.7%	17.3%
2087	14.7%	17.4%
2086	14.8%	17.4%
2085	14.8%	17.5%
2084	14.8%	17.5%
2083	14.9%	17.6%
2082	14.9%	17.7%
2081	14.9%	17.7%
2080	14.9%	17.8%
2079	14.9%	17.8%
2078	14.9%	17.9%
2077	14.9%	17.9%
2076	14.9%	18%
2075	14.9%	18%
2074	14.9%	18.1%
2073	14.9%	18.2%
2072	14.9%	18.2%
2071	14.9%	18.3%
2070	14.9%	18.3%
2069	14.9%	18.4%
2068	14.9%	18.5%
2067	14.9%	18.6%
2066	14.9%	18.6%
2065	15%	18.7%
2064	15%	18.8%
2063	15%	18.9%
2062	15.1%	19.1%
2061	15.1%	19.2%
2060	15.2%	19.3%
2059	15.3%	19.4%
2058	15.4%	19.5%
2057	15.5%	19.6%
2056	15.5%	19.8%
2055	15.6%	19.9%
2054	15.7%	20%
2053	15.8%	20.1%
2052	15.8%	20.2%
2051	15.9%	20.3%
2050	15.9%	20.4%
2049	16%	20.5%
2048	16%	20.6%
2047	16%	20.7%
2046	16%	20.8%
2045	16%	20.9%
2044	16%	20.9%
2043	16%	21%
2042	16%	21.1%
2041	15.9%	21.2%
2040	15.9%	21.2%
2039	15.9%	21.3%
2038	15.9%	21.4%
2037	15.9%	21.5%
2036	15.9%	21.6%
2035	15.9%	21.8%
2034	15.9%	22%
2033	16%	22.2%
2032	16.1%	22.4%
2031	16.2%	22.7%
2030	16.3%	23%
2029	16.5%	23.3%
2028	16.6%	23.6%
2027	16.8%	23.9%
2026	17%	24.2%
2025	17.2%	24.6%
2024	17.3%	24.7%
2023	17.6%	25%
2022	17.9%	25.3%
2021	18.1%	25.6%
2020	18.4%	25.8%
2019	18.6%	26%
2018	18.8%	26.2%
2017	18.9%	26.4%
2016	19.1%	26.5%
2015	19.2%	26.6%
2014	19.3%	26.8%
2013	19.4%	26.9%
2012	19.5%	27%
2011	19.6%	27.1%
2010	19.7%	27.3%
2009	19.8%	27.5%
2008	19.9%	27.6%
2007	20%	27.9%
2006	20.2%	28.1%
2005	20.3%	28.5%
2004	20.5%	28.8%
2003	20.7%	29.2%
2002	20.9%	29.6%
2001	21%	30%
2000	21.2%	30.4%
1999	21.3%	30.8%
1998	21.4%	31.1%
1997	21.5%	31.5%
1996	21.7%	31.8%
1995	21.8%	32.1%
1994	21.9%	32.3%
1993	21.9%	32.5%
1992	21.8%	32.7%
1991	21.7%	32.9%
1990	21.6%	33%
1989	21.5%	33.2%
1988	21.3%	33.4%
1987	21.3%	33.6%
1986	21.3%	33.8%
1985	21.5%	34%
1984	21.7%	34.3%
1983	21.8%	34.6%
1982	22%	34.9%
1981	22.1%	35.2%
1980	22.4%	35.5%
1979	22.8%	35.9%
1978	23.2%	36.3%
1977	23.8%	36.7%
1976	24.4%	36.9%
1975	25.2%	37.1%
1974	25.9%	37.2%
1973	26.6%	37.3%
1972	27.4%	37.5%
1971	28%	37.6%
1970	28.6%	37.7%
1969	29%	37.8%
1968	29.5%	37.9%
1967	30%	38%
1966	30.4%	38%
1965	30.7%	38%
1964	30.9%	38%
1963	31.1%	37.8%
1962	31.3%	37.6%
1961	31.4%	37.5%
1960	31.3%	37.4%

The share of children aged 0-14 in the United States was 31.3% in 1960, 21.8% in 1992, and 17.3% as of the latest data in 2024.

More about the demographics of the United States.

Maternal mortality by year

Chart Table

United States

World's average

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	United States	World
2023	17	197
2022	20	203
2021	31	242
2020	22	211
2019	18	207
2018	18	211
2017	18	215
2016	18	220
2015	17	228
2014	17	231
2013	16	235
2012	16	239
2011	15	247
2010	15	253
2009	15	258
2008	14	264
2007	13	269
2006	13	276
2005	13	283
2004	13	291
2003	13	301
2002	13	311
2001	13	321
2000	12	328
1999	12	340
1998	11	360
1997	11	358
1996	11	366
1995	12	371
1994	11	382
1993	12	389
1992	11	395
1991	12	395
1990	12	391
1989	12	401
1988	12	414
1987	11	429
1986	11	438
1985	11	460

The maternal mortality rate in the United States was 17 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2023 — a 0.02% chance of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination. This is a 41.7% increase compared to the year 2000.

U.S. figures are not fully comparable over time, because changes in reporting from 2003 to 2018 doubled maternal deaths identified in records without an actual doubling in mortality, and coding was revised again in 2018.

Under-five mortality by year

Chart Table

United States

World's average

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	United States	World
2023	0.65%	2.49%
2022	0.65%	2.59%
2021	0.65%	2.66%
2020	0.65%	2.75%
2019	0.65%	2.86%
2018	0.65%	2.97%
2017	0.66%	3.11%
2016	0.67%	3.22%
2015	0.68%	3.35%
2014	0.68%	3.48%
2013	0.69%	3.61%
2012	0.7%	3.77%
2011	0.72%	3.97%
2010	0.73%	4.11%
2009	0.75%	4.31%
2008	0.76%	4.5%
2007	0.77%	4.7%
2006	0.79%	4.92%
2005	0.8%	5.16%
2004	0.81%	5.43%
2003	0.81%	5.65%
2002	0.82%	5.94%
2001	0.83%	6.21%
2000	0.84%	6.48%
1999	0.86%	6.75%
1998	0.87%	7.05%
1997	0.89%	7.28%
1996	0.92%	7.52%
1995	0.95%	7.76%
1994	0.98%	7.98%
1993	1.01%	8.19%
1992	1.05%	8.46%
1991	1.09%	8.66%
1990	1.12%	8.81%
1989	1.16%	9.02%
1988	1.19%	9.31%
1987	1.21%	9.47%
1986	1.24%	9.81%
1985	1.27%	10.1%
1984	1.3%	10.4%
1983	1.34%	10.6%
1982	1.39%	10.8%
1981	1.44%	11%
1980	1.5%	11.4%
1979	1.56%	11.7%
1978	1.63%	12.2%
1977	1.71%	12.6%
1976	1.79%	13%
1975	1.88%	13.4%
1974	1.97%	13.8%
1973	2.06%	14.1%
1972	2.15%	14.5%
1971	2.24%	15.1%
1970	2.32%	15.2%
1969	2.41%	15.4%
1968	2.49%	15.6%
1967	2.57%	15.9%
1966	2.64%	16.1%
1965	2.71%	16.4%
1964	2.77%	16.6%
1963	2.83%	16.5%
1962	2.89%	16.7%
1961	2.95%	17%
1960	3.01%	17.2%

The under-5 mortality rate in the United States was 6.5 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2023 — a 0.65% chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five. This is down from 8.4 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000.