Romania birth & fertility rate decline on charts

Romania has a birth rate of 8 (annual births per 1,000 people) and a fertility rate of 1.71 (the average number of children a woman is expected to have over her lifetime based on current age-specific birth rates).

In 1960, the fertility rate in Romania was 2.34 children per woman — 1.37 times higher than in 2023.

Romania birth rate statistics:

Romania is ranked 177/196 by birth rate now and was ranked 170/194 in 1960.
The mean age at first birth in Romania is 27.1 — it was 22.3 in 1990.
The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 28.5, a change from 25.4 in 1990.
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) changed from 60.5 in 1960 to 33.8 in 2023.
21.4% of the population in 2024 is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), a change from 25.8% in 1960.

Fertility rate in Romania by year

1x

Year	Fertility rate	Rank
2023	1.71	119
2022	1.71	119
2021	1.81	113
2020	1.8	115
2019	1.77	123
2018	1.76	123
2017	1.78	128
2016	1.69	146
2015	1.62	157
2014	1.56	163
2013	1.46	175
2012	1.52	170
2011	1.47	172
2010	1.59	162
2009	1.66	160
2008	1.6	161
2007	1.45	169
2006	1.42	171
2005	1.4	173
2004	1.33	179
2003	1.3	178
2002	1.27	182
2001	1.27	184
2000	1.31	183
1999	1.3	185
1998	1.32	184
1997	1.32	185
1996	1.3	187
1995	1.33	186
1994	1.4	186
1993	1.43	188
1992	1.51	186
1991	1.59	183
1990	1.83	169
1989	2.22	145
1988	2.3	142
1987	2.38	140
1986	2.39	141
1985	2.31	144
1984	2.26	144
1983	2.06	158
1982	2.17	152
1981	2.36	144
1980	2.43	143
1979	2.49	144
1978	2.52	144
1977	2.57	145
1976	2.54	148
1975	2.59	150
1974	2.71	148
1973	2.44	160
1972	2.55	160
1971	2.67	159
1970	2.89	151
1969	3.19	147
1968	3.63	142
1967	3.66	145
1966	1.9	191
1965	1.91	192
1964	1.96	192
1963	2.01	191
1962	2.04	191
1961	2.17	188
1960	2.34	182

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/romania | CC BY

According to the latest birth rate data available, the fertility rate in Romania was 1.71 in 2023 and has been below the replacement level of 2.1 children per woman since 1990. In 1993, the fertility rate was 1.43 — a 19.6% increase in 30 years.

Check population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart above shows the historical changes in fertility rate and ranking compared to other countries, where a lower rank number indicates a higher relative fertility rate.

Births, deaths, and natural population change by year

1x

Year	People
Year	Natural change	Births	Deaths
2023	-89,587	152,488	242,075
2022	-93,338	179,055	272,393
2021	-141,504	193,132	334,636
2020	-100,179	198,432	298,611
2019	-60,053	199,527	259,580
2018	-62,316	202,529	264,845
2017	-50,930	211,558	262,488
2016	-53,196	204,903	258,099
2015	-59,447	202,119	261,566
2014	-55,745	199,089	254,834
2013	-59,951	187,846	247,797
2012	-54,157	200,580	254,737
2011	-56,413	195,431	251,844
2010	-46,567	212,592	259,159
2009	-34,625	222,005	256,630
2008	-30,806	221,809	252,615
2007	-37,590	215,094	252,684
2006	-38,148	220,415	258,563
2005	-40,508	221,724	262,232
2004	-42,904	216,662	259,566
2003	-56,093	211,428	267,521
2002	-58,673	210,785	269,458
2001	-37,625	221,319	258,944
2000	-22,443	233,406	255,849
1999	-31,461	233,709	265,170
1998	-33,761	236,327	270,088
1997	-42,853	236,816	279,669
1996	-56,548	230,713	287,261
1995	-36,295	235,916	272,211
1994	-18,184	247,759	265,943
1993	-13,658	250,396	264,054
1992	-4,559	259,854	264,413
1991	25,301	276,013	250,712
1990	69,605	315,544	245,939
1989	122,756	370,583	247,827
1988	126,817	380,451	253,634
1987	128,517	383,255	254,738
1986	134,737	376,807	242,070
1985	111,392	359,181	247,789
1984	117,731	350,928	233,197
1983	87,986	322,614	234,628
1982	119,121	343,878	224,757
1981	156,472	380,002	223,530
1980	168,776	399,731	230,955
1979	194,397	410,883	216,486
1978	204,148	417,077	212,929
1977	215,385	424,243	208,858
1976	213,361	418,101	204,740
1975	219,324	417,354	198,030
1974	235,530	426,897	191,367
1973	175,020	379,209	204,189
1972	198,316	388,369	190,053
1971	206,662	401,046	194,384
1970	234,905	427,283	192,378
1969	264,120	466,212	202,092
1968	338,577	526,675	188,098
1967	347,709	527,424	179,715
1966	115,293	272,859	157,566
1965	114,190	277,861	163,671
1964	134,326	287,570	153,244
1963	139,104	295,126	156,022
1962	130,736	302,560	171,824
1961	163,286	324,716	161,430
1960	191,431	351,571	160,140

