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Economy of Honduras vs South Korea compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Honduras has a GDP of $37.1B compared to $1.71T for South Korea, ranking 103/197 and 15/197 by economy size, respectively.

Honduras has $15.8B in government debt (43% of GDP), compared to $868B (54.5% of GDP) in South Korea.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Honduras
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
South Korea
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Honduras South Korea
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1960 $335,650,000 $2,488,221,555 $3,958,811,881 $25,704,085,715
1961 $356,200,000 $2,534,394,470 $2,417,628,737 $27,486,919,212
1962 $387,750,000 $2,680,498,409 $2,814,615,385 $28,557,609,626
1963 $410,200,000 $2,776,471,958 $3,988,461,538 $31,133,668,302
1964 $457,000,000 $2,926,863,604 $3,459,019,943 $34,083,217,465
1965 $508,650,000 $3,191,368,848 $3,120,861,499 $36,577,575,097
1966 $549,950,000 $3,362,867,976 $3,929,055,144 $40,964,673,583
1967 $598,100,000 $3,563,884,850 $4,855,892,446 $44,684,104,770
1968 $646,800,000 $3,799,036,503 $6,119,394,892 $50,567,110,467
1969 $668,000,050 $3,823,936,864 $7,678,698,838 $57,930,372,849
1970 $723,000,000 $3,962,620,383 $9,005,144,969 $63,753,959,605
1971 $731,000,000 $4,120,927,211 $9,903,571,249 $70,477,142,055
1972 $802,996,337 $4,358,387,600 $10,862,211,761 $75,561,617,309
1973 $912,499,494 $4,701,386,276 $13,876,472,208 $86,819,030,861
1974 $1,034,500,000 $4,643,670,096 $19,543,973,941 $95,077,114,202
1975 $1,124,000,000 $4,742,611,928 $21,784,297,521 $102,531,096,576
1976 $1,347,999,950 $5,240,619,049 $29,902,479,339 $116,087,191,991
1977 $1,669,499,950 $5,784,799,119 $38,446,487,603 $130,407,687,326
1978 $3,097,242,093 $6,129,932,487 $51,972,107,438 $144,691,222,664
1979 $3,544,281,977 $6,473,817,206 $66,946,900,826 $157,237,726,607
1980 $3,968,160,046 $6,512,618,292 $65,398,377,598 $154,650,084,774
1981 $4,043,894,879 $6,433,031,815 $72,933,533,012 $165,856,302,541
1982 $4,266,503,526 $6,299,568,220 $78,358,416,171 $179,685,530,559
1983 $4,476,697,185 $6,356,623,024 $87,760,553,262 $203,720,580,661
1984 $4,915,311,847 $6,758,825,363 $97,510,744,119 $225,216,443,661
1985 $5,278,120,713 $7,139,092,751 $101,296,177,099 $242,870,854,435
1986 $5,677,828,959 $7,519,661,681 $116,836,246,285 $270,381,470,486
1987 $6,190,521,242 $8,018,843,592 $147,948,709,376 $304,783,976,339
1988 $5,902,717,091 $8,158,855,312 $199,591,287,825 $341,320,612,493
1989 $5,432,344,902 $8,381,416,559 $246,928,837,311 $365,461,856,267
1990 $4,923,009,552 $8,615,404,668 $283,365,844,161 $401,560,542,994
1991 $4,648,668,479 $8,329,432,815 $330,647,042,837 $444,840,963,701
1992 $4,943,700,431 $8,835,336,566 $355,524,903,068 $472,415,066,062
1993 $4,926,728,933 $9,409,255,133 $392,665,710,525 $504,905,290,010
1994 $4,642,280,682 $9,429,193,673 $463,619,823,515 $551,703,276,663
1995 $5,347,445,005 $10,012,795,187 $566,581,003,128 $604,747,148,974
1996 $5,215,028,986 $10,200,112,186 $610,167,053,824 $652,465,952,372
1997 $5,737,099,650 $10,669,121,817 $569,755,022,973 $692,726,706,029
1998 $6,366,340,266 $11,052,168,152 $383,331,833,682 $657,193,648,716
1999 $6,414,520,530 $10,970,862,758 $497,514,040,642 $732,553,666,047
2000 $7,186,638,029 $11,770,779,975 $576,179,387,820 $798,929,132,744
2001 $7,651,162,302 $12,091,321,063 $547,656,279,895 $837,696,366,558
2002 $7,858,255,413 $12,545,270,108 $627,246,933,730 $902,409,606,062
2003 $8,230,391,347 $13,115,708,313 $702,714,855,194 $930,811,064,125
2004 $8,869,299,234 $13,933,118,991 $793,175,561,887 $979,188,957,980
2005 $9,757,012,697 $14,776,156,180 $934,901,071,333 $1,021,377,732,487
2006 $10,917,477,066 $15,746,542,344 $1,053,216,909,888 $1,075,146,392,090
2007 $12,361,257,681 $16,720,989,902 $1,172,614,086,540 $1,137,500,027,632
2008 $13,881,731,876 $17,428,555,329 $1,047,339,010,225 $1,171,772,731,392
2009 $14,587,496,229 $17,004,757,718 $943,941,876,219 $1,181,061,361,994
2010 $15,839,344,592 $17,639,229,094 $1,143,672,241,150 $1,261,430,519,849
2011 $17,710,275,685 $18,315,815,357 $1,253,289,537,501 $1,307,922,658,113
2012 $18,528,554,398 $19,072,018,182 $1,278,046,536,287 $1,339,345,905,332
2013 $18,499,729,215 $19,604,424,966 $1,370,632,955,321 $1,381,732,300,870
2014 $19,756,533,972 $20,203,944,076 $1,484,488,526,272 $1,425,981,639,370
2015 $20,979,791,685 $20,979,791,685 $1,466,038,936,206 $1,466,038,936,206
2016 $21,717,604,952 $21,796,529,143 $1,499,679,823,910 $1,509,241,369,554
2017 $23,136,247,991 $22,852,116,285 $1,623,074,183,502 $1,556,927,899,271
2018 $24,067,750,760 $23,730,778,961 $1,725,373,496,825 $1,602,194,079,769
2019 $24,882,225,742 $24,338,200,129 $1,651,422,932,448 $1,638,146,960,195
2020 $23,352,232,484 $22,156,260,474 $1,644,312,831,906 $1,626,525,694,050
2021 $28,144,331,507 $24,940,257,610 $1,818,432,106,880 $1,696,543,311,943
2022 $31,426,041,807 $25,973,672,632 $1,673,916,511,800 $1,740,868,427,277
2023 $34,355,805,528 $26,902,451,582 $1,712,792,854,202 $1,764,487,367,949
2024 $37,093,565,854 $27,858,556,650 - -

