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Economy of Honduras vs Netherlands compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Honduras has a GDP of $39.6B compared to $1.33T for the Netherlands, ranking 104/197 and 18/197 by economy size, respectively.

Honduras has $16.3B in government debt (41.2% of GDP), compared to $578B (43.3% of GDP) in the Netherlands.

Honduras vs Netherlands GDP by year

Honduras
Netherlands
1x
Year GDP, current $
Honduras Netherlands
2025 $39,601,409,103 $1,332,767,651,100
2024 $36,980,171,442 $1,213,936,238,063
2023 $34,355,805,528 $1,135,475,867,551
2022 $31,426,041,807 $1,046,540,797,549
2021 $28,144,331,507 $1,054,472,123,450
2020 $23,352,232,484 $932,560,861,701
2019 $24,882,225,742 $928,903,005,576
2018 $24,067,750,760 $929,733,599,797
2017 $23,136,247,991 $848,233,537,846
2016 $21,717,604,952 $797,163,949,290
2015 $20,979,791,685 $775,743,675,303
2014 $19,756,533,972 $901,556,501,756
2013 $18,499,729,215 $883,951,539,007
2012 $18,528,554,398 $845,689,017,066
2011 $17,710,275,685 $913,140,741,333
2010 $15,839,344,592 $852,464,982,433
2009 $14,587,496,229 $878,954,223,140
2008 $13,881,731,876 $957,901,566,041
2007 $12,361,257,681 $853,499,460,873
2006 $10,917,477,066 $737,593,995,289
2005 $9,757,012,697 $688,133,699,636
2004 $8,869,299,234 $661,224,886,143
2003 $8,230,391,347 $582,435,617,082
2002 $7,858,255,413 $475,529,972,123
2001 $7,651,162,302 $432,536,219,669
2000 $7,186,638,029 $417,649,282,154
1999 $6,394,090,592 $447,778,514,140
1998 $6,163,707,533 $438,612,530,549
1997 $5,569,178,707 $417,506,211,882
1996 $4,798,834,459 $451,372,549,020
1995 $4,672,346,194 $452,967,334,614
1994 $4,105,686,899 $379,688,232,232
1993 $4,190,773,622 $354,070,495,966
1992 $4,122,846,905 $363,497,050,125
1991 $3,699,381,195 $327,982,316,124
1990 $3,734,460,117 $318,799,003,994
1989 $4,375,896,552 $258,716,904,292
1988 $4,892,660,944 $262,295,966,105
1987 $5,024,800,000 $245,406,949,521
1986 $4,706,100,000 $201,157,708,221
1985 $4,328,300,000 $144,057,523,222
1984 $4,029,900,000 $144,124,462,912
1983 $3,840,550,000 $153,671,294,109
1982 $3,619,500,000 $158,712,765,536
1981 $3,501,800,000 $164,375,775,854
1980 $3,184,400,000 $195,439,301,707
1979 $2,778,900,000 $179,933,827,310
1978 $2,393,650,000 $156,089,077,205
1977 $1,900,700,000 $127,203,923,857
1976 $1,589,300,000 $109,329,386,564
1975 $1,330,050,000 $100,397,061,694
1974 $1,243,000,000 $87,371,810,804
1973 $1,128,299,436 $71,946,639,603
1972 $1,030,645,362 $54,787,070,173
1971 $958,450,000 $44,644,730,576
1970 $904,400,000 $38,220,884,519
1969 $844,400,000 $34,086,038,090
1968 $815,450,000 $30,097,635,751
1967 $750,950,000 $27,143,828,099
1966 $692,150,000 $24,741,480,717
1965 $651,050,000 $22,721,869,808
1964 $591,100,000 $20,232,048,553
1963 $553,500,000 $17,193,744,109
1962 $532,450,000 $15,847,582,341
1961 $503,300,000 $14,599,836,396
1960 $475,650,000 $13,282,979,015

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/honduras/netherlands | CC BY

