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Economy of Honduras vs Peru compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Honduras has a GDP of $37.1B compared to $289B for Peru, ranking 104/197 and 49/197 by economy size, respectively.

Honduras has $17.5B in government debt (47.1% of GDP), compared to $93B (32.2% of GDP) in Peru.

Honduras vs Peru GDP by year

Honduras
Peru
1x
Year GDP, current $
Honduras Peru
2024 $37,093,565,854 $289,221,969,063
2023 $34,355,805,528 $266,958,720,838
2022 $31,426,041,807 $246,065,570,308
2021 $28,144,331,507 $226,328,766,460
2020 $23,352,232,484 $201,409,694,756
2019 $24,882,225,742 $228,346,006,004
2018 $24,067,750,760 $222,597,009,739
2017 $23,136,247,991 $211,007,984,081
2016 $21,717,604,952 $191,898,104,390
2015 $20,979,791,685 $189,802,976,286
2014 $19,756,533,972 $200,786,250,583
2013 $18,499,729,215 $201,175,543,571
2012 $18,528,554,398 $192,650,021,649
2011 $17,710,275,685 $171,761,737,047
2010 $15,839,344,592 $147,527,631,521
2009 $14,587,496,229 $120,822,986,521
2008 $13,881,731,876 $120,550,599,815
2007 $12,361,257,681 $102,170,981,144
2006 $10,917,477,066 $88,643,193,062
2005 $9,757,012,697 $76,060,606,061
2004 $8,869,299,234 $66,768,703,498
2003 $8,230,391,347 $58,731,030,122
2002 $7,858,255,413 $54,777,553,515
2001 $7,651,162,302 $52,030,158,775
2000 $7,186,638,029 $51,744,749,133
1999 $6,394,090,592 $50,187,324,568
1998 $6,163,707,533 $55,501,467,877
1997 $5,569,178,707 $58,147,522,523
1996 $4,798,834,459 $55,252,414,130
1995 $4,672,346,194 $53,312,793,687
1994 $4,105,686,899 $44,882,079,767
1993 $4,190,773,622 $34,832,077,221
1992 $4,122,846,905 $35,966,302,303
1991 $3,699,381,195 $34,341,465,998
1990 $3,734,460,117 $26,410,386,963
1989 $4,375,896,552 $22,499,558,526
1988 $4,892,660,944 $15,439,408,447
1987 $5,024,800,000 $36,889,706,593
1986 $4,706,100,000 $21,859,448,586
1985 $4,328,300,000 $15,078,736,875
1984 $4,029,900,000 $17,600,400,385
1983 $3,840,550,000 $17,345,260,564
1982 $3,619,500,000 $21,794,535,621
1981 $3,501,800,000 $21,648,214,893
1980 $3,184,400,000 $18,136,838,538
1979 $2,778,900,000 $15,954,012,439
1978 $2,393,650,000 $12,491,876,743
1977 $1,900,700,000 $14,544,913,961
1976 $1,589,300,000 $16,131,958,851
1975 $1,330,050,000 $16,931,162,355
1974 $1,243,000,000 $13,858,441,211
1973 $1,128,299,436 $10,994,381,895
1972 $1,030,645,362 $9,189,413,409
1971 $958,450,000 $8,289,582,884
1970 $904,400,000 $7,432,223,177
1969 $844,400,000 $6,420,909,790
1968 $815,450,000 $5,736,083,835
1967 $750,950,000 $6,194,340,080
1966 $692,150,000 $6,109,048,737
1965 $651,050,000 $5,163,008,077
1964 $591,100,000 $4,353,664,867
1963 $553,500,000 $3,598,272,493
1962 $532,450,000 $3,284,322,201
1961 $503,300,000 $2,897,852,693
1960 $475,650,000 $2,571,986,572