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/romania | CC BY

Over the past 10 years, the natural population change in Romania (from births and deaths only, excluding migration) has been -0.4% annually. On average, 76,629 more people died each year than were born.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.47% — 89,587 more people died than were born.

In 2023, Romania ranks 188/196 for absolute natural population change and 184/196 for natural change rate, where a lower rank number indicates faster natural growth and a higher number indicates greater decline.

Birth rates in Romania compared to other countries

	Romania	Rank
Fertility rate	1.71	119/196
Birth rate	8	177/196
Population change due to births and deaths	-89,587	188/196
Natural population change rate	-0.47%	184/196
Population growth	-0.05%	169/197
Age at first childbirth	27.1 years	46/137
Average age at childbearing	28.5 years	137/197
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19	30.4	98/197
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29	85.8	114/197
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+	11	184/197
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population	21.4%	173/196
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49	50.5%	75/179
Share of births attended by skilled health staff	93%	129/191
Maternal mortality per live birth	0.01%	144/193
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age)	0.33%	146/193
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age)	0.54%	142/196
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age	0.66%	139/192
Life expectancy	76.4 years	81/197

Birth rates by women's age

Annual births per 1,000 women

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 women
Year	Total	15-19	20-29	30+
2026	18.1	30.4	85.8	11
2025	18.2	31.6	86.8	11.1
2024	18.3	32.9	87.5	11.2
2023	18.6	34	88.3	11.3
2022	18.6	33.9	88.1	11.6
2021	18.9	33.6	88.2	11.8
2020	19.4	34.4	88.1	12.2
2019	19.6	35.3	87.7	12.1
2018	20.5	36.9	90.9	12.3
2017	21.1	38	92.4	12.2
2016	20.4	37.5	89.6	11.5
2015	19.9	36.5	86.6	10.9
2014	19.5	36.1	84.2	10.4
2013	18.6	34.9	80.2	9.96
2012	19.5	37	82.4	10.5
2011	19.5	37	80.2	10.4
2010	21.4	40.4	86.7	11.1
2009	22.9	46	90.8	11.5
2008	22.7	45.2	89.3	11.1
2007	21	40.2	83.1	10.2
2006	20.8	38.7	82.5	9.87
2005	20.7	37.3	82.7	9.35
2004	20	35.9	81	8.47
2003	19.6	35.2	80.5	7.69
2002	19.2	33.5	80.3	7.23
2001	19.1	35.5	81.2	6.96
2000	19.5	38.8	83.7	6.84
1999	19.8	40.3	84.4	6.39
1998	20.1	40.1	85.3	5.86
1997	20.2	40.6	85.8	5
1996	20	40.4	88.3	4.56
1995	20.5	42.3	92.9	4.65
1994	21.5	45	99.8	4.8
1993	22	47.1	103.4	4.95
1992	22.9	47.6	109.1	5.65
1991	23.7	49.3	115.4	6.48
1990	26.3	51.7	129.1	8.77
1989	30.6	55.4	150.6	12
1988	31.6	62	156.8	12.6
1987	31.8	66.7	157.3	13.1
1986	31.2	65.8	153.1	12.4
1985	29.7	56.7	150.9	10.7
1984	28.8	54.5	147.8	9.78
1983	26.7	58	135.7	8.47
1982	28.4	68.9	140.9	9.22
1981	31.5	70.7	152	10.7
1980	33.3	69.6	158.4	11.1
1979	34.8	64.3	162.1	12
1978	35.9	70.6	164.5	12.1
1977	37.2	72.3	169	12.9
1976	37.5	71.4	168.2	13.5
1975	38.5	71.2	172.2	14.7
1974	39.5	71.7	173.9	16.1
1973	35.4	63.2	155.7	15.4
1972	36.2	61.8	159.2	17.2
1971	37.6	61.8	164.2	19.1
1970	40.2	64.8	173.6	22
1969	44.3	71.3	188	25.4
1968	50.1	78.8	209.6	30
1967	50.9	76.5	215.6	29.8
1966	26.8	48.8	115.1	13.1
1965	27.7	47.3	118	13.4
1964	28.7	44.2	123.5	13.7
1963	29.9	56.6	121.2	14.2
1962	31	57.7	123.2	14.8
1961	33.6	61.2	130.9	16.2
1960	36.8	59.8	141	18.5

