Fertility & birth rates in Sao Tome and Principe and South Africa

Fertility rate in Sao Tome and Principe vs South Africa by year

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

South Africa

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Sao Tome	South Africa
2023	3.64	2.22
2022	3.7	2.23
2021	3.76	2.25
2020	3.83	2.26
2019	3.9	2.26
2018	3.98	2.27
2017	4.07	2.28
2016	4.2	2.26
2015	4.35	2.36
2014	4.49	2.42
2013	4.58	2.43
2012	4.66	2.45
2011	4.72	2.44
2010	4.77	2.44
2009	4.84	2.5
2008	4.91	2.68
2007	4.96	2.55
2006	4.93	2.55
2005	4.94	2.51
2004	4.96	2.44
2003	5.01	2.36
2002	5.06	2.32
2001	5.1	2.37
2000	5.16	2.41
1999	5.23	2.56
1998	5.3	2.63
1997	5.4	2.73
1996	5.47	2.99
1995	5.55	3.17
1994	5.56	3.26
1993	5.64	3.37
1992	5.7	3.48
1991	5.77	3.62
1990	5.83	3.72
1989	5.88	3.98
1988	5.94	4.18
1987	5.99	4.35
1986	6.05	4.41
1985	6.1	4.5
1984	6.16	4.57
1983	6.22	4.63
1982	6.28	4.7
1981	6.33	4.71
1980	6.39	4.78
1979	6.43	4.82
1978	6.47	4.85
1977	6.5	4.94
1976	6.52	5.07
1975	6.53	5.19
1974	6.53	5.3
1973	6.53	5.41
1972	6.51	5.49
1971	6.49	5.57
1970	6.47	5.63
1969	6.44	5.72
1968	6.42	5.78
1967	6.39	5.85
1966	6.37	5.91
1965	6.35	5.89
1964	6.33	5.96
1963	6.31	6.01
1962	6.28	6.05
1961	6.26	6.08
1960	6.24	6.11

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Sao Tome and Principe was 3.64 children per woman in 2023, compared to 2.22 in South Africa in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Sao Tome and Principe vs South Africa population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

South Africa

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Sao Tome	South Africa
2023	5,221	602,793
2022	5,102	603,636
2021	4,954	456,411
2020	4,874	595,873
2019	4,932	652,130
2018	4,957	648,319
2017	5,007	645,975
2016	5,125	641,365
2015	5,269	668,771
2014	5,381	674,754
2013	5,449	652,427
2012	5,501	643,723
2011	5,445	601,708
2010	5,391	566,834
2009	5,349	554,115
2008	5,297	595,332
2007	5,226	503,567
2006	5,057	487,584
2005	4,897	464,464
2004	4,810	442,540
2003	4,702	415,018
2002	4,591	430,926
2001	4,471	484,801
2000	4,334	526,963
1999	4,221	594,643
1998	4,120	627,027
1997	4,041	667,969
1996	3,993	710,868
1995	3,948	743,488
1994	3,860	698,609
1993	3,841	789,220
1992	3,822	794,415
1991	3,801	827,296
1990	3,719	835,421
1989	3,576	884,629
1988	3,544	909,221
1987	3,440	922,330
1986	3,180	903,644
1985	3,242	893,889
1984	3,163	869,011
1983	3,100	837,013
1982	3,047	807,550
1981	3,015	767,833
1980	2,965	738,415
1979	2,893	716,541
1978	2,800	694,341
1977	2,705	680,929
1976	2,608	675,011
1975	2,515	667,862
1974	2,422	658,438
1973	2,329	651,596
1972	2,232	638,754
1971	2,127	624,761
1970	1,980	605,102
1969	1,862	590,794
1968	1,767	571,841
1967	1,693	553,741
1966	1,642	534,862
1965	1,611	506,632
1964	1,600	490,606
1963	1,609	473,821
1962	1,625	455,634
1961	1,657	437,851
1960	1,547	421,263

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +2.26% in Sao Tome and Principe and +0.95% in South Africa.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe and +1.05% in South Africa.