GDP per capita in Honduras vs Netherlands by year

Honduras
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Netherlands
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Honduras Netherlands
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $3,598 - $73,684 -
2024 $3,416 $7,486 $67,465 $86,174
2023 $3,227 $7,178 $63,516 $81,729
2022 $3,003 $6,805 $59,123 $78,630
2021 $2,735 $6,203 $60,142 $68,574
2020 $2,308 $5,385 $53,468 $62,597
2019 $2,502 $5,785 $53,555 $62,345
2018 $2,465 $5,633 $53,955 $58,819
2017 $2,413 $5,621 $49,514 $56,038
2016 $2,307 $5,186 $46,809 $53,162
2015 $2,271 $4,846 $45,794 $50,957
2014 $2,180 $4,460 $53,457 $49,751
2013 $2,081 $4,137 $52,602 $49,622
2012 $2,126 $4,016 $50,474 $47,653
2011 $2,074 $3,901 $54,702 $47,004
2010 $1,893 $3,758 $51,306 $45,301
2009 $1,781 $3,656 $53,172 $44,959
2008 $1,732 $3,806 $58,247 $46,714
2007 $1,578 $3,664 $52,101 $44,203
2006 $1,426 $3,438 $45,124 $41,208
2005 $1,305 $3,204 $42,165 $37,778
2004 $1,215 $3,001 $40,611 $35,961
2003 $1,156 $2,821 $35,897 $34,286
2002 $1,132 $2,715 $29,447 $34,568
2001 $1,132 $2,645 $26,956 $33,259
2000 $1,093 $2,587 $26,225 $31,895
1999 $999 $2,372 $28,319 $29,316
1998 $989 $2,152 $27,924 $27,749
1997 $917 $1,959 $26,745 $26,062
1996 $813 $1,617 $29,064 $24,564
1995 $814 $1,329 $29,301 $23,480
1994 $736 $1,074 $24,683 $22,414
1993 $773 $838 $23,156 $21,443
1992 $782 $741 $23,939 $20,831
1991 $722 $684 $21,764 $20,177
1990 $750 $540 $21,322 $19,203
1989 $904 - $17,423 -
1988 $1,039 - $17,771 -
1987 $1,098 - $16,734 -
1986 $1,058 - $13,804 -
1985 $1,001 - $9,941 -
1984 $960 - $9,992 -
1983 $942 - $10,696 -
1982 $914 - $11,089 -
1981 $912 - $11,537 -
1980 $854 - $13,812 -
1979 $769 - $12,817 -
1978 $683 - $11,196 -
1977 $559 - $9,180 -
1976 $482 - $7,937 -
1975 $417 - $7,346 -
1974 $401 - $6,450 -
1973 $375 - $5,353 -
1972 $353 - $4,110 -
1971 $338 - $3,384 -
1970 $329 - $2,931 -
1969 $316 - $2,647 -
1968 $314 - $2,364 -
1967 $298.2 - $2,155 -
1966 $282.9 - $1,986 -
1965 $273.9 - $1,848 -
1964 $255.9 - $1,668 -
1963 $246.6 - $1,437 -
1962 $244 - $1,342 -
1961 $237.3 - $1,254 -
1960 $230.7 - $1,156 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/honduras/netherlands | CC BY

Honduras' GDP per capita is $3,598, ranking 137/197, compared to $73,684 in the Netherlands, ranking 12/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Honduras ranks 146th at $7,486, while the Netherlands ranks 11th at $86,174.

Economic indicators

Honduras Netherlands
Gross domestic product
$39.6B
2025
$1.33T
2025
GDP rank
104/197
2025
18/197
2025
GDP growth
3.75%
2024-2025
1.78%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$3,598
2025
$73,684
2025
GDP per capita rank
137/197
2025
12/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$7,486
2024
$86,174
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
146/197
2024
11/197
2024
Government debt
$16.3B
2025
$578B
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
41.2%
2025
43.3%
2025
Government debt per person
$1,483
2025
$31,942
2025
Government debt per person rank
132/185
2025
23/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$2,887
2026
$46,674
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$1.1T
2017
Number of millionaires n/a
1,294,000
2026
Number of billionaires n/a
13
2026
Income share by richest 10%
32.3%
2024
21.4%
2021
Income share by poorest 10%
1.2%
2024
3.6%
2021
Government expenditure, % of GDP
24.9%
2025
45.1%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
4.6%
2024-2025
3.26%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
5.75%
2024
n/a
Unemployment rate
4.85%
2025
3.9%
2025
Population
11279259
18243998

