Fertility & birth rates in Sao Tome and Principe and Tanzania

Fertility rate in Sao Tome and Principe vs Tanzania chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Sao Tome and Principe was 3.64 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.61 in Tanzania in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Sao Tome and Principe vs Tanzania population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Sao Tome	Tanzania
1960	6.24	6.54
1961	6.26	6.56
1962	6.28	6.61
1963	6.31	6.65
1964	6.33	6.68
1965	6.35	6.73
1966	6.37	6.8
1967	6.39	6.86
1968	6.42	6.9
1969	6.44	6.95
1970	6.47	7
1971	6.49	7.04
1972	6.51	7.05
1973	6.53	7.06
1974	6.53	7.12
1975	6.53	7.1
1976	6.52	7.09
1977	6.5	7.07
1978	6.47	7.06
1979	6.43	7.04
1980	6.39	6.99
1981	6.33	6.93
1982	6.28	6.87
1983	6.22	6.81
1984	6.16	6.72
1985	6.1	6.6
1986	6.05	6.49
1987	5.99	6.41
1988	5.94	6.38
1989	5.88	6.3
1990	5.83	6.2
1991	5.77	6.14
1992	5.7	6.08
1993	5.64	6
1994	5.56	5.89
1995	5.55	5.82
1996	5.47	5.83
1997	5.4	5.84
1998	5.3	5.81
1999	5.23	5.75
2000	5.16	5.67
2001	5.1	5.62
2002	5.06	5.57
2003	5.01	5.58
2004	4.96	5.6
2005	4.94	5.58
2006	4.93	5.51
2007	4.96	5.4
2008	4.91	5.32
2009	4.84	5.26
2010	4.77	5.23
2011	4.72	5.14
2012	4.66	5.14
2013	4.58	5.16
2014	4.49	5.12
2015	4.35	5.03
2016	4.2	5.01
2017	4.07	4.99
2018	3.98	4.93
2019	3.9	4.87
2020	3.83	4.8
2021	3.76	4.73
2022	3.7	4.67
2023	3.64	4.61
2024	3.6	4.54
2025	3.53	4.47
2026	3.47	4.41
2027	3.42	4.34
2028	3.36	4.28
2029	3.32	4.22
2030	3.26	4.16
2031	3.21	4.11
2032	3.17	4.04
2033	3.13	3.98
2034	3.09	3.94
2035	3.04	3.88
2036	3.01	3.83
2037	2.97	3.76
2038	2.94	3.72
2039	2.9	3.67
2040	2.87	3.63
2041	2.83	3.57
2042	2.8	3.54
2043	2.78	3.49
2044	2.75	3.46
2045	2.73	3.4
2046	2.7	3.39
2047	2.67	3.35
2048	2.64	3.31
2049	2.62	3.25
2050	2.59	3.23

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Sao Tome	Tanzania
1960	32.9%	44.9%
1961	34.3%	44.8%
1962	36.6%	44.8%
1963	38.5%	44.8%
1964	40.2%	45%
1965	41.6%	45.2%
1966	42.9%	45.4%
1967	44%	45.6%
1968	44.9%	45.8%
1969	45.8%	45.9%
1970	46.2%	46%
1971	46.1%	46.1%
1972	45.9%	46.1%
1973	45.7%	46.2%
1974	45.6%	46.3%
1975	45.5%	46.4%
1976	45.4%	46.5%
1977	45.3%	46.6%
1978	45.2%	46.7%
1979	45.1%	46.9%
1980	44.9%	47.2%
1981	44.7%	47.4%
1982	44.5%	47.5%
1983	44.5%	47.6%
1984	44.4%	47.5%
1985	44.5%	47.4%
1986	44.7%	47.2%
1987	44.9%	46.9%
1988	45%	46.7%
1989	45%	46.5%
1990	45.1%	46.3%
1991	45.1%	46.2%
1992	45.2%	46%
1993	45.2%	45.5%
1994	45.1%	44.9%
1995	44.9%	44.5%
1996	44.7%	44.7%
1997	44.3%	44.8%
1998	43.9%	44.7%
1999	43.4%	44.7%
2000	42.8%	44.6%
2001	42.5%	44.5%
2002	42.3%	44.6%
2003	42.2%	44.6%
2004	42.1%	44.7%
2005	42%	44.8%
2006	42%	44.9%
2007	42%	45%
2008	42.1%	45.1%
2009	42.1%	45.3%
2010	42.1%	45.3%
2011	42%	45.2%
2012	42%	45.1%
2013	42%	44.9%
2014	42%	44.8%
2015	41.9%	44.5%
2016	41.7%	44.2%
2017	41.4%	44%
2018	40.9%	43.8%
2019	40.5%	43.6%
2020	39.9%	43.4%
2021	39.4%	43.1%
2022	38.8%	42.9%
2023	38.3%	42.7%
2024	37.8%	42.5%
2025	37.5%	42.3%
2026	37.2%	42.1%
2027	36.8%	41.9%
2028	36.4%	41.7%
2029	36%	41.4%
2030	35.6%	41.1%
2031	35.4%	40.9%
2032	35.2%	40.5%
2033	35%	40.2%
2034	34.8%	39.8%
2035	34.7%	39.5%
2036	34.5%	39.1%
2037	34.2%	38.8%
2038	34%	38.4%
2039	33.8%	38.1%
2040	33.5%	37.8%
2041	33.2%	37.5%
2042	32.9%	37.1%
2043	32.6%	36.8%
2044	32.3%	36.5%
2045	32%	36.2%
2046	31.6%	35.9%
2047	31.3%	35.6%
2048	31%	35.4%
2049	30.6%	35.1%
2050	30.2%	34.8%

Children aged 0-14 make up 37.8% of the population in Sao Tome and Principe and 42.5% in Tanzania in 2024, compared to 45.1% and 46.3% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Sao Tome and Principe and Tanzania compared.

