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Economy of India vs Ivory Coast compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

India has a GDP of $3.96T compared to $99.8B for Ivory Coast, ranking 6/197 and 77/197 by economy size, respectively.

India has $3.33T in government debt (84.1% of GDP), compared to $56.2B (56.3% of GDP) in Ivory Coast.

India vs Ivory Coast GDP by year

India
Ivory Coast
1x
Year GDP, current $
India Ivory Coast
2025 $3,956,067,115,772 $99,773,555,666
2024 $3,760,813,470,501 $87,113,179,149
2023 $3,500,906,030,645 $80,780,312,569
2022 $3,249,938,492,013 $70,922,824,814
2021 $3,167,270,623,260 $72,794,636,654
2020 $2,674,851,578,587 $63,027,852,805
2019 $2,835,606,256,558 $60,382,894,697
2018 $2,702,929,641,649 $58,522,477,787
2017 $2,651,474,262,755 $52,512,343,997
2016 $2,294,796,885,663 $48,407,761,037
2015 $2,103,588,360,045 $45,815,005,169
2014 $2,039,126,479,155 $48,843,005,614
2013 $1,856,721,507,622 $42,760,235,485
2012 $1,827,637,590,410 $36,302,302,877
2011 $1,823,051,829,895 $36,693,710,801
2010 $1,675,615,519,485 $34,936,307,980
2009 $1,341,888,016,995 $33,886,813,250
2008 $1,198,895,139,006 $34,078,240,293
2007 $1,216,736,438,835 $28,760,090,953
2006 $940,259,888,788 $25,281,413,263
2005 $820,383,763,511 $24,036,918,703
2004 $709,152,728,831 $23,510,575,681
2003 $607,700,687,237 $21,251,754,340
2002 $514,939,140,319 $18,054,383,321
2001 $485,440,139,204 $16,810,537,044
2000 $468,395,521,654 $16,577,533,892
1999 $458,821,052,616 $18,870,992,456
1998 $421,351,317,225 $19,619,654,756
1997 $415,867,563,593 $18,047,558,038
1996 $392,896,866,205 $18,071,152,831
1995 $360,281,909,643 $11,000,146,267
1994 $327,274,843,459 $8,313,557,510
1993 $279,295,648,983 $11,045,760,288
1992 $288,208,070,278 $11,152,971,274
1991 $270,105,341,879 $10,492,628,581
1990 $320,979,026,420 $10,795,850,583
1989 $296,042,052,945 $9,757,410,645
1988 $296,589,670,896 $10,255,169,806
1987 $279,033,584,092 $10,087,654,465
1986 $248,985,994,041 $9,158,302,100
1985 $232,511,554,840 $6,977,650,644
1984 $212,157,645,178 $6,841,639,247
1983 $218,262,146,413 $6,838,184,773
1982 $200,715,624,831 $7,567,110,849
1981 $193,491,368,446 $8,432,589,942
1980 $186,328,579,302 $10,175,617,609
1979 $152,995,442,498 $9,142,933,967
1978 $137,302,319,829 $7,900,526,298
1977 $121,486,641,441 $6,265,068,189
1976 $102,716,451,980 $4,662,053,825
1975 $98,473,832,017 $3,893,839,190
1974 $99,526,597,934 $3,070,152,309
1973 $85,517,673,173 $2,508,421,426
1972 $71,464,700,667 $1,849,400,402
1971 $67,351,404,352 $1,584,128,509
1970 $62,422,483,055 $1,455,482,795
1969 $58,447,995,017 $1,361,360,293
1968 $53,085,455,871 $1,281,281,277
1967 $50,134,942,204 $1,082,922,725
1966 $45,581,230,504 $1,024,102,880
1965 $59,556,105,229 $919,771,229
1964 $56,480,289,941 $921,063,327
1963 $48,421,923,459 $761,047,198
1962 $42,161,481,858 $645,284,474
1961 $39,232,435,784 $618,245,634
1960 $37,029,883,876 $546,203,559