Economic indicators

Honduras South Korea
Gross domestic product
$37.1B
2024
$1.71T
2023
GDP rank
103/197
2024
15/197
2023
GDP growth
7.97%
2023-2024
2.32%
2022-2023
GDP per capita
$3,426
2024
$33,121
2023
GDP per capita rank
136/197
2024
36/197
2023
GDP per capita, PPP
$7,486
2024
$52,204
2023
Government debt
$15.8B
2024
$868B
2023
Debt-to-GDP ratio
43%
2025
54.5%
2025
Government debt per person
$1,460
2024
$16,791
2023
Government debt per person rank
130/185
2024
36/185
2023
Average annual personal income after taxes
$5,147
2025
$23,981
2025
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$1.56T
2024
Number of millionaires n/a
1,295,674
2024
Number of billionaires n/a
30
2025
Income share by richest 10%
32.3%
2024
24.6%
2021
Income share by poorest 10%
1.2%
2024
2.9%
2021
Government expenditure, % of GDP
26.7%
2025
23.3%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
4.61%
2023-2024
2.32%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
5.75%
2024
2.5%
2025
Unemployment rate
4.91%
2024
2.78%
2024
Population
11149564
51700480

GDP per capita in Honduras vs South Korea

Honduras' GDP per capita is $3,426, ranking 136/197, compared to $33,121 in South Korea, ranking 36/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Honduras ranks 145th at $7,486, while South Korea ranks 39th at $52,204.