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/honduras/peru | CC BY

GDP per capita in Honduras vs Peru by year

Honduras
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Peru
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Honduras Peru
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $3,426 $7,486 $8,452 $17,802
2023 $3,227 $7,178 $7,888 $17,011
2022 $3,003 $6,805 $7,351 $16,669
2021 $2,735 $6,203 $6,826 $15,281
2020 $2,308 $5,385 $6,133 $12,563
2019 $2,502 $5,785 $7,037 $13,564
2018 $2,465 $5,633 $6,978 $13,078
2017 $2,413 $5,621 $6,736 $12,592
2016 $2,307 $5,186 $6,217 $12,067
2015 $2,271 $4,846 $6,232 $11,600
2014 $2,180 $4,460 $6,667 $11,518
2013 $2,081 $4,137 $6,747 $11,291
2012 $2,126 $4,016 $6,519 $10,757
2011 $2,074 $3,901 $5,861 $10,463
2010 $1,893 $3,758 $5,072 $9,713
2009 $1,781 $3,656 $4,181 $8,917
2008 $1,732 $3,806 $4,198 $8,820
2007 $1,578 $3,664 $3,581 $7,982
2006 $1,426 $3,438 $3,130 $7,214
2005 $1,305 $3,204 $2,707 $6,560
2004 $1,215 $3,001 $2,397 $6,038
2003 $1,156 $2,821 $2,129 $5,657
2002 $1,132 $2,715 $2,007 $5,383
2001 $1,132 $2,645 $1,930 $5,086
2000 $1,093 $2,587 $1,945 $5,012
1999 $999 $2,372 $1,917 $4,847
1998 $989 $2,152 $2,156 $4,791
1997 $917 $1,959 $2,301 $4,844
1996 $813 $1,617 $2,227 $4,556
1995 $814 $1,329 $2,190 $4,435
1994 $736 $1,074 $1,879 $4,123
1993 $773 $838 $1,488 $3,666
1992 $782 $741 $1,567 $3,472
1991 $722 $684 $1,527 $3,484
1990 $750 $540 $1,200 $3,367
1989 $904 - $1,045 -
1988 $1,039 - $733 -
1987 $1,098 - $1,792 -
1986 $1,058 - $1,087 -
1985 $1,001 - $767 -
1984 $960 - $918 -
1983 $942 - $927 -
1982 $914 - $1,194 -
1981 $912 - $1,216 -
1980 $854 - $1,045 -
1979 $769 - $942 -
1978 $683 - $756 -
1977 $559 - $903 -
1976 $482 - $1,026 -
1975 $417 - $1,104 -
1974 $401 - $927 -
1973 $375 - $754 -
1972 $353 - $647 -
1971 $338 - $599 -
1970 $329 - $550 -
1969 $316 - $488 -
1968 $314 - $448 -
1967 $298.2 - $498 -
1966 $282.9 - $505 -
1965 $273.9 - $439 -
1964 $255.9 - $381 -
1963 $246.6 - $324 -
1962 $244 - $305 -
1961 $237.3 - $276.6 -
1960 $230.7 - $252.8 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/honduras/peru | CC BY

Honduras' GDP per capita is $3,426, ranking 136/197, compared to $8,452 in Peru, ranking 91/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Honduras ranks 146th at $7,486, while Peru ranks 104th at $17,802.

Economic indicators

Honduras Peru
Gross domestic product
$37.1B
2024
$289B
2024
GDP rank
104/197
2024
49/197
2024
GDP growth
3.55%
2023-2024
3.3%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$3,426
2024
$8,452
2024
GDP per capita rank
136/197
2024
91/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$7,486
2024
$17,802
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
146/197
2024
104/197
2024
Government debt
$17.5B
2024
$93B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
47.1%
2024
32.2%
2024
Government debt per person
$1,613
2024
$2,717
2024
Government debt per person rank
126/185
2024
108/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$4,901
2026
$7,290
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$82.2B
2024
Income share by richest 10%
32.3%
2024
30.3%
2024
Income share by poorest 10%
1.2%
2024
2%
2024
Government expenditure, % of GDP
25.7%
2024
22.3%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
4.61%
2023-2024
2.01%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
5.75%
2024
4.25%
2025
Unemployment rate
4.91%
2024
4.86%
2024
Population
11237619
35031596