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/india/ivory-coast | CC BY

GDP per capita in India vs Ivory Coast by year

India
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Ivory Coast
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
India Ivory Coast
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $2,702 - $3,050 -
2024 $2,592 $11,160 $2,728 $7,669
2023 $2,434 $10,323 $2,592 $7,237
2022 $2,280 $9,207 $2,333 $6,719
2021 $2,240 $8,050 $2,456 $6,045
2020 $1,907 $6,966 $2,180 $5,544
2019 $2,041 $7,151 $2,142 $5,516
2018 $1,966 $6,715 $2,131 $4,946
2017 $1,950 $6,145 $1,964 $4,690
2016 $1,708 $5,800 $1,863 $4,531
2015 $1,584 $5,425 $1,815 $4,404
2014 $1,554 $5,192 $1,991 $4,074
2013 $1,433 $5,014 $1,786 $3,619
2012 $1,429 $4,820 $1,547 $3,291
2011 $1,445 $4,455 $1,597 $3,176
2010 $1,348 $4,206 $1,554 $3,361
2009 $1,095 $3,887 $1,540 $3,177
2008 $993 $3,633 $1,584 $3,116
2007 $1,022 $3,508 $1,368 $2,985
2006 $802 $3,221 $1,230 $2,942
2005 $710 $2,937 $1,198 $2,842
2004 $624 $2,682 $1,200 $2,794
2003 $544 $2,461 $1,111 $2,702
2002 $469 $2,277 $968 $2,851
2001 $450 $2,200 $925 $2,962
2000 $443 $2,091 $937 $3,041
1999 $442 $2,006 $1,096 $3,065
1998 $414 $1,852 $1,177 $3,086
1997 $416 $1,759 $1,125 $3,040
1996 $401 $1,695 $1,170 $2,832
1995 $375 $1,579 $740 $2,683
1994 $348 $1,467 $582 $2,551
1993 $303 $1,374 $804 $2,577
1992 $319 $1,309 $845 $2,625
1991 $306 $1,239 $827 $2,677
1990 $371 $1,212 $886 $2,693
1989 $350 - $833 -
1988 $358 - $910 -
1987 $345 - $930 -
1986 $315 - $877 -
1985 $301 - $695 -
1984 $281 - $709 -
1983 $296 - $737 -
1982 $278.7 - $849 -
1981 $275 - $986 -
1980 $271.1 - $1,238 -
1979 $228 - $1,157 -
1978 $209.4 - $1,039 -
1977 $189.6 - $856 -
1976 $164.1 - $661 -
1975 $161.1 - $575 -
1974 $166.7 - $474 -
1973 $146.6 - $406 -
1972 $125.3 - $313 -
1971 $120.7 - $280.3 -
1970 $114.4 - $269 -
1969 $109.5 - $262.2 -
1968 $101.6 - $256.8 -
1967 $98 - $225.6 -
1966 $91 - $221.8 -
1965 $121.5 - $207 -
1964 $117.9 - $215.5 -
1963 $103.4 - $185.1 -
1962 $92.2 - $163.1 -
1961 $87.9 - $162.3 -
1960 $84.9 - $148.7 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/india/ivory-coast | CC BY

India's GDP per capita is $2,702, ranking 149/197, compared to $3,050 in Ivory Coast, ranking 145/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), India ranks 130th at $11,160, while Ivory Coast ranks 145th at $7,669.

Economic indicators

India Ivory Coast
Gross domestic product
$3.96T
2025
$99.8B
2025
GDP rank
6/197
2025
77/197
2025
GDP growth
7.57%
2024-2025
6.5%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$2,702
2025
$3,050
2025
GDP per capita rank
149/197
2025
145/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$11,160
2024
$7,669
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
130/197
2024
145/197
2024
Government debt
$3.33T
2025
$56.2B
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
84.1%
2025
56.3%
2025
Government debt per person
$2,272
2025
$1,718
2025
Government debt per person rank
116/185
2025
124/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$2,974
2026
$2,667
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$10.6T
2025
$7.33B
2020
Number of millionaires
944,000
2026
n/a
Number of billionaires
229
2026
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
22.1%
2022
27.8%
2021
Income share by poorest 10%
4.5%
2022
3.1%
2021
Government expenditure, % of GDP
28.5%
2025
20.2%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
2.4%
2024-2025
0.13%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
5.25%
2025
n/a
Unemployment rate
4.51%
2025
2.31%
2022
Population
1483314140
33910252