Natural population change in Sao Tome and Principe vs Tanzania by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe and +3.05% in Tanzania. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Sao Tome	Tanzania
1960	1,547	275,814
1961	1,657	286,839
1962	1,625	300,663
1963	1,609	314,644
1964	1,600	328,527
1965	1,611	343,456
1966	1,642	360,229
1967	1,693	374,763
1968	1,767	389,467
1969	1,862	408,322
1970	1,980	427,988
1971	2,127	449,014
1972	2,232	467,305
1973	2,329	488,429
1974	2,422	515,152
1975	2,515	533,906
1976	2,608	553,617
1977	2,705	574,938
1978	2,800	595,024
1979	2,893	613,388
1980	2,965	629,444
1981	3,015	645,496
1982	3,047	662,627
1983	3,100	679,720
1984	3,163	687,435
1985	3,242	697,867
1986	3,180	705,677
1987	3,440	718,580
1988	3,544	736,551
1989	3,576	743,854
1990	3,719	750,825
1991	3,801	762,011
1992	3,822	767,961
1993	3,841	778,044
1994	3,860	803,953
1995	3,948	838,980
1996	3,993	868,524
1997	4,041	882,544
1998	4,120	920,806
1999	4,221	948,659
2000	4,334	985,185
2001	4,471	1,026,242
2002	4,591	1,063,195
2003	4,702	1,118,435
2004	4,810	1,175,379
2005	4,897	1,224,165
2006	5,057	1,257,927
2007	5,226	1,278,285
2008	5,297	1,303,728
2009	5,349	1,332,015
2010	5,391	1,363,477
2011	5,445	1,384,886
2012	5,501	1,439,325
2013	5,449	1,509,008
2014	5,381	1,565,630
2015	5,269	1,592,882
2016	5,125	1,659,502
2017	5,007	1,726,909
2018	4,957	1,777,852
2019	4,932	1,816,669
2020	4,874	1,861,377
2021	4,954	1,880,137
2022	5,102	1,927,960
2023	5,221	1,960,623

Maternal mortality chart: Sao Tome and Principe vs Tanzania

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 75 deaths per 100,000 live births in Sao Tome and Principe, compared to 276 deaths in Tanzania.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Sao Tome	Tanzania
1985	159	980
1986	175	971
1987	161	964
1988	157	949
1989	167	927
1990	164	900
1991	166	873
1992	164	864
1993	166	851
1994	168	816
1995	172	797
1996	171	775
1997	173	777
1998	175	739
1999	179	635
2000	180	568
2001	178	493
2002	179	454
2003	178	397
2004	177	365
2005	181	350
2006	177	366
2007	174	453
2008	174	511
2009	172	502
2010	170	486
2011	164	475
2012	158	448
2013	150	479
2014	138	454
2015	128	433
2016	119	396
2017	110	345
2018	100	319
2019	95	292
2020	92	160
2021	98	162
2022	82	152
2023	75	276

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe and 3.89% in Tanzania. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Sao Tome	Tanzania
1960	-	24.2%
1961	-	24%
1962	-	23.8%
1963	-	23.6%
1964	-	23.4%
1965	9.56%	23.1%
1966	9.29%	22.8%
1967	9.04%	22.5%
1968	8.85%	22.2%
1969	8.71%	21.9%
1970	8.64%	21.6%
1971	8.63%	21.2%
1972	8.67%	20.9%
1973	8.73%	20.5%
1974	8.79%	20.1%
1975	8.85%	19.6%
1976	8.89%	19.2%
1977	8.93%	18.8%
1978	8.96%	18.4%
1979	9.02%	18.1%
1980	9.1%	17.9%
1981	9.21%	17.8%
1982	9.37%	17.8%
1983	9.56%	17.8%
1984	9.77%	17.8%
1985	9.99%	17.7%
1986	11.4%	17.6%
1987	10.4%	17.4%
1988	10.6%	17.2%
1989	10.7%	16.9%
1990	10.8%	16.7%
1991	10.9%	16.5%
1992	10.9%	16.3%
1993	10.8%	16.1%
1994	10.7%	15.9%
1995	10.4%	15.6%
1996	10.1%	15.2%
1997	9.73%	14.8%
1998	9.26%	14.2%
1999	8.76%	13.6%
2000	8.21%	12.8%
2001	7.66%	12.1%
2002	7.1%	11.3%
2003	6.57%	10.5%
2004	6.05%	9.86%
2005	5.56%	9.24%
2006	5.11%	8.69%
2007	4.68%	8.16%
2008	4.3%	7.7%
2009	3.95%	7.24%
2010	3.63%	6.86%
2011	3.33%	6.5%
2012	3.04%	6.21%
2013	2.77%	5.95%
2014	2.54%	5.67%
2015	2.31%	5.48%
2016	2.11%	5.25%
2017	1.95%	5.02%
2018	1.81%	4.8%
2019	1.7%	4.6%
2020	1.6%	4.42%
2021	1.53%	4.22%
2022	1.46%	4.05%
2023	1.39%	3.89%