Birth rate in Sao Tome and Principe vs South Africa by year

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

South Africa

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Sao Tome	South Africa
2023	28.2	18.8
2022	28.3	19.1
2021	28.5	19.4
2020	28.6	19.5
2019	29.2	19.7
2018	29.8	19.9
2017	30.6	20
2016	31.7	20.3
2015	33	21
2014	34.3	21.8
2013	35.4	21.9
2012	36.4	22.1
2011	36.8	22.1
2010	37.3	22.2
2009	37.9	22.8
2008	38.5	24.3
2007	38.9	23.1
2006	38.9	23.1
2005	39	22.7
2004	39.2	22.1
2003	39.6	21.4
2002	39.8	20.9
2001	40	21.3
2000	39.7	21.6
1999	39.4	22.7
1998	39.2	23.2
1997	39.2	23.9
1996	39.3	24.9
1995	39.5	25.6
1994	39.4	24.6
1993	39.8	26.6
1992	40.2	27
1991	40.7	28.1
1990	40.7	28.7
1989	40.9	30.6
1988	40.9	32
1987	41	33.2
1986	41	33.6
1985	41	34.2
1984	41.1	34.5
1983	41.2	34.6
1982	41.3	34.8
1981	41.5	34.6
1980	41.6	34.7
1979	41.6	34.9
1978	41.4	35.1
1977	41.3	35.6
1976	41.1	36.3
1975	40.9	37
1974	40.6	37.7
1973	40.3	38.4
1972	39.9	38.9
1971	39.5	39.3
1970	38.8	39.4
1969	38.2	39.7
1968	37.8	39.8
1967	37.7	39.9
1966	38	40
1965	38.6	39.5
1964	39.7	39.6
1963	41.1	39.7
1962	42.7	39.7
1961	44.6	39.7
1960	44.6	39.8

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 28.2 in Sao Tome and Principe and 18.8 in South Africa, compared with 44.6 and 39.8, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

Factual

UN forecast

South Africa

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Sao Tome	South Africa
2100	19.5%	17.9%
2099	19.6%	18%
2098	19.8%	18%
2097	19.9%	18.1%
2096	20%	18.1%
2095	20.2%	18.2%
2094	20.3%	18.2%
2093	20.4%	18.3%
2092	20.6%	18.3%
2091	20.7%	18.4%
2090	20.9%	18.4%
2089	21.1%	18.5%
2088	21.2%	18.5%
2087	21.4%	18.6%
2086	21.6%	18.6%
2085	21.8%	18.7%
2084	22%	18.7%
2083	22.2%	18.8%
2082	22.4%	18.9%
2081	22.6%	18.9%
2080	22.9%	19%
2079	23.1%	19%
2078	23.3%	19.1%
2077	23.5%	19.2%
2076	23.7%	19.3%
2075	24%	19.3%
2074	24.2%	19.4%
2073	24.4%	19.5%
2072	24.6%	19.6%
2071	24.8%	19.6%
2070	25%	19.7%
2069	25.2%	19.8%
2068	25.4%	19.9%
2067	25.6%	20%
2066	25.9%	20.1%
2065	26.1%	20.2%
2064	26.3%	20.3%
2063	26.5%	20.4%
2062	26.8%	20.5%
2061	27%	20.6%
2060	27.3%	20.7%
2059	27.5%	20.8%
2058	27.8%	20.9%
2057	28.1%	21%
2056	28.4%	21.1%
2055	28.7%	21.1%
2054	29%	21.2%
2053	29.4%	21.3%
2052	29.7%	21.4%
2051	30.1%	21.5%
2050	30.4%	21.6%
2049	30.8%	21.7%
2048	31.1%	21.8%
2047	31.5%	21.9%
2046	31.8%	22%
2045	32.1%	22.1%
2044	32.5%	22.3%
2043	32.8%	22.4%
2042	33.1%	22.6%
2041	33.4%	22.8%
2040	33.6%	23%
2039	33.9%	23.3%
2038	34.1%	23.5%
2037	34.4%	23.7%
2036	34.6%	24.1%
2035	34.7%	24.4%
2034	34.9%	24.7%
2033	35.1%	24.9%
2032	35.3%	25%
2031	35.5%	25.1%
2030	35.8%	25.2%
2029	36.1%	25.3%
2028	36.6%	25.4%
2027	37%	25.5%
2026	37.3%	25.6%
2025	37.6%	25.8%
2024	37.8%	25.9%
2023	38.3%	26.1%
2022	38.8%	26.3%
2021	39.4%	26.6%
2020	39.9%	27%
2019	40.5%	27.4%
2018	40.9%	27.9%
2017	41.4%	28.3%
2016	41.7%	28.3%
2015	41.9%	28.3%
2014	42%	28.5%
2013	42%	28.7%
2012	42%	28.9%
2011	42%	29.1%
2010	42.1%	29.4%
2009	42.1%	29.7%
2008	42.1%	29.9%
2007	42%	30.2%
2006	42%	30.6%
2005	42%	31.1%
2004	42.1%	31.6%
2003	42.2%	32.3%
2002	42.3%	33.2%
2001	42.5%	34%
2000	42.8%	34.9%
1999	43.4%	35.7%
1998	43.9%	36.5%
1997	44.3%	37.2%
1996	44.7%	37.5%
1995	44.9%	37.5%
1994	45.1%	37.2%
1993	45.2%	37.3%
1992	45.2%	37.6%
1991	45.1%	37.5%
1990	45.1%	37.7%
1989	45%	38.1%
1988	45%	38.4%
1987	44.9%	38.7%
1986	44.7%	38.9%
1985	44.5%	39.2%
1984	44.4%	39.5%
1983	44.5%	39.8%
1982	44.5%	40.1%
1981	44.7%	40.5%
1980	44.9%	40.9%
1979	45.1%	41.3%
1978	45.2%	41.5%
1977	45.3%	41.7%
1976	45.4%	41.8%
1975	45.5%	41.9%
1974	45.6%	42%
1973	45.7%	42.1%
1972	45.9%	42.2%
1971	46.1%	42.2%
1970	46.2%	42.3%
1969	45.8%	42.2%
1968	44.9%	42.2%
1967	44%	42.2%
1966	42.9%	42.1%
1965	41.6%	42.1%
1964	40.2%	42.1%
1963	38.5%	42.1%
1962	36.6%	42.1%
1961	34.3%	42.1%
1960	32.9%	42.1%

