Somalia birth & fertility rate charts by year

Fertility rate in Somalia by year

According to the latest birth rate data available, the fertility rate in Somalia is 6.13, which is above the replacement level of 2.1 children per woman. In 1993, the fertility rate was 7.53 — a 18.5% decline in 30 years.

Check population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart above shows the historical changes in fertility rate and ranking compared to other countries, where a lower rank number indicates a higher relative fertility rate.

Births, deaths, and natural population change by year

Over the past 10 years, the natural population change in Somalia (from births and deaths only, excluding migration) has been +3.34% annually. On average, 527,010 more people were born each year than died.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was 3.31% — 608,203 more people were born than died.

In 2023, Somalia ranks 31/196 for absolute natural population change and 2/196 for natural change rate, where a lower rank number indicates faster natural growth and a higher number indicates greater decline.

Birth rates by women's age

Above is a chart displaying birth rates in Somalia by maternal age. In 2026, of all live births, 14.1% will be to women under age 20, 53.5% to women ages 20-29, and 32.4% to women ages 30 and above. The respective shares in 1990 were 12.4%, 47.3%, and 40.2%.

Children 0-14 years as share of population by year

Chart Table

Somalia

Factual

UN forecast

World

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Children 0-14 as share of population
	Somalia	World
2100	23.1%	16.5%
2099	23.3%	16.6%
2098	23.4%	16.6%
2097	23.6%	16.7%
2096	23.8%	16.8%
2095	24%	16.8%
2094	24.2%	16.9%
2093	24.4%	17%
2092	24.6%	17%
2091	24.8%	17.1%
2090	25%	17.2%
2089	25.2%	17.2%
2088	25.5%	17.3%
2087	25.7%	17.4%
2086	25.9%	17.4%
2085	26.1%	17.5%
2084	26.4%	17.5%
2083	26.6%	17.6%
2082	26.8%	17.7%
2081	27.1%	17.7%
2080	27.3%	17.8%
2079	27.6%	17.8%
2078	27.9%	17.9%
2077	28.1%	17.9%
2076	28.4%	18%
2075	28.7%	18%
2074	29%	18.1%
2073	29.3%	18.2%
2072	29.6%	18.2%
2071	29.9%	18.3%
2070	30.2%	18.3%
2069	30.6%	18.4%
2068	30.9%	18.5%
2067	31.2%	18.6%
2066	31.5%	18.6%
2065	31.9%	18.7%
2064	32.2%	18.8%
2063	32.5%	18.9%
2062	32.9%	19.1%
2061	33.2%	19.2%
2060	33.6%	19.3%
2059	33.9%	19.4%
2058	34.2%	19.5%
2057	34.6%	19.6%
2056	34.9%	19.8%
2055	35.3%	19.9%
2054	35.7%	20%
2053	36.1%	20.1%
2052	36.4%	20.2%
2051	36.8%	20.3%
2050	37.2%	20.4%
2049	37.6%	20.5%
2048	38%	20.6%
2047	38.4%	20.7%
2046	38.8%	20.8%
2045	39.2%	20.9%
2044	39.7%	20.9%
2043	40.1%	21%
2042	40.5%	21.1%
2041	41%	21.2%
2040	41.5%	21.2%
2039	41.9%	21.3%
2038	42.4%	21.4%
2037	42.8%	21.5%
2036	43.3%	21.6%
2035	43.7%	21.8%
2034	44.1%	22%
2033	44.5%	22.2%
2032	44.9%	22.4%
2031	45.2%	22.7%
2030	45.6%	23%
2029	46%	23.3%
2028	46.2%	23.6%
2027	46.5%	23.9%
2026	46.6%	24.2%
2025	46.6%	24.6%
2024	46.6%	24.7%
2023	46.7%	25%
2022	46.8%	25.3%
2021	47%	25.6%
2020	47%	25.8%
2019	47.1%	26%
2018	47.3%	26.2%
2017	47.4%	26.4%
2016	47.5%	26.5%
2015	47.6%	26.6%
2014	47.7%	26.8%
2013	47.8%	26.9%
2012	47.9%	27%
2011	48.3%	27.1%
2010	48.7%	27.3%
2009	48.8%	27.5%
2008	48.9%	27.6%
2007	48.9%	27.9%
2006	48.6%	28.1%
2005	48.2%	28.5%
2004	47.9%	28.8%
2003	47.7%	29.2%
2002	47.6%	29.6%
2001	47.5%	30%
2000	47.4%	30.4%
1999	47.2%	30.8%
1998	47.1%	31.1%
1997	47%	31.5%
1996	46.9%	31.8%
1995	46.7%	32.1%
1994	46.5%	32.3%
1993	46.4%	32.5%
1992	46.5%	32.7%
1991	47%	32.9%
1990	47%	33%
1989	46.7%	33.2%
1988	46.3%	33.4%
1987	46%	33.6%
1986	45.8%	33.8%
1985	45.6%	34%
1984	45.4%	34.3%
1983	45.2%	34.6%
1982	45%	34.9%
1981	44.8%	35.2%
1980	44.6%	35.5%
1979	44.5%	35.9%
1978	44.4%	36.3%
1977	44.3%	36.7%
1976	44.3%	36.9%
1975	44.3%	37.1%
1974	44.4%	37.2%
1973	44.4%	37.3%
1972	44.4%	37.5%
1971	44.5%	37.6%
1970	44.5%	37.7%
1969	44.6%	37.8%
1968	44.7%	37.9%
1967	44.8%	38%
1966	44.9%	38%
1965	45.1%	38%
1964	45.1%	38%
1963	45%	37.8%
1962	44.8%	37.6%
1961	44.7%	37.5%
1960	44.4%	37.4%