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Honduras
Spending

Debt
Netherlands
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Honduras Netherlands
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 24.9% 41.2% 45.1% 43.3%
2024 25.7% 41.5% 44.4% 43.7%
2023 27.2% 41.7% 44% 45.8%
2022 24% 46.9% 43.3% 48.4%
2021 28.8% 52.7% 45.9% 50.5%
2020 28.4% 53.5% 47.8% 53.4%
2019 25.9% 43.3% 42.1% 47.7%
2018 26.2% 42.4% 42.4% 51.6%
2017 26.9% 41.3% 42.8% 56%
2016 27.4% 39.4% 43.9% 60.9%
2015 26% 38.3% 45.3% 63.8%
2014 26.4% 35.2% 46.7% 67.2%
2013 28% 37.3% 47.5% 67.2%
2012 26.4% 27.1% 47.6% 65.7%
2011 25.9% 24.6% 47.8% 61.2%
2010 26.5% 21.8% 48.9% 58.9%
2009 28.4% 23.8% 48.4% 56.3%
2008 26.4% 22.3% 44.3% 54.4%
2007 24.4% 24% 43.3% 42.7%
2006 24.4% 39.2% 44% 45%
2005 23.6% 55.6% 43.4% 49.6%
2004 25.5% 60.9% 44.7% 50.1%
2003 26.4% 67.8% 45.8% 49.8%
2002 26.8% 64.2% 44.8% 48.7%
2001 25.1% 63.4% 44.1% 49.4%
2000 22.1% 65.8% 43.2% 52.2%
1999 23.3% 75.8% 44.3% 58.6%
1998 19.4% 67.4% 44.6% 62.7%
1997 19.4% 70.8% 45.7% 65.7%
1996 18.7% 64.6% 47.3% 71.2%
1995 17.2% 65.4% 53.9% 73%
1994 19% 85.5% 49.4% 73.5%
1993 24.5% 111.7% 50.9% 76.7%
1992 21.6% 123.2% 50.2% 75.6%
1991 20.8% 135.4% 49.6% 74.8%
1990 19.4% 236.5% 48.8% 75%
1989 10.2% 68.4% 54.5% 73.7%
1988 16% 71.7% 56.4% 73.7%
1987 17.2% 73.6% 58.5% 71.3%
1986 19.8% 69.9% 57% 68.9%
1985 22.5% 65.7% 57.3% 67.1%
1984 22.4% 60.5% 58.1% 61.9%
1983 20.8% 57.6% 59.1% 58.4%
1982 18.7% 54.3% 59.1% 52.4%
1981 15.3% 48.1% 56.8% 46.9%
1980 16.2% 41% 55.2% 43.6%
1979 14.4% 36.1% 53.7% 39.5%
1978 13.1% 32.8% 52.3% 38.1%
1977 14.6% 28.2% 50.6% 34.9%
1976 11.5% 26.5% 50.8% 35.2%
1975 11.9% 24% 50.8% 36.1%
1974 11.7% 18.5% 46.4% 36.3%
1973 11.1% 16.6% 44.6% 38.1%
1972 12.6% 16.8% 44.9% 41.3%
1971 15.2% 19.8% 44.6% 43.7%
1970 15.2% 17.2% 43.2% 46.1%
1969 13.6% 13% 42.1% 48.2%
1968 11.6% 9.75% 25.4% 54.4%
1967 11.4% 9.72% 24.1% 55%
1966 11.4% 9.47% 24.4% 55.6%
1965 10.6% 8.97% 23.4% 55.8%
1964 11.4% 9.78% 22.3% 57.1%
1963 10.1% 9.02% 21.9% 61.7%
1962 10.5% 8.54% 22.1% 63.8%
1961 11.2% 8.22% 22.2% 65.9%
1960 12.2% 8.97% 20.4% 66.7%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/honduras/netherlands | CC BY

In 2025, Honduras' government spending was $9.87B, accounting for 24.9% of its GDP, while the Netherlands spent $602B, or 45.1% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 41.2% in Honduras and 43.3% in the Netherlands, ranking 128/185 and 121/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Honduras

