Fertility & birth rates in Canada and Sao Tome and Principe

Fertility rate in Canada vs Sao Tome and Principe chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Canada was 1.26 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.64 in Sao Tome and Principe in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Canada vs Sao Tome and Principe population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Canada	Sao Tome
1960	3.81	6.24
1961	3.75	6.26
1962	3.68	6.28
1963	3.61	6.31
1964	3.46	6.33
1965	3.12	6.35
1966	2.75	6.37
1967	2.53	6.39
1968	2.39	6.42
1969	2.33	6.44
1970	2.26	6.47
1971	2.14	6.49
1972	1.98	6.51
1973	1.89	6.53
1974	1.84	6.53
1975	1.82	6.53
1976	1.8	6.52
1977	1.78	6.5
1978	1.77	6.47
1979	1.75	6.43
1980	1.74	6.39
1981	1.7	6.33
1982	1.69	6.28
1983	1.68	6.22
1984	1.65	6.16
1985	1.67	6.1
1986	1.68	6.05
1987	1.68	5.99
1988	1.68	5.94
1989	1.77	5.88
1990	1.83	5.83
1991	1.72	5.77
1992	1.71	5.7
1993	1.69	5.64
1994	1.69	5.56
1995	1.67	5.55
1996	1.63	5.47
1997	1.57	5.4
1998	1.56	5.3
1999	1.55	5.23
2000	1.51	5.16
2001	1.54	5.1
2002	1.52	5.06
2003	1.55	5.01
2004	1.56	4.96
2005	1.58	4.94
2006	1.63	4.93
2007	1.67	4.96
2008	1.7	4.91
2009	1.69	4.84
2010	1.65	4.77
2011	1.63	4.72
2012	1.63	4.66
2013	1.61	4.58
2014	1.61	4.49
2015	1.6	4.35
2016	1.59	4.2
2017	1.55	4.07
2018	1.51	3.98
2019	1.47	3.9
2020	1.41	3.83
2021	1.44	3.76
2022	1.33	3.7
2023	1.26	3.64
2024	1.25	3.6
2025	1.24	3.53
2026	1.24	3.47
2027	1.23	3.42
2028	1.24	3.36
2029	1.23	3.32
2030	1.24	3.26
2031	1.24	3.21
2032	1.24	3.17
2033	1.25	3.13
2034	1.25	3.09
2035	1.25	3.04
2036	1.26	3.01
2037	1.26	2.97
2038	1.26	2.94
2039	1.27	2.9
2040	1.27	2.87
2041	1.27	2.83
2042	1.28	2.8
2043	1.28	2.78
2044	1.28	2.75
2045	1.28	2.73
2046	1.29	2.7
2047	1.29	2.67
2048	1.29	2.64
2049	1.3	2.62
2050	1.3	2.59

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Canada	Sao Tome
1960	33.8%	32.9%
1961	33.9%	34.3%
1962	33.9%	36.6%
1963	33.9%	38.5%
1964	33.7%	40.2%
1965	33.3%	41.6%
1966	32.9%	42.9%
1967	32.3%	44%
1968	31.6%	44.9%
1969	31%	45.8%
1970	30.2%	46.2%
1971	29.3%	46.1%
1972	28.6%	45.9%
1973	27.8%	45.7%
1974	27%	45.6%
1975	26.2%	45.5%
1976	25.5%	45.4%
1977	24.7%	45.3%
1978	24%	45.2%
1979	23.4%	45.1%
1980	22.8%	44.9%
1981	22.3%	44.7%
1982	22%	44.5%
1983	21.8%	44.5%
1984	21.6%	44.4%
1985	21.3%	44.5%
1986	21.1%	44.7%
1987	20.9%	44.9%
1988	20.8%	45%
1989	20.8%	45%
1990	20.7%	45.1%
1991	20.7%	45.1%
1992	20.7%	45.2%
1993	20.7%	45.2%
1994	20.6%	45.1%
1995	20.4%	44.9%
1996	20.2%	44.7%
1997	20%	44.3%
1998	19.8%	43.9%
1999	19.5%	43.4%
2000	19.2%	42.8%
2001	18.9%	42.5%
2002	18.6%	42.3%
2003	18.3%	42.2%
2004	18%	42.1%
2005	17.7%	42%
2006	17.4%	42%
2007	17.1%	42%
2008	16.9%	42.1%
2009	16.7%	42.1%
2010	16.6%	42.1%
2011	16.4%	42%
2012	16.3%	42%
2013	16.3%	42%
2014	16.2%	42%
2015	16.2%	41.9%
2016	16.2%	41.7%
2017	16.2%	41.4%
2018	16.1%	40.9%
2019	16%	40.5%
2020	15.9%	39.9%
2021	15.7%	39.4%
2022	15.5%	38.8%
2023	15.3%	38.3%
2024	15.1%	37.8%
2025	15%	37.5%
2026	14.9%	37.2%
2027	14.7%	36.8%
2028	14.6%	36.4%
2029	14.5%	36%
2030	14.4%	35.6%
2031	14.3%	35.4%
2032	14.2%	35.2%
2033	14.1%	35%
2034	14%	34.8%
2035	13.9%	34.7%
2036	13.9%	34.5%
2037	13.8%	34.2%
2038	13.8%	34%
2039	13.7%	33.8%
2040	13.7%	33.5%
2041	13.6%	33.2%
2042	13.6%	32.9%
2043	13.6%	32.6%
2044	13.5%	32.3%
2045	13.5%	32%
2046	13.5%	31.6%
2047	13.5%	31.3%
2048	13.5%	31%
2049	13.5%	30.6%
2050	13.5%	30.2%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.1% of the population in Canada and 37.8% in Sao Tome and Principe in 2024, compared to 20.7% and 45.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Canada and Sao Tome and Principe compared.