Honduras
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
South Korea
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Honduras South Korea
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1960 $162.8 - $158.3 -
1961 $167.9 - $93.8 -
1962 $177.7 - $106.2 -
1963 $182.7 - $146.3 -
1964 $197.8 - $123.6 -
1965 $214 - $108.7 -
1966 $224.8 - $133.5 -
1967 $237.5 - $161.2 -
1968 $249.4 - $198.4 -
1969 $250.2 - $243.4 -
1970 $262.8 - $279.3 -
1971 $257.9 - $301 -
1972 $274.8 - $324 -
1973 $303 - $407 -
1974 $334 - $563 -
1975 $352 - $617 -
1976 $409 - $834 -
1977 $491 - $1,056 -
1978 $884 - $1,406 -
1979 $980 - $1,784 -
1980 $1,065 - $1,715 -
1981 $1,053 - $1,883 -
1982 $1,078 - $1,993 -
1983 $1,098 - $2,199 -
1984 $1,170 - $2,413 -
1985 $1,221 - $2,482 -
1986 $1,276 - $2,835 -
1987 $1,353 - $3,555 -
1988 $1,254 - $4,749 -
1989 $1,122 - $5,817 -
1990 $988 $2,040 $6,610 $8,355
1991 $907 $1,982 $7,637 $9,475
1992 $938 $2,090 $8,127 $10,185
1993 $908 $2,214 $8,885 $11,031
1994 $832 $2,203 $10,385 $12,187
1995 $932 $2,322 $12,565 $13,503
1996 $883 $2,341 $13,403 $14,694
1997 $945 $2,423 $12,398 $15,722
1998 $1,021 $2,472 $8,282 $14,975
1999 $1,002 $2,423 $10,672 $16,807
2000 $1,093 $2,587 $12,257 $18,539
2001 $1,132 $2,645 $11,561 $19,724
2002 $1,132 $2,715 $13,165 $21,397
2003 $1,156 $2,821 $14,673 $22,096
2004 $1,215 $3,001 $16,496 $23,774
2005 $1,305 $3,204 $19,403 $25,187
2006 $1,426 $3,438 $21,743 $26,884
2007 $1,578 $3,664 $24,086 $29,065
2008 $1,732 $3,806 $21,350 $29,946
2009 $1,781 $3,656 $19,144 $29,508
2010 $1,893 $3,758 $23,079 $31,737
2011 $2,074 $3,901 $25,098 $32,547
2012 $2,126 $4,016 $25,459 $33,557
2013 $2,081 $4,137 $27,180 $34,244
2014 $2,180 $4,460 $29,253 $35,324
2015 $2,271 $4,846 $28,737 $37,908
2016 $2,307 $5,186 $29,280 $39,575
2017 $2,413 $5,621 $31,601 $40,957
2018 $2,465 $5,633 $33,447 $43,044
2019 $2,502 $5,785 $31,902 $43,865
2020 $2,308 $5,385 $31,721 $45,143
2021 $2,735 $6,203 $35,126 $48,420
2022 $3,003 $6,805 $32,395 $51,231
2023 $3,227 $7,178 $33,121 $52,204
2024 $3,426 $7,486 - -

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, Honduras' government spending was $9.52B, accounting for 26.7% of its GDP, while South Korea's spent $397B, or 23.3% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 43% in Honduras and 54.5% in South Korea, ranking 125/185 and 98/185, respectively.