Netherlands
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Honduras Netherlands
2025 -0.74% -1.84%
2024 -1.12% -0.94%
2023 -1.96% -0.37%
2022 1.57% 0.002%
2021 -3.17% -2.26%
2020 -4.58% -3.72%
2019 0.09% 1.91%
2018 0.2% 1.49%
2017 -0.41% 1.35%
2016 -0.4% 0.23%
2015 -0.78% -1.84%
2014 -2.81% -2.17%
2013 -5.48% -2.87%
2012 -3.48% -3.83%
2011 -2.94% -4.42%
2010 -3.37% -5.3%
2009 -4.86% -5.06%
2008 -0.27% -0.06%
2007 -0.25% -0.16%
2006 -1.36% 0.04%
2005 -0.03% -0.51%
2004 -2.48% -1.82%
2003 -5.09% -3.19%
2002 -5.02% -2.23%
2001 -3.12% -0.47%
2000 1.51% 1.14%
1999 1.38% 0.28%
1998 2.89% -1.34%
1997 0.08% -1.6%
1996 0.13% -1.91%
1995 -0.24% -8.72%
1994 -0.97% -3.53%
1993 -5.21% -3.13%
1992 -1.49% -3.12%
1991 -2.16% -2.05%
1990 -2.15% -4.08%
1989 2.08% -5%
1988 -2.65% -4.23%
1987 -3.23% -5.39%
1986 -5.92% -4.62%
1985 -8.58% -3.6%
1984 -9.33% -5.25%
1983 -9.1% -5.47%
1982 -6.17% -6.17%
1981 -2.5% -4.92%
1980 -2.52% -3.95%
1979 -1.55% -2.46%
1978 -0.68% -2.09%
1977 -2.55% -0.75%
1976 -0.93% -2.02%
1975 -1.78% -2.82%
1974 -0.27% -0.26%
1973 -0.71% 0.54%
1972 -2.37% -0.7%
1971 -3.51% -1.58%
1970 -3.24% -1.52%
1969 -2.16% -1.14%
1968 -0.38% -3.06%
1967 -0.73% -1.97%
1966 -0.45% -2.37%
1965 0.19% -1.15%
1964 -1.77% -1.2%
1963 -0.39% -0.54%
1962 -0.71% -1.38%
1961 -1.05% -0.38%
1960 -1.22% 0.9%
1959 -1.31% -0.74%
1958 -1.16% -0.89%
1957 -1.01% 0.3%
1956 -1.81% -0.83%
1955 -0.42% -0.25%
1954 -2.91% 0.76%
1953 -2.96% -2.95%
1952 -3.21% 2.19%
1951 -1.04% 2.13%
1950 -0.44% 0.81%
1949 -1.92% 2.3%
1948 0.52% -
1947 -0.83% -
1946 0.32% -
1945 0% -
1944 -0.82% -
1943 -0.48% -
1942 0% -
1941 -0.26% -
1940 -0.43% -
1939 -0.52% -3.19%
1938 -0.74% -0.37%
1937 -1.37% 0.02%
1936 -0.76% -0.41%
1935 0% -0.69%
1934 0.06% -0.92%
1933 2.06% -2.55%
1932 -2.13% -1.97%
1931 -0.94% -1.66%
1930 -1.15% -0.55%
1929 -0.38% -1.16%
1928 0.72% -0.62%
1927 0.37% -0.33%
1926 - -0.78%
1925 - -2.04%
1924 - -3.37%
1923 - -2.62%
1922 - -
1921 - -
1920 - -
1919 - -
1918 - -
1917 - -
1916 - -
1915 - -
1914 - -
1913 - -0.45%
1912 - -0.47%
1911 - -0.13%
1910 - -0.93%
1909 - -0.34%
1908 - -0.57%
1907 - 0.03%
1906 - 0.16%
1905 - 0.1%
1904 - -0.72%
1903 - 0.09%
1902 - -0.14%
1901 - 0.03%
1900 - 0.06%
1899 - -0.13%
1898 - -0.48%
1897 - -0.45%
1896 - 0.08%
1895 - -0.06%
1894 - 0.12%
1893 - -0.76%
1892 - -1.72%
1891 - -0.06%
1890 - -0.06%
1889 - 0.04%
1888 - -0.31%
1887 - -0.37%
1886 - -0.08%
1885 - -0.55%
1884 - 0%
1883 - -2.1%
1882 - -1.11%
1881 - -1.06%
1880 - 0.21%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/honduras/netherlands | CC BY

In 2025, Honduras' government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $295M, equivalent to 0.74% of GDP. This compares to the Netherlands' deficit of $24.5B, or 1.84% of GDP.