Spending and national debt comparison by year

India
Spending

Debt
Ivory Coast
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
India Ivory Coast
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 28.5% 84.1% 20.2% 56.3%
2024 29.3% 84.8% 20.4% 59.5%
2023 29.7% 85% 21% 56.7%
2022 30% 84.6% 21.9% 56%
2021 30.7% 85.7% 20.5% 50.2%
2020 31.8% 90.6% 20.4% 46.3%
2019 27.4% 76.7% 17.2% 37.2%
2018 26.8% 71.7% 17.6% 35.3%
2017 26.6% 70.8% 18.1% 32.6%
2016 27.6% 69.8% 17.6% 31.1%
2015 27.3% 69.8% 16.5% 29.2%
2014 26.2% 67.6% 15.2% 26.7%
2013 26.5% 68% 15.9% 24.6%
2012 27.2% 68.1% 16.1% 24.7%
2011 27.3% 68.7% 13.2% 50%
2010 27.7% 67.7% 14.5% 45.6%
2009 28.1% 72.7% 14.4% 46.5%
2008 28.3% 74.3% 14.6% 51.2%
2007 26.1% 75.4% 14.8% 53.5%
2006 25.6% 77.9% 14.5% 57.5%
2005 26% 82.4% 13.6% 58.2%
2004 28.4% 84.9% 13.5% 56.7%
2003 29.9% 85.9% 12.7% 56.4%
2002 29.1% 84.3% 13.1% 63%
2001 28.3% 80.1% 11.4% 71.2%
2000 26.1% 74.9% 12.9% 74%
1999 25.8% 71.3% 13.7% 78%
1998 26% 69.3% 14.6% 75.2%
1997 25.2% 69% 15.2% 84.2%
1996 24.4% 67.1% - -
1995 25% 70.9% - -
1994 26.2% 74.8% - -
1993 26.2% 78.3% - -
1992 26.7% 78.8% - -
1991 26.8% 76.7% - -
1990 25.4% 50.8% - -
1989 25.7% 50.5% - -
1988 24.9% 48.9% - -
1987 22.5% 48.9% - -
1986 23.2% 47.9% - -
1985 21.6% 44.3% - -
1984 19.8% 41.6% - -
1983 17.8% 39.6% - -
1982 17.8% 41.7% - -
1981 16.6% 37.2% - -
1980 17.5% 38% - -
1979 15.6% 32.2% - -
1978 15% 30.8% - -
1977 13.9% 29.9% - -
1976 14.4% 31.3% - -
1975 12.7% 29.5% - -
1974 11.3% 29% - -
1973 12.9% 34.1% - -
1972 13.5% 37.2% - -
1971 12.4% 37.6% - -
1970 11.7% 38.1% - -
1969 11.5% 38.8% - -
1968 12.6% 40.3% - -
1967 13.8% 38.5% - -
1966 13.8% 36.2% - -
1965 13.7% 36.8% - -
1964 13.2% 33.8% - -
1963 12.3% 35.5% - -
1962 11.5% 36.2% - -
1961 11.8% 38.7% - -
1960 11.2% 36.5% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1990, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/india/ivory-coast | CC BY

In 2025, India's government spending was $1.13T, accounting for 28.5% of its GDP, while Ivory Coast spent $20.1B, or 20.2% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 84.1% in India and 56.3% in Ivory Coast, ranking 38/185 and 85/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
India