Natural population change in Canada vs Sao Tome and Principe by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.22% in Canada and +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Canada	Sao Tome
1960	338,487	1,547
1961	334,360	1,657
1962	325,745	1,625
1963	318,595	1,609
1964	307,268	1,600
1965	269,589	1,611
1966	236,566	1,642
1967	220,450	1,693
1968	211,589	1,767
1969	216,588	1,862
1970	215,372	1,980
1971	208,640	2,127
1972	188,857	2,232
1973	184,432	2,329
1974	182,464	2,422
1975	196,718	2,515
1976	196,979	2,608
1977	199,297	2,705
1978	194,102	2,800
1979	203,293	2,893
1980	203,480	2,965
1981	206,005	3,015
1982	200,935	3,047
1983	202,931	3,100
1984	204,856	3,163
1985	204,153	3,242
1986	190,532	3,180
1987	190,416	3,440
1988	192,901	3,544
1989	207,304	3,576
1990	213,222	3,719
1991	207,477	3,801
1992	204,273	3,822
1993	186,451	3,841
1994	179,804	3,860
1995	167,023	3,948
1996	153,973	3,993
1997	134,577	4,041
1998	126,651	4,120
1999	118,565	4,221
2000	110,469	4,334
2001	114,777	4,471
2002	106,621	4,591
2003	110,749	4,702
2004	111,786	4,810
2005	116,074	4,897
2006	130,285	5,057
2007	134,845	5,226
2008	142,963	5,297
2009	144,609	5,349
2010	139,425	5,391
2011	133,923	5,445
2012	135,382	5,501
2013	129,799	5,449
2014	127,563	5,381
2015	117,825	5,269
2016	115,555	5,125
2017	98,672	5,007
2018	88,974	4,957
2019	86,523	4,932
2020	53,241	4,874
2021	57,360	4,954
2022	15,574	5,102
2023	28,058	5,221

Maternal mortality chart: Canada vs Sao Tome and Principe

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 12 deaths per 100,000 live births in Canada, compared to 75 deaths in Sao Tome and Principe.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Canada	Sao Tome
1985	7	159
1986	7	175
1987	7	161
1988	7	157
1989	8	167
1990	7	164
1991	8	166
1992	8	164
1993	8	166
1994	8	168
1995	8	172
1996	9	171
1997	8	173
1998	9	175
1999	9	179
2000	9	180
2001	10	178
2002	10	179
2003	10	178
2004	10	177
2005	11	181
2006	11	177
2007	11	174
2008	12	174
2009	12	172
2010	11	170
2011	11	164
2012	11	158
2013	11	150
2014	12	138
2015	11	128
2016	12	119
2017	12	110
2018	13	100
2019	12	95
2020	17	92
2021	14	98
2022	15	82
2023	12	75

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.51% in Canada and 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Canada	Sao Tome
1960	3.26%	-
1961	3.15%	-
1962	3.05%	-
1963	2.94%	-
1964	2.82%	-
1965	2.71%	9.56%
1966	2.6%	9.29%
1967	2.5%	9.04%
1968	2.4%	8.85%
1969	2.3%	8.71%
1970	2.19%	8.64%
1971	2.09%	8.63%
1972	1.99%	8.67%
1973	1.89%	8.73%
1974	1.79%	8.79%
1975	1.7%	8.85%
1976	1.6%	8.89%
1977	1.51%	8.93%
1978	1.42%	8.96%
1979	1.33%	9.02%
1980	1.25%	9.1%
1981	1.18%	9.21%
1982	1.12%	9.37%
1983	1.06%	9.56%
1984	1.01%	9.77%
1985	0.98%	9.99%
1986	0.94%	11.4%
1987	0.91%	10.4%
1988	0.88%	10.6%
1989	0.85%	10.7%
1990	0.82%	10.8%
1991	0.8%	10.9%
1992	0.77%	10.9%
1993	0.74%	10.8%
1994	0.72%	10.7%
1995	0.69%	10.4%
1996	0.67%	10.1%
1997	0.65%	9.73%
1998	0.64%	9.26%
1999	0.63%	8.76%
2000	0.62%	8.21%
2001	0.62%	7.66%
2002	0.62%	7.1%
2003	0.62%	6.57%
2004	0.61%	6.05%
2005	0.61%	5.56%
2006	0.6%	5.11%
2007	0.6%	4.68%
2008	0.59%	4.3%
2009	0.58%	3.95%
2010	0.57%	3.63%
2011	0.56%	3.33%
2012	0.56%	3.04%
2013	0.55%	2.77%
2014	0.54%	2.54%
2015	0.54%	2.31%
2016	0.53%	2.11%
2017	0.52%	1.95%
2018	0.52%	1.81%
2019	0.51%	1.7%
2020	0.51%	1.6%
2021	0.51%	1.53%
2022	0.51%	1.46%
2023	0.51%	1.39%