Over the past 66 years, Honduras recorded a fiscal deficit in 56 of those years, while the Netherlands ran a deficit in 56 years. On average, Honduras posted an annual deficit equal to 2% of GDP, compared to deficit of 2.13% of GDP for the Netherlands.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Honduras

Netherlands
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Honduras Netherlands
2025 4.6% 3.26%
2024 4.61% 3.35%
2023 6.66% 3.84%
2022 9.09% 10%
2021 4.48% 2.68%
2020 3.47% 1.27%
2019 4.37% 2.63%
2018 4.35% 1.7%
2017 3.93% 1.38%
2016 2.72% 0.32%
2015 3.16% 0.6%
2014 6.13% 0.98%
2013 5.16% 2.51%
2012 5.2% 2.46%
2011 6.76% 2.34%
2010 4.7% 1.28%
2009 5.5% 1.19%
2008 11.4% 2.49%
2007 6.94% 1.61%
2006 5.58% 1.1%
2005 8.81% 1.69%
2004 8.11% 1.26%
2003 7.67% 2.09%
2002 7.69% 3.29%
2001 9.67% 4.16%
2000 11% 2.36%
1999 11.7% 2.16%
1998 13.7% 1.96%
1997 20.2% 2.11%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/honduras/netherlands | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Honduras has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 7.15%, compared with 2.35% in the Netherlands. In 2025, inflation was 4.6% in Honduras and 3.26% in the Netherlands.

Top exports between countries

Honduras
Export category Export value
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $96.6M
Raw agricultural goods $64M
Chemicals & pharma $4.83M
Animal & marine products $3.47M
Wood & paper products $1.17M
Metals $899K
Raw materials & minerals $123K
Textiles & consumer goods $119K
Machinery & equipment $11K
Netherlands
Export category Export value
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $28.8M
Machinery & equipment $27.5M
Raw agricultural goods $10.4M
Chemicals & pharma $6.02M
Raw materials & minerals $2.55M
Animal & marine products $2.42M
Metals $2.06M
Wood & paper products $874K
Textiles & consumer goods $599K
Precious metals & jewellery $122K

Balance of trade

Honduras Netherlands
Current account balance
$936M
2025
$111B
2024
Current account balance ranking
50/190
2025
6/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
+2.36%
2025
+9.14%
2024
Goods imports
$15.4B
2025
$606B
2024
Goods exports
$6.88B
2025
$693B
2024
Service imports
$4.1B
2025
$262B
2024
Service exports
$3.89B
2025
$308B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
56.5%
2025
69.5%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
35%
2025
80.7%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Honduras Netherlands
Economic freedom 59.1 78.5
Economic freedom ranking 105/197 11/197
Property rights 35.7 96
Government integrity 24.6 86.8
Judicial effectiveness 27.6 96.1
Tax burden 83.1 54
Government spending 80.3 42.2
Fiscal health 95.2 95.9
Business freedom 59.4 85
Labor freedom 37.9 59.3
Monetary freedom 70.1 77
Trade freedom 69.8 79.4
Investment freedom 65 90
Financial freedom 60 80

Economic freedom comparison by year

Honduras
Netherlands
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Honduras Netherlands
2026 59.1 78.5
2025 59.6 78.2
2024 58.6 77.3
2023 58.7 78
2022 59.5 79.5
2021 59.8 76.8
2020 61.1 77
2019 60.2 76.8
2018 60.6 76.2
2017 58.8 75.8
2016 57.7 74.6
2015 57.4 73.7
2014 57.1 74.2
2013 58.4 73.5
2012 58.8 73.3
2011 58.6 74.7
2010 58.3 75
2009 58.7 77
2008 58.9 77.4
2007 59.1 75.5
2006 57.4 75.4
2005 55.3 72.9
2004 55.3 74.5
2003 60.4 74.6
2002 58.7 75.1
2001 57 73
2000 57.6 70.4
1999 56.7 70.2
1998 56.2 69.2
1997 56 70.4
1996 56.6 69.7
1995 57 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/honduras/netherlands | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Honduras is 59.1, ranking 105/197, compared to 78.5 for the Netherlands, ranking 11/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Honduras Netherlands
Services, % of GDP
57.6%
2025
70.4%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
25.4%
2025
17.7%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
13.3%
2025
1.68%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$36B
2025
$1.24T
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$7,270
2025
$85,480
2025
Total reserves including gold
$10.2B
2025
$118B
2025
Total reserves ranking
78/177
2025
27/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
-$810M
2025
$11.1B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$478M
2024
-$17.1B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
-$49.4M
2024
-$5.93B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
5.23%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
60.1%
2025
14.5%
2021
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
24.2%
2025
19.8%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/honduras/netherlands | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2023–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.