Ivory Coast
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
India Ivory Coast
2025 -7.44% -3%
2024 -7.85% -3.96%
2023 -8.37% -5.12%
2022 -9.23% -6.74%
2021 -9.7% -4.88%
2020 -13.2% -5.42%
2019 -7.86% -2.22%
2018 -6.46% -2.9%
2017 -6.33% -3.27%
2016 -7.21% -2.98%
2015 -7.28% -2.04%
2014 -6.9% -1.57%
2013 -6.78% -1.62%
2012 -7.32% -2.28%
2011 -8.03% -2.89%
2010 -8.53% -1.34%
2009 -9.26% -1%
2008 -8.15% -0.21%
2007 -3.73% -0.39%
2006 -5.11% -1.03%
2005 -6.64% -1.03%
2004 -9.22% -1.04%
2003 -11.4% -1.26%
2002 -11.1% -0.64%
2001 -11% 0.7%
2000 -8.41% -0.83%
1999 -8.7% -1.27%
1998 -9.74% -0.7%
1997 -8.28% -0.75%
1996 -6.71% -
1995 -6.81% -
1994 -8% -
1993 -8.57% -
1992 -7.89% -
1991 -7.44% -
1990 -7.63% -
1989 -7.68% -
1988 -7.01% -
1987 -9.53% -
1986 -10.6% -
1985 -9.58% -
1984 -8.54% -
1983 -7.28% -
1982 -6.78% -
1981 -6.07% -
1980 -7.27% -
1979 -4.87% -
1978 -4.45% -
1977 -4.1% -
1976 -4.1% -
1975 -3.11% -
1974 -2.3% -
1973 -3.53% -
1972 -3.14% -
1971 -2.9% -
1970 -2.35% -
1969 -2.66% -
1968 -3.98% -
1967 -4.97% -
1966 -4.18% -
1965 -4.49% -
1964 -4.41% -
1963 -4.16% -
1962 -3.3% -
1961 -4.1% -
1960 -4.05% -
1959 -5.29% -
1958 -5.08% -
1957 -3.35% -
1956 -2.93% -
1955 -2.77% -
1954 -2.61% -
1953 -1.83% -
1952 0.03% -
1951 -0.5% -
1950 -1.01% -
1949 -0.73% -
1948 -0.82% -
1947 -0.86% -
1946 -2.89% -
1945 -4.4% -
1944 -3.32% -
1943 -3.48% -
1942 -3.62% -
1941 -0.37% -
1940 -0.59% -
1939 -0.32% -
1938 -0.16% -
1937 -0.1% -
1936 -0.45% -
1935 -0.4% -
1934 -0.09% -
1933 0% -
1932 0.03% -
1931 -0.68% -
1930 -1.02% -
1929 -0.91% -
1928 -0.87% -
1927 -0.98% -
1926 -0.88% -
1925 -0.67% -
1924 -0.3% -
1923 -0.66% -
1922 -1.05% -
1921 -1.45% -
1920 -1.57% -
1919 -1.04% -
1918 -0.48% -
1917 -5.69% -
1916 0.25% -
1915 -0.51% -
1914 -0.98% -
1913 -0.85% -
1912 -0.58% -
1911 -0.42% -
1910 -0.85% -
1909 -0.7% -
1908 -1.25% -
1907 -1.22% -
1906 -0.8% -
1905 -2% -
1904 -0.53% -
1903 -0.56% -
1902 -0.56% -
1901 -0.27% -
1900 -1.06% -
1899 -0.56% -
1898 -0.49% -
1897 -1.02% -
1896 -1% -
1895 -0.41% -
1894 -0.5% -
1893 -0.59% -
1892 -0.56% -
1891 -0.64% -
1890 -0.8% -
1889 -0.45% -
1888 -1.94% -
1887 -1.28% -
1886 -0.75% -
1885 -1.48% -
1884 -1.22% -
1883 -0.81% -
1882 -0.77% -
1881 -0.05% -
1880 -0.69% -
1879 -0.39% -
1878 -0.12% -
1877 -0.84% -
1876 -0.8% -
1875 -0.87% -
1874 -0.15% -
1873 -0.28% -
1872 0.31% -
1871 0.42% -
1870 0.19% -
1869 0.01% -
1868 -0.38% -
1867 -0.12% -
1866 -0.31% -
1865 0.21% -
1864 -0.11% -
1863 -0.06% -
1862 0.15% -
1861 -0.16% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1861–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/india/ivory-coast | CC BY

In 2025, India's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $294B, equivalent to 7.44% of GDP. This compares to Ivory Coast's deficit of $3B, or 3% of GDP.