Honduras
Government spending

Government debt
South Korea
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Honduras South Korea
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1960 12.2% 8.97% 17.9% 13.7%
1961 11.2% 8.22% 21.2% 13.4%
1962 10.5% 8.54% 22.3% 13%
1963 10.1% 9.02% 15.4% 9.21%
1964 11.4% 9.78% 12.1% 6.57%
1965 10.6% 8.97% 13.1% 6.14%
1966 11.4% 9.47% 16% 4.44%
1967 11.4% 9.72% 16.7% 3.74%
1968 11.6% 9.75% 18.5% 2.76%
1969 13.6% 13% 19.8% 2.63%
1970 15.2% 17.2% 17.5% 6.95%
1971 15.2% 19.8% 18.5% 14.2%
1972 12.6% 16.8% 18.5% 17.9%
1973 11.1% 16.6% 14.2% 17.5%
1974 11.7% 18.5% 16.1% 18.3%
1975 11.9% 24% 18.8% 21.1%
1976 11.5% 26.5% 17% 20%
1977 14.6% 28.2% 17.7% 19.7%
1978 13.1% 32.8% 15.7% 18%
1979 14.4% 36.1% 16.3% 15.5%
1980 16.2% 41% 16.8% 18.2%
1981 15.3% 48.1% 16.3% 18.5%
1982 18.7% 54.3% 17.8% 20.2%
1983 20.8% 57.6% 16% 19%
1984 22.4% 60.5% 15.6% 16.7%
1985 22.5% 65.7% 15.5% 16.1%
1986 19.8% 69.9% 14.9% 14.4%
1987 17.2% 73.6% 14.3% 15.2%
1988 16% 71.7% 13.9% 12.6%
1989 10.2% 68.4% 15% 12.3%
1990 16.4% 200.3% 15.2% 12.8%
1991 18.8% 122.2% 15.4% 11.9%
1992 20.5% 116.5% 15.5% 11.6%
1993 23.7% 108% 15.1% 10.9%
1994 19.2% 86.4% 15.4% 9.63%
1995 17.2% 65.4% 13.5% 8.48%
1996 18.7% 64.6% 14% 7.81%
1997 19.4% 70.8% 13.9% 9.69%
1998 19.4% 67.4% 16% 13.8%
1999 23.3% 75.8% 16.1% 15.8%
2000 22.1% 65.8% 16% 16.1%
2001 25.1% 63.4% 16.9% 16.6%
2002 26.8% 64.2% 15.9% 16.4%
2003 26.4% 67.8% 17.9% 19.1%
2004 25.5% 60.9% 18.5% 21.6%
2005 23.6% 55.6% 18.2% 24.9%
2006 24.4% 39.2% 18.7% 27%
2007 24.4% 24% 18.8% 26.3%
2008 26.4% 22.3% 19.1% 25.9%
2009 28.4% 23.8% 19.5% 28.8%
2010 26.5% 21.8% 17.9% 28.3%
2011 25.9% 24.8% 18.3% 31.7%
2012 26.4% 27.1% 18.8% 33.5%
2013 29.6% 37.3% 19% 36%
2014 27.6% 35.2% 18.8% 37.9%
2015 26% 38.5% 18.8% 38.8%
2016 27.4% 39.6% 18.5% 39.1%
2017 26.9% 41.5% 18.6% 38%
2018 26.2% 42.6% 19.3% 37.9%
2019 25.9% 43.5% 21.3% 39.7%
2020 28.4% 53.7% 23.7% 45.9%
2021 28.8% 51% 24.1% 48%
2022 24% 48.7% 26.7% 49.8%
2023 26.1% 44.9% 23.2% 50.7%
2024 25.7% 42.6% 22.8% 52.5%
2025 26.7% 43% 23.3% 54.5%

Government deficit by year

In 2023, Honduras' government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was -$348M, equivalent to -1.01% of GDP. This compares to South Korea's deficit of -$11.5B, or -0.67% of GDP.

Over the past 64 years, Honduras recorded a fiscal deficit in 54 of those years, while South Korea ran a deficit in 24 years. On average, Honduras posted an annual deficit equal to -2.01% of GDP, compared to deficit of -0.07% of GDP for South Korea.