Children aged 0-14 make up 37.8% of the population in Sao Tome and Principe and 25.9% in South Africa in 2024, compared to 45.1% and 37.7% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Sao Tome and Principe and South Africa compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Sao Tome and Principe vs South Africa

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

South Africa

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Sao Tome	South Africa
2023	75	118
2022	82	129
2021	98	191
2020	92	118
2019	95	119
2018	100	128
2017	110	134
2016	119	141
2015	128	150
2014	138	162
2013	150	180
2012	158	194
2011	164	202
2010	170	226
2009	172	241
2008	174	272
2007	174	272
2006	177	283
2005	181	279
2004	177	259
2003	178	245
2002	179	225
2001	178	192
2000	180	175
1999	179	151
1998	175	152
1997	173	152
1996	171	150
1995	172	125
1994	168	133
1993	166	145
1992	164	152
1991	166	162
1990	164	170
1989	167	177
1988	157	184
1987	161	192
1986	175	200
1985	159	208

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 75 deaths per 100,000 live births in Sao Tome and Principe, compared to 118 deaths in South Africa.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

South Africa

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Sao Tome	South Africa
2023	1.39%	3.47%
2022	1.46%	3.44%
2021	1.53%	3.41%
2020	1.6%	3.41%
2019	1.7%	3.45%
2018	1.81%	3.49%
2017	1.95%	3.58%
2016	2.11%	3.68%
2015	2.31%	3.82%
2014	2.54%	3.96%
2013	2.77%	4.1%
2012	3.04%	4.25%
2011	3.33%	4.5%
2010	3.63%	5%
2009	3.95%	5.7%
2008	4.3%	6.42%
2007	4.68%	7.19%
2006	5.11%	7.75%
2005	5.56%	8.03%
2004	6.05%	8.1%
2003	6.57%	7.93%
2002	7.1%	7.69%
2001	7.66%	7.43%
2000	8.21%	7.11%
1999	8.76%	6.85%
1998	9.26%	6.56%
1997	9.73%	6.29%
1996	10.1%	6.11%
1995	10.4%	5.95%
1994	10.7%	5.82%
1993	10.8%	5.7%
1992	10.9%	5.66%
1991	10.9%	5.7%
1990	10.8%	5.82%
1989	10.7%	6.01%
1988	10.6%	6.26%
1987	10.4%	6.56%
1986	11.4%	6.89%
1985	9.99%	7.24%
1984	9.77%	7.6%
1983	9.56%	7.98%
1982	9.37%	8.39%
1981	9.21%	8.84%
1980	9.1%	9.35%
1979	9.02%	9.88%
1978	8.96%	10.5%
1977	8.93%	11.1%
1976	8.89%	11.8%
1975	8.85%	12.5%
1974	8.79%	13.2%
1973	8.73%	-
1972	8.67%	-
1971	8.63%	-
1970	8.64%	-
1969	8.71%	-
1968	8.85%	-
1967	9.04%	-
1966	9.29%	-
1965	9.56%	-

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe and 3.47% in South Africa. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.