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Honduras
Spending

Debt
Peru
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Honduras Peru
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 25.7% 47.1% 22.3% 32.2%
2023 27.2% 47.9% 22.1% 32.4%
2022 24% 51% 23.1% 33.5%
2021 28.8% 50.3% 23.1% 35.5%
2020 28.4% 52.5% 25.6% 34.3%
2019 25.9% 44.1% 20.8% 26.5%
2018 26.2% 43.5% 21% 25.7%
2017 26.9% 43.6% 20.6% 24.8%
2016 27.4% 40.3% 20.5% 23.9%
2015 26% 42.3% 22% 23.7%
2014 26.4% 43% 22.4% 20.5%
2013 28% 42.1% 21.5% 19.9%
2012 26.4% 32.4% 20.3% 20.7%
2011 25.9% 31.5% 19.8% 23.1%
2010 26.5% 28.9% 21% 25.1%
2009 28.4% 23.8% 21.3% 28.2%
2008 26.4% 22.3% 19.9% 28.1%
2007 24.4% 24% 18.6% 31.9%
2006 24.4% 39.2% 19.2% 34.9%
2005 23.6% 55.6% 20.4% 40.4%
2004 25.5% 60.9% 19.6% 46.7%
2003 26.4% 67.8% 20.1% 49.4%
2002 26.8% 64.2% 19.6% 45.5%
2001 25.1% 63.4% 20.9% 43.8%
2000 22.1% 65.8% 21.7% 44.9%
1999 23.3% 75.8% 17.8% 41.1%
1998 19.4% 67.4% 16.3% 36.8%
1997 19.4% 70.8% 15.6% 34.5%
1996 18.7% 64.6% 16.5% 37.4%
1995 17.2% 65.4% 17.5% 36.8%
1994 19.2% 86.4% 16.9% 41.9%
1993 23.7% 108% 18.2% 49.9%
1992 20.5% 116.5% 19.1% 46.8%
1991 18.8% 122.2% 15.7% 48.3%
1990 16.4% 200.3% 20.4% 56.3%
1989 10.2% 68.4% 12.1% 34.9%
1988 16% 71.7% 12.8% 42.8%
1987 17.2% 73.6% 15.5% 39.1%
1986 19.8% 69.9% 16.6% 48.6%
1985 22.5% 65.7% 17.2% 63.4%
1984 22.4% 60.5% 18.3% 56.7%
1983 20.8% 57.6% 19.4% 56.2%
1982 18.7% 54.3% 17.6% 34.2%
1981 15.3% 48.1% 18.4% 30.6%
1980 16.2% 41% 19.3% 36.3%
1979 14.4% 36.1% 16.4% 45.9%
1978 13.1% 32.8% 19% 56%
1977 14.6% 28.2% 19.4% 44.8%
1976 11.5% 26.5% 21.1% 34.5%
1975 11.9% 24% 19.8% 27%
1974 11.7% 18.5% 17.7% 24%
1973 11.1% 16.6% 19.5% 22.6%
1972 12.6% 16.8% 15.3% 20.6%
1971 15.2% 19.8% 15% 19%
1970 15.2% 17.2% 14.3% 20%
1969 13.6% 13% 16.4% -
1968 11.6% 9.75% 18.4% 15.2%
1967 11.4% 9.72% 19.1% 12.1%
1966 11.4% 9.47% 18.6% 17%
1965 10.6% 8.97% 18.7% 14.5%
1964 11.4% 9.78% 16.9% 14.1%
1963 10.1% 9.02% 16.2% -
1962 10.5% 8.54% 14.6% -
1961 11.2% 8.22% 14.8% 16%
1960 12.2% 8.97% 13.3% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1999, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/honduras/peru | CC BY

In 2024, Honduras' government spending was $9.52B, accounting for 25.7% of its GDP, while Peru spent $64.4B, or 22.3% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 47.1% in Honduras and 32.2% in Peru, ranking 115/185 and 154/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Honduras