Deficit/surplus
Honduras

South Korea
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Honduras South Korea
1927 0.37% -
1928 0.72% -
1929 -0.38% -
1930 -1.15% -
1931 -0.94% -
1932 -2.13% -
1933 2.06% -
1934 0.06% -
1935 0% -
1936 -0.76% -
1937 -1.37% -
1938 -0.74% -
1939 -0.52% -
1940 -0.43% -
1941 -0.26% -
1942 0% -
1943 -0.48% -
1944 -0.82% -
1945 0% -
1946 0.32% -
1947 -0.83% -
1948 0.52% -
1949 -1.92% -
1950 -0.44% -
1951 -1.04% -
1952 -3.21% -
1953 -2.96% -4.14%
1954 -2.91% -10.3%
1955 -0.42% -10.6%
1956 -1.81% -10.8%
1957 -1.01% -10.1%
1958 -1.16% -10%
1959 -1.31% -6.52%
1960 -1.22% -5.18%
1961 -1.05% -9.48%
1962 -0.71% -7.82%
1963 -0.39% -4.32%
1964 -1.77% -4.1%
1965 0.19% -3.43%
1966 -0.45% -4.27%
1967 -0.73% -2.87%
1968 -0.38% -2.36%
1969 -2.16% -2.85%
1970 -3.24% -0.52%
1971 -3.51% -1.3%
1972 -2.37% -4.33%
1973 -0.71% -1.72%
1974 -0.27% -2.78%
1975 -1.78% -3.68%
1976 -0.93% -0.87%
1977 -2.55% -1.81%
1978 -0.68% -0.27%
1979 -1.55% 0.47%
1980 -2.52% 0.46%
1981 -2.5% 0.99%
1982 -6.17% -0.41%
1983 -9.1% 1.05%
1984 -9.33% 0.78%
1985 -8.58% 0.47%
1986 -5.92% 0.8%
1987 -3.23% 1.7%
1988 -2.65% 2.85%
1989 2.08% 2.27%
1990 -1.82% 2.98%
1991 -1.95% 1.94%
1992 -1.41% 2.42%
1993 -5.03% 3.21%
1994 -0.98% 2.06%
1995 -0.24% 2.16%
1996 0.13% 2.3%
1997 0.08% 2.31%
1998 2.89% 1.09%
1999 1.38% 1.15%
2000 1.51% 3.91%
2001 -3.12% 2.42%
2002 -5.02% 3.23%
2003 -5.09% 1.51%
2004 -2.48% 0.09%
2005 -0.03% 0.95%
2006 -1.36% 1.18%
2007 -0.25% 2.49%
2008 -0.27% 1.58%
2009 -4.86% 0.24%
2010 -3.37% 1.61%
2011 -2.94% 1.72%
2012 -3.48% 1.63%
2013 -5.73% 0.79%
2014 -2.9% 0.57%
2015 -0.78% 0.5%
2016 -0.4% 1.56%
2017 -0.41% 2.08%
2018 0.2% 2.42%
2019 0.09% 0.35%
2020 -4.58% -2.11%
2021 -3.18% -0.02%
2022 1.66% -1.49%
2023 -1.01% -0.67%
2024 -0.81% -0.63%
2025 -1.46% -0.4%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 29 years, Honduras has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 7.81%, compared with 2.76% in South Korea. In 2024, inflation was 4.61% in Honduras and 2.32% in South Korea.