The share of children aged 0-14 in Somalia was 44.4% in 1960, 46.5% in 1992, and 46.6% as of the latest data in 2024.

More about the demographics of Somalia.

Maternal mortality by year

Chart Table

Somalia

World's average

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Somalia	World
2023	563	197
2022	622	203
2021	726	242
2020	655	211
2019	656	207
2018	727	211
2017	716	215
2016	754	220
2015	784	228
2014	816	231
2013	855	235
2012	894	239
2011	972	247
2010	1,062	253
2009	995	258
2008	1,035	264
2007	1,074	269
2006	1,085	276
2005	1,086	283
2004	1,104	291
2003	1,111	301
2002	1,121	311
2001	1,129	321
2000	1,150	328
1999	1,170	340
1998	1,177	360
1997	1,206	358
1996	1,225	366
1995	1,210	371
1994	1,254	382
1993	1,195	389
1992	1,339	395
1991	1,431	395
1990	1,358	391
1989	1,395	401
1988	1,423	414
1987	1,393	429
1986	1,452	438
1985	1,465	460

The maternal mortality rate in Somalia was 563 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2023 — a 0.56% chance of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination. This is a 51% decrease compared to the year 2000.

Under-five mortality by year

Chart Table

Somalia

World's average

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Somalia	World
2023	10.4%	2.49%
2022	14.3%	2.59%
2021	11.1%	2.66%
2020	11.4%	2.75%
2019	11.8%	2.86%
2018	13.6%	2.97%
2017	15.5%	3.11%
2016	13%	3.22%
2015	13.4%	3.35%
2014	13.8%	3.48%
2013	14.3%	3.61%
2012	18.4%	3.77%
2011	35.9%	3.97%
2010	18.6%	4.11%
2009	16.2%	4.31%
2008	16.6%	4.5%
2007	17%	4.7%
2006	17.2%	4.92%
2005	17.2%	5.16%
2004	17.2%	5.43%
2003	17.2%	5.65%
2002	17.2%	5.94%
2001	17.2%	6.21%
2000	17.2%	6.48%
1999	17.2%	6.75%
1998	17.2%	7.05%
1997	17.2%	7.28%
1996	17.2%	7.52%
1995	17.2%	7.76%
1994	17.2%	7.98%
1993	17.3%	8.19%
1992	45.6%	8.46%
1991	44.3%	8.66%
1990	18%	8.81%
1989	18.3%	9.02%
1988	18.6%	9.31%
1987	18.8%	9.47%
1986	19%	9.81%
1985	19.3%	10.1%
1984	19.5%	10.4%
1983	19.8%	10.6%
1982	20.1%	10.8%
1981	-	11%
1980	-	11.4%
1979	-	11.7%
1978	-	12.2%
1977	-	12.6%
1976	-	13%
1975	-	13.4%
1974	-	13.8%
1973	-	14.1%
1972	-	14.5%
1971	-	15.1%
1970	-	15.2%
1969	-	15.4%
1968	-	15.6%
1967	-	15.9%
1966	-	16.1%
1965	-	16.4%
1964	-	16.6%
1963	-	16.5%
1962	-	16.7%
1961	-	17%
1960	-	17.2%

The under-5 mortality rate in Somalia was 104 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2023 — a 10.4% chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five. This is down from 172.3 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000.