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/romania | CC BY

Above is a chart displaying birth rates in Romania by maternal age. In 2026, of all live births, 9.23% will be to women under age 20, 48.1% to women ages 20-29, and 42.7% to women ages 30 and above. The respective shares in 1990 were 15.5%, 66.2%, and 18.3%.

Children 0-14 years as share of population by year

1x

Year	Children 0-14 as share of population
Year	Romania	World
2100	12.8%	16.5%
2099	12.8%	16.6%
2098	12.8%	16.6%
2097	12.9%	16.7%
2096	12.9%	16.8%
2095	13%	16.8%
2094	13.1%	16.9%
2093	13.1%	17%
2092	13.2%	17%
2091	13.2%	17.1%
2090	13.3%	17.2%
2089	13.4%	17.2%
2088	13.4%	17.3%
2087	13.5%	17.4%
2086	13.5%	17.4%
2085	13.5%	17.5%
2084	13.6%	17.5%
2083	13.6%	17.6%
2082	13.6%	17.7%
2081	13.6%	17.7%
2080	13.6%	17.8%
2079	13.6%	17.8%
2078	13.6%	17.9%
2077	13.6%	17.9%
2076	13.6%	18%
2075	13.6%	18%
2074	13.6%	18.1%
2073	13.6%	18.2%
2072	13.6%	18.2%
2071	13.6%	18.3%
2070	13.6%	18.3%
2069	13.6%	18.4%
2068	13.6%	18.5%
2067	13.6%	18.6%
2066	13.7%	18.6%
2065	13.7%	18.7%
2064	13.8%	18.8%
2063	13.8%	18.9%
2062	13.9%	19.1%
2061	13.9%	19.2%
2060	14%	19.3%
2059	14.1%	19.4%
2058	14.1%	19.5%
2057	14.2%	19.6%
2056	14.3%	19.8%
2055	14.3%	19.9%
2054	14.4%	20%
2053	14.4%	20.1%
2052	14.4%	20.2%
2051	14.4%	20.3%
2050	14.4%	20.4%
2049	14.4%	20.5%
2048	14.4%	20.6%
2047	14.4%	20.7%
2046	14.4%	20.8%
2045	14.3%	20.9%
2044	14.3%	20.9%
2043	14.3%	21%
2042	14.3%	21.1%
2041	14.2%	21.2%
2040	14.2%	21.2%
2039	14.2%	21.3%
2038	14.3%	21.4%
2037	14.3%	21.5%
2036	14.3%	21.6%
2035	14.4%	21.8%
2034	14.5%	22%
2033	14.6%	22.2%
2032	14.8%	22.4%
2031	15%	22.7%
2030	15.1%	23%
2029	15.2%	23.3%
2028	15.3%	23.6%
2027	15.4%	23.9%
2026	15.5%	24.2%
2025	15.6%	24.6%
2024	15.7%	24.7%
2023	15.9%	25%
2022	16%	25.3%
2021	16.1%	25.6%
2020	16.1%	25.8%
2019	16%	26%
2018	15.9%	26.2%
2017	15.8%	26.4%
2016	15.7%	26.5%
2015	15.7%	26.6%
2014	15.7%	26.8%
2013	15.7%	26.9%
2012	15.7%	27%
2011	15.8%	27.1%
2010	15.7%	27.3%
2009	15.7%	27.5%
2008	15.7%	27.6%
2007	15.7%	27.9%
2006	15.8%	28.1%
2005	16%	28.5%
2004	16.4%	28.8%
2003	16.9%	29.2%
2002	17.5%	29.6%
2001	18.1%	30%
2000	18.6%	30.4%
1999	19.1%	30.8%
1998	19.3%	31.1%
1997	19.6%	31.5%
1996	20%	31.8%
1995	20.5%	32.1%
1994	21%	32.3%
1993	21.6%	32.5%
1992	22.2%	32.7%
1991	22.8%	32.9%
1990	23.3%	33%
1989	23.7%	33.2%
1988	23.9%	33.4%
1987	24%	33.6%
1986	24.3%	33.8%
1985	24.6%	34%
1984	25.1%	34.3%
1983	25.9%	34.6%
1982	26.8%	34.9%
1981	27.1%	35.2%
1980	26.8%	35.5%
1979	26.5%	35.9%
1978	26.3%	36.3%
1977	26%	36.7%
1976	25.7%	36.9%
1975	25.3%	37.1%
1974	25.1%	37.2%
1973	24.9%	37.3%
1972	24.9%	37.5%
1971	24.9%	37.6%
1970	25.1%	37.7%
1969	25.1%	37.8%
1968	25.1%	37.9%
1967	25%	38%
1966	25.2%	38%
1965	26%	38%
1964	26.7%	38%
1963	27.3%	37.8%
1962	27.7%	37.6%
1961	28%	37.5%
1960	28.1%	37.4%

