Fertility & birth rates in Marshall Islands and Spain

Fertility rate in Marshall Islands vs Spain chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in the Marshall Islands was 2.92 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.12 in Spain in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check the Marshall Islands vs Spain population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Marshall Islands	Spain
1960	8.08	2.86
1961	8.12	2.77
1962	8.12	2.8
1963	8.12	2.88
1964	8.14	3.01
1965	8.16	2.94
1966	8.2	2.91
1967	8.17	2.94
1968	8.14	2.87
1969	8.11	2.86
1970	8.07	2.84
1971	8.04	2.9
1972	8	2.87
1973	7.95	2.84
1974	7.9	2.88
1975	7.83	2.77
1976	7.76	2.77
1977	7.67	2.65
1978	7.58	2.54
1979	7.47	2.37
1980	7.37	2.22
1981	7.27	2.04
1982	7.18	1.94
1983	7.08	1.8
1984	6.99	1.73
1985	6.87	1.64
1986	6.73	1.56
1987	6.57	1.49
1988	6.38	1.45
1989	6.18	1.4
1990	5.97	1.36
1991	5.76	1.33
1992	5.55	1.31
1993	5.38	1.26
1994	5.23	1.19
1995	5.09	1.16
1996	5.02	1.14
1997	4.96	1.15
1998	4.87	1.13
1999	4.78	1.17
2000	4.7	1.22
2001	4.58	1.23
2002	4.49	1.25
2003	4.42	1.3
2004	4.34	1.31
2005	4.28	1.33
2006	4.2	1.36
2007	4.09	1.38
2008	3.97	1.45
2009	3.83	1.38
2010	3.67	1.37
2011	3.53	1.34
2012	3.38	1.32
2013	3.25	1.27
2014	3.18	1.32
2015	3.13	1.33
2016	3.09	1.33
2017	3.06	1.31
2018	3.04	1.26
2019	3.01	1.23
2020	2.99	1.18
2021	2.96	1.18
2022	2.94	1.16
2023	2.92	1.12
2024	2.86	1.13
2025	2.82	1.14
2026	2.77	1.14
2027	2.73	1.15
2028	2.69	1.16
2029	2.65	1.16
2030	2.6	1.17
2031	2.57	1.17
2032	2.53	1.18
2033	2.5	1.18
2034	2.47	1.19
2035	2.44	1.19
2036	2.41	1.2
2037	2.38	1.2
2038	2.36	1.2
2039	2.34	1.21
2040	2.31	1.21
2041	2.29	1.22
2042	2.26	1.23
2043	2.24	1.23
2044	2.23	1.24
2045	2.21	1.24
2046	2.19	1.24
2047	2.17	1.25
2048	2.15	1.25
2049	2.13	1.25
2050	2.11	1.26

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Marshall Islands	Spain
1960	46.1%	27.4%
1961	46.7%	27.4%
1962	47.1%	27.4%
1963	47.4%	27.4%
1964	47.5%	27.4%
1965	47.5%	27.5%
1966	47.2%	27.6%
1967	46.7%	27.7%
1968	46.1%	27.8%
1969	45.3%	27.8%
1970	45%	27.9%
1971	45.6%	27.8%
1972	46.6%	27.8%
1973	47.3%	27.7%
1974	47.8%	27.5%
1975	48.2%	27.3%
1976	48.5%	27.2%
1977	49%	27%
1978	49.4%	26.8%
1979	49.8%	26.4%
1980	50.1%	26%
1981	50.3%	25.5%
1982	50.3%	24.9%
1983	50.4%	24.4%
1984	50.4%	23.8%
1985	50.6%	23.2%
1986	50.7%	22.5%
1987	50.8%	21.9%
1988	50.8%	21.2%
1989	50.6%	20.5%
1990	50.2%	19.8%
1991	49.7%	19.1%
1992	49.1%	18.4%
1993	48.4%	17.8%
1994	47.5%	17.2%
1995	46.6%	16.6%
1996	45.6%	16.1%
1997	44.7%	15.7%
1998	43.7%	15.3%
1999	42.8%	15%
2000	42%	14.8%
2001	41.3%	14.7%
2002	40.6%	14.6%
2003	39.9%	14.5%
2004	39.4%	14.5%
2005	39.1%	14.5%
2006	38.9%	14.5%
2007	39%	14.6%
2008	39.2%	14.7%
2009	39.4%	14.8%
2010	39.7%	14.9%
2011	39.7%	15%
2012	39.4%	15.1%
2013	38.8%	15.1%
2014	38.2%	15.1%
2015	37.5%	15%
2016	36.8%	14.9%
2017	36.2%	14.8%
2018	35.7%	14.7%
2019	35.1%	14.4%
2020	34.5%	14.2%
2021	34.4%	13.9%
2022	34.6%	13.6%
2023	34.7%	13.3%
2024	34.5%	12.9%
2025	33.9%	12.6%
2026	33.2%	12.3%
2027	32.6%	12.1%
2028	32%	11.8%
2029	31.4%	11.6%
2030	30.9%	11.4%
2031	30.3%	11.2%
2032	29.7%	11%
2033	29.2%	10.9%
2034	28.6%	10.8%
2035	28.1%	10.7%
2036	27.6%	10.7%
2037	27.3%	10.7%
2038	27.3%	10.8%
2039	27.4%	10.8%
2040	27.7%	10.8%
2041	28%	10.9%
2042	28.3%	11%
2043	28.6%	11%
2044	28.8%	11.1%
2045	29%	11.2%
2046	29.1%	11.3%
2047	29.1%	11.3%
2048	29%	11.4%
2049	28.8%	11.5%
2050	28.5%	11.5%

Children aged 0-14 make up 34.5% of the population in the Marshall Islands and 12.9% in Spain in 2024, compared to 50.2% and 19.8% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of the Marshall Islands and Spain compared.