Inflation
Honduras

South Korea
Year Inflation
Honduras South Korea Honduras South Korea
1996 23.8% 4.92%
1997 20.2% 4.44%
1998 13.7% 7.51%
1999 11.7% 0.81%
2000 11% 2.26%
2001 9.67% 4.07%
2002 7.69% 2.76%
2003 7.67% 3.51%
2004 8.11% 3.59%
2005 8.81% 2.75%
2006 5.58% 2.24%
2007 6.94% 2.53%
2008 11.4% 4.67%
2009 5.5% 2.76%
2010 4.7% 2.94%
2011 6.76% 4.03%
2012 5.2% 2.19%
2013 5.16% 1.3%
2014 6.13% 1.27%
2015 3.16% 0.71%
2016 2.72% 0.97%
2017 3.93% 1.94%
2018 4.35% 1.48%
2019 4.37% 0.38%
2020 3.47% 0.54%
2021 4.48% 2.5%
2022 9.09% 5.09%
2023 6.66% 3.6%
2024 4.61% 2.32%

Top exports between countries

Honduras
Export category Export value
Raw agricultural goods $22.9M
Raw materials & minerals $22.1M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $16.2M
Metals $5.94M
Machinery & equipment $505K
Wood & paper products $99K
Textiles & consumer goods $4K
Chemicals & pharma $2K
South Korea
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $143M
Chemicals & pharma $29.8M
Textiles & consumer goods $8.11M
Raw materials & minerals $3.98M
Metals $3.1M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $599K
Wood & paper products $390K
Precious metals & jewellery $85K
Raw agricultural goods $26K
Animal & marine products $22K

Balance of trade

Honduras South Korea
Current account balance
-$1.71B
2024
$99B
2024
Current account balance ranking
137/189
2024
6/189
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-4.61%
2024
+1.92%
2023
Goods imports
$14.6B
2024
$596B
2024
Goods exports
$5.67B
2024
$696B
2024
Service imports
$3.66B
2024
$163B
2024
Service exports
$3.68B
2024
$139B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
57.6%
2024
43.9%
2023
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
33.5%
2024
44%
2023

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Honduras South Korea
Economic freedom 59.6 74
Economic freedom ranking 100/197 22/197
Property rights 38.1 89.4
Government integrity 25.1 68.8
Judicial effectiveness 27.1 77.3
Tax burden 84.5 59.6
Government spending 79.2 81.8
Fiscal health 94.8 93.8
Business freedom 65 90
Labor freedom 38.8 56.4
Monetary freedom 68.2 77.6
Trade freedom 69.4 73.2
Investment freedom 65 60
Financial freedom 60 60

Economic freedom by year comparison

The Economic Freedom Index for Honduras is 59.6, ranking 100/197, compared to 74 for South Korea, ranking 22/197. The chart below displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Honduras
South Korea
Year Economic freedom index
Honduras South Korea
1995 57 72
1996 56.6 73
1997 56 69.8
1998 56.2 73.3
1999 56.7 69.7
2000 57.6 69.7
2001 57 69.1
2002 58.7 69.5
2003 60.4 68.3
2004 55.3 67.8
2005 55.3 66.4
2006 57.4 67.5
2007 59.1 67.8
2008 58.9 68.6
2009 58.7 68.1
2010 58.3 69.9
2011 58.6 69.8
2012 58.8 69.9
2013 58.4 70.3
2014 57.1 71.2
2015 57.4 71.5
2016 57.7 71.7
2017 58.8 74.3
2018 60.6 73.8
2019 60.2 72.3
2020 61.1 74
2021 59.8 74
2022 59.5 74.6
2023 58.7 73.7
2024 58.6 73.1
2025 59.6 74

More economic indicators

Honduras South Korea
Services, % of GDP
58.4%
2024
58.4%
2023
Industry, % of GDP
26.1%
2024
31.6%
2023
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
11.2%
2024
1.6%
2023
GNI, Atlas method
$32.7B
2024
$1.84T
2023
GNI per capita, PPP
$6,900
2024
$53,180
2023
Total reserves including gold
$8.04B
2024
$418B
2024
Total reserves ranking
84/177
2024
8/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$620M
2024
$33.4B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$1.31B
2024
$15.2B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$689M
2024
$48.6B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
5.49%
2023
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
62.9%
2024
14.4%
2020
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
22.5%
2024
32.1%
2023

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Economy comparisons

Economy vs Honduras vs South Korea
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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.