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/romania | CC BY

The share of children aged 0-14 in Romania was 28.1% in 1960, 22.2% in 1992, and 15.7% as of the latest data in 2024.

More about the demographics of Romania.

Fertility rates around the globe

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/romania | CC BY

Maternal mortality by year

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
Year	Romania	World
2023	12	197
2022	13	203
2021	20	242
2020	16	211
2019	14	207
2018	15	211
2017	17	215
2016	17	220
2015	18	228
2014	18	231
2013	18	235
2012	19	239
2011	20	247
2010	23	253
2009	25	258
2008	25	264
2007	25	269
2006	27	276
2005	30	283
2004	32	291
2003	35	301
2002	38	311
2001	41	321
2000	45	328
1999	51	340
1998	58	360
1997	66	358
1996	72	366
1995	75	371
1994	80	382
1993	87	389
1992	95	395
1991	104	395
1990	118	391
1989	143	401
1988	159	414
1987	173	429
1986	180	438
1985	184	460

Data sources: World Bank | Gender (1985–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/romania | CC BY

The maternal mortality rate in Romania was 12 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2023 — a 0.01% chance of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination. This is a 73.3% decrease compared to the year 2000.

Under-five mortality by year

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
Year	Romania	World
2023	0.66%	2.49%
2022	0.66%	2.59%
2021	0.65%	2.66%
2020	0.66%	2.75%
2019	0.68%	2.86%
2018	0.73%	2.97%
2017	0.79%	3.11%
2016	0.85%	3.22%
2015	0.92%	3.35%
2014	0.99%	3.48%
2013	1.05%	3.61%
2012	1.12%	3.77%
2011	1.18%	3.97%
2010	1.24%	4.11%
2009	1.31%	4.31%
2008	1.4%	4.5%
2007	1.51%	4.7%
2006	1.66%	4.92%
2005	1.82%	5.16%
2004	1.94%	5.43%
2003	1.99%	5.65%
2002	2.01%	5.94%
2001	2.06%	6.21%
2000	2.16%	6.48%
1999	2.29%	6.75%
1998	2.44%	7.05%
1997	2.58%	7.28%
1996	2.68%	7.52%
1995	2.73%	7.76%
1994	2.76%	7.98%
1993	2.79%	8.19%
1992	2.84%	8.46%
1991	2.97%	8.66%
1990	3.14%	8.81%
1989	3.31%	9.02%
1988	3.43%	9.31%
1987	3.45%	9.47%
1986	3.33%	9.81%
1985	3.16%	10.1%
1984	3.08%	10.4%
1983	3.14%	10.6%
1982	3.28%	10.8%
1981	3.44%	11%
1980	3.57%	11.4%
1979	3.68%	11.7%
1978	3.76%	12.2%
1977	3.86%	12.6%
1976	4.05%	13%
1975	4.27%	13.4%
1974	4.43%	13.8%
1973	4.49%	14.1%
1972	4.64%	14.5%
1971	5.06%	15.1%
1970	5.69%	15.2%
1969	6.23%	15.4%
1968	6.44%	15.6%
1967	6.27%	15.9%
1966	5.83%	16.1%
1965	5.44%	16.4%
1964	5.45%	16.6%
1963	6.03%	16.5%
1962	6.98%	16.7%
1961	7.98%	17%
1960	8.82%	17.2%

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/birth-rate/romania | CC BY

The under-5 mortality rate in Romania was 6.6 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2023 — a 0.66% chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five. This is down from 21.6 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000.