Natural population change in Marshall Islands vs Spain by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.69% in the Marshall Islands and -0.13% in Spain. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Marshall Islands	Spain
1960	452	398,960
1961	469	396,537
1962	488	384,690
1963	509	394,338
1964	536	429,885
1965	566	405,819
1966	603	397,084
1967	636	402,001
1968	685	387,423
1969	747	367,851
1970	819	378,723
1971	877	369,625
1972	913	391,030
1973	954	374,381
1974	1,000	396,182
1975	1,055	371,882
1976	1,109	375,834
1977	1,160	361,465
1978	1,207	339,157
1979	1,250	312,407
1980	1,287	281,184
1981	1,328	237,879
1982	1,375	231,714
1983	1,422	183,223
1984	1,470	172,487
1985	1,511	146,184
1986	1,544	131,188
1987	1,566	116,054
1988	1,575	100,794
1989	1,574	81,538
1990	1,556	66,075
1991	1,540	58,450
1992	1,525	62,652
1993	1,524	47,234
1994	1,524	31,639
1995	1,522	15,889
1996	1,542	11,967
1997	1,564	20,028
1998	1,576	4,022
1999	1,590	8,077
2000	1,592	36,512
2001	1,596	44,936
2002	1,594	53,861
2003	1,600	54,844
2004	1,595	85,844
2005	1,586	78,576
2006	1,556	110,994
2007	1,507	108,545
2008	1,443	133,267
2009	1,365	106,635
2010	1,273	102,469
2011	1,185	84,137
2012	1,097	51,450
2013	1,014	37,284
2014	959	32,522
2015	912	-4,642
2016	866	0
2017	826	-32,600
2018	785	-56,139
2019	746	-56,542
2020	689	-151,551
2021	653	-113,865
2022	606	-133,801
2023	550	-111,201

Maternal mortality chart: Marshall Islands vs Spain

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 155 deaths per 100,000 live births in the Marshall Islands, compared to 3 deaths in Spain.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Marshall Islands	Spain
1985	254	6
1986	274	7
1987	282	7
1988	276	7
1989	299	7
1990	311	6
1991	297	6
1992	322	6
1993	320	6
1994	303	6
1995	303	6
1996	292	6
1997	274	5
1998	259	5
1999	250	5
2000	251	5
2001	231	5
2002	223	5
2003	221	4
2004	238	5
2005	234	5
2006	233	4
2007	229	4
2008	226	4
2009	224	4
2010	212	4
2011	209	4
2012	207	4
2013	201	4
2014	199	4
2015	184	4
2016	183	3
2017	179	3
2018	167	3
2019	168	3
2020	178	4
2021	206	4
2022	174	4
2023	155	3

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 2.82% in the Marshall Islands and 0.31% in Spain. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Marshall Islands	Spain
1960	12.2%	5.47%
1961	11.6%	5.2%
1962	11%	4.94%
1963	10.5%	4.68%
1964	10.1%	4.45%
1965	9.64%	4.23%
1966	9.25%	4.03%
1967	8.88%	3.83%
1968	8.53%	3.61%
1969	8.19%	3.39%
1970	7.87%	3.16%
1971	7.58%	2.94%
1972	7.33%	2.72%
1973	7.13%	2.52%
1974	6.97%	2.33%
1975	6.86%	2.17%
1976	6.77%	2.02%
1977	6.69%	1.87%
1978	6.61%	1.74%
1979	6.52%	1.61%
1980	6.42%	1.49%
1981	6.29%	1.38%
1982	6.15%	1.3%
1983	6%	1.23%
1984	5.83%	1.17%
1985	5.66%	1.11%
1986	5.49%	1.07%
1987	5.31%	1.03%
1988	5.13%	0.99%
1989	4.95%	0.95%
1990	4.76%	0.92%
1991	4.59%	0.88%
1992	4.43%	0.83%
1993	4.29%	0.79%
1994	4.2%	0.74%
1995	4.15%	0.69%
1996	4.14%	0.65%
1997	4.15%	0.61%
1998	4.19%	0.58%
1999	4.23%	0.56%
2000	4.25%	0.54%
2001	4.25%	0.53%
2002	4.24%	0.51%
2003	4.21%	0.5%
2004	4.18%	0.49%
2005	4.14%	0.47%
2006	4.1%	0.45%
2007	4.06%	0.44%
2008	4.02%	0.42%
2009	3.97%	0.4%
2010	3.94%	0.38%
2011	3.89%	0.37%
2012	3.82%	0.36%
2013	3.75%	0.35%
2014	3.66%	0.34%
2015	3.57%	0.33%
2016	3.48%	0.33%
2017	3.38%	0.32%
2018	3.29%	0.32%
2019	3.19%	0.32%
2020	3.1%	0.32%
2021	3%	0.31%
2022	2.91%	0.31%
2023	2.82%	0.31%