Over the past 29 years, India recorded a fiscal deficit in 29 of those years, while Ivory Coast ran a deficit in 28 years. On average, India posted an annual deficit equal to 8.25% of GDP, compared to deficit of 2.13% of GDP for Ivory Coast.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
India

Ivory Coast
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
India Ivory Coast
2025 2.4% 0.13%
2024 4.95% 3.45%
2023 5.65% 4.37%
2022 6.7% 5.23%
2021 5.13% 4.16%
2020 6.62% 2.41%
2019 3.73% 0.79%
2018 3.94% 0.4%
2017 3.33% 0.69%
2016 4.95% 0.72%
2015 4.91% 1.25%
2014 6.67% 0.45%
2013 10% 2.58%
2012 9.48% 1.3%
2011 8.91% 4.91%
2010 12% 1.23%
2009 10.9% 1.02%
2008 8.35% 6.31%
2007 6.37% 1.89%
2006 5.8% 2.47%
2005 4.25% 3.89%
2004 3.77% 1.46%
2003 3.81% 3.3%
2002 4.3% 3.08%
2001 3.78% 4.36%
2000 4.01% 2.53%
1999 4.67% 0.7%
1998 13.2% 4.61%
1997 7.16% 4.02%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/india/ivory-coast | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, India has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 6.2%, compared with 2.54% in Ivory Coast. In 2025, inflation was 2.4% in India and 0.13% in Ivory Coast.

Top exports between countries

India
Export category Export value
Raw agricultural goods $407M
Machinery & equipment $197M
Chemicals & pharma $139M
Textiles & consumer goods $64.1M
Raw materials & minerals $46.4M
Metals $27.7M
Animal & marine products $21.7M
Wood & paper products $18M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $14.6M
Weapons & explosives $1.04M
Ivory Coast
Export category Export value
Raw materials & minerals $388M
Raw agricultural goods $273M
Textiles & consumer goods $26.8M
Wood & paper products $22.3M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $5.02M
Metals $1.24M
Precious metals & jewellery $1.08M
Machinery & equipment $383K
Chemicals & pharma $174K
Animal & marine products $59K

Balance of trade

India Ivory Coast
Current account balance
-$16.5B
2025
-$3.89B
2024
Current account balance ranking
182/190
2025
156/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-0.42%
2025
-4.47%
2024
Goods imports
$761B
2025
$15.3B
2024
Goods exports
$450B
2025
$20.8B
2024
Service imports
$203B
2025
$6.63B
2024
Service exports
$412B
2025
$1.22B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
24%
2025
24.8%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
22.3%
2025
29.8%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

India Ivory Coast
Economic freedom 52.5 58.1
Economic freedom ranking 146/197 111/197
Property rights 48.3 43.9
Government integrity 37.8 39.3
Judicial effectiveness 52.6 30.2
Tax burden 71.2 81.6
Government spending 75.7 86.6
Fiscal health 6.7 48
Business freedom 67.4 68.3
Labor freedom 59 57.1
Monetary freedom 70.9 67.6
Trade freedom 61 74.4
Investment freedom 40 50
Financial freedom 40 50

Economic freedom comparison by year

India
Ivory Coast
1x
Year Economic freedom index
India Ivory Coast
2026 52.5 58.1
2025 53 57.8
2024 52.9 58.4
2023 52.9 60.4
2022 53.9 61.6
2021 56.5 61.7
2020 56.5 59.7
2019 55.2 62.4
2018 54.5 62
2017 52.6 63
2016 56.2 60
2015 54.6 58.5
2014 55.7 57.7
2013 55.2 54.1
2012 54.6 54.3
2011 54.6 55.4
2010 53.8 54.1
2009 54.4 55
2008 54.1 53.9
2007 53.9 54.9
2006 52.2 56.2
2005 54.2 56.6
2004 51.5 57.8
2003 51.2 56.7
2002 51.2 57.3
2001 49 54.8
2000 47.4 50.2
1999 50.2 51.7
1998 49.7 51.3
1997 49.7 50.5
1996 47.4 49.9
1995 45.1 53.4

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/india/ivory-coast | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for India is 52.5, ranking 146/197, compared to 58.1 for Ivory Coast, ranking 111/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

India Ivory Coast
Services, % of GDP
49.3%
2025
51.2%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
25.2%
2025
23.9%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
16.2%
2025
16.8%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$4.04T
2025
$91B
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$11,600
2025
$7,750
2025
Total reserves including gold
$700B
2025
n/a
Total reserves ranking
5/177
2025
n/a
Net foreign direct investment
-$3.41B
2025
-$2.89B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$27.1B
2024
$3.12B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$24.2B
2024
$228M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
2.47%
2024
6.47%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
21.9%
2011
37.5%
2021
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
34.6%
2025
19.3%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1861–1990, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.