Peru
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Honduras Peru
2024 -1.12% -3.54%
2023 -1.96% -2.78%
2022 1.57% -1.38%
2021 -3.17% -2.49%
2020 -4.58% -8.16%
2019 0.09% -1.37%
2018 0.2% -1.94%
2017 -0.41% -2.79%
2016 -0.4% -2.12%
2015 -0.78% -2.02%
2014 -2.81% -0.19%
2013 -5.48% 0.75%
2012 -3.48% 2.07%
2011 -2.94% 2.05%
2010 -3.37% -0.02%
2009 -4.86% -1.48%
2008 -0.27% 2.48%
2007 -0.25% 3.35%
2006 -1.36% 2.03%
2005 -0.03% -0.44%
2004 -2.48% -1.03%
2003 -5.09% -1.62%
2002 -5.02% -1.4%
2001 -3.12% -2.15%
2000 1.51% -2.12%
1999 1.38% -2.93%
1998 2.89% -0.2%
1997 0.08% 0.47%
1996 0.13% -0.25%
1995 -0.24% -2.05%
1994 -0.98% -1.9%
1993 -5.03% -2.82%
1992 -1.41% -3.55%
1991 -1.95% -1.98%
1990 -1.82% -7.99%
1989 2.08% -1.3%
1988 -2.65% -3.57%
1987 -3.23% -6.26%
1986 -5.92% -4.08%
1985 -8.58% -2.41%
1984 -9.33% -4.45%
1983 -9.1% -7.52%
1982 -6.17% -3.22%
1981 -2.5% -3.98%
1980 -2.52% -2.36%
1979 -1.55% -0.54%
1978 -0.68% -5.07%
1977 -2.55% -6.52%
1976 -0.93% -8.37%
1975 -1.78% -6.54%
1974 -0.27% -4.47%
1973 -0.71% -6.68%
1972 -2.37% -2.04%
1971 -3.51% -1.89%
1970 -3.24% -0.42%
1969 -2.16% -1.1%
1968 -0.38% -3.28%
1967 -0.73% -3.76%
1966 -0.45% -5.41%
1965 0.19% -4.79%
1964 -1.77% -3.37%
1963 -0.39% -1.86%
1962 -0.71% 2.16%
1961 -1.05% 2.46%
1960 -1.22% 3.32%
1959 -1.31% -1.46%
1958 -1.16% -2.63%
1957 -1.01% -2.23%
1956 -1.81% -0.93%
1955 -0.42% 0.06%
1954 -2.91% -0.66%
1953 -2.96% -2.35%
1952 -3.21% 0.04%
1951 -1.04% 0.61%
1950 -0.44% 0.08%
1949 -1.92% 0.26%
1948 0.52% -0.84%
1947 -0.83% -0.54%
1946 0.32% -1.39%
1945 0% 0%
1944 -0.82% 0%
1943 -0.48% 0.18%
1942 0% -2.38%
1941 -0.26% -1.76%
1940 -0.43% 0.27%
1939 -0.52% -1.01%
1938 -0.74% -1.57%
1937 -1.37% 0.18%
1936 -0.76% 0.18%
1935 0% 0.09%
1934 0.06% 0.11%
1933 2.06% 0.02%
1932 -2.13% -0.57%
1931 -0.94% -0.28%
1930 -1.15% -0.67%
1929 -0.38% 0.008%
1928 0.72% -1.88%
1927 0.37% 0%
1926 - -1.84%
1925 - -1.69%
1924 - -1.31%
1923 - -0.85%
1922 - -1.24%
1921 - -1.53%
1920 - -0.4%
1919 - -0.26%
1918 - -0.34%
1917 - -0.25%
1916 - 0.27%
1915 - -0.74%
1914 - -1.59%
1913 - -3.04%
1912 - -0.45%
1911 - 0.32%
1910 - 0.16%
1909 - -0.33%
1908 - -0.18%
1907 - 0.18%
1906 - 0.38%
1905 - 0.2%
1904 - 0.22%
1903 - 0.24%
1902 - 0.26%
1901 - 0.26%
1900 - 0%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1900–1999, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/honduras/peru | CC BY

In 2024, Honduras' government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $415M, equivalent to 1.12% of GDP. This compares to Peru's deficit of $10.2B, or 3.54% of GDP.

Over the past 65 years, Honduras recorded a fiscal deficit in 55 of those years, while Peru ran a deficit in 55 years. On average, Honduras posted an annual deficit equal to 2.01% of GDP, compared to deficit of 2.26% of GDP for Peru.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Honduras

Peru
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Honduras Peru
2024 4.61% 2.01%
2023 6.66% 6.46%
2022 9.09% 8.33%
2021 4.48% 4.27%
2020 3.47% 2%
2019 4.37% 2.25%
2018 4.35% 1.51%
2017 3.93% 2.99%
2016 2.72% 3.56%
2015 3.16% 3.4%
2014 6.13% 3.41%
2013 5.16% 2.77%
2012 5.2% 3.61%
2011 6.76% 3.37%
2010 4.7% 1.53%
2009 5.5% 2.94%
2008 11.4% 5.79%
2007 6.94% 1.78%
2006 5.58% 2%
2005 8.81% 1.62%
2004 8.11% 3.66%
2003 7.67% 2.26%
2002 7.69% 0.19%
2001 9.67% 1.98%
2000 11% 3.76%
1999 11.7% 3.47%
1998 13.7% 7.25%
1997 20.2% 8.56%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/honduras/peru | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Honduras has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 7.24%, compared with 3.45% in Peru. In 2024, inflation was 4.61% in Honduras and 2.01% in Peru.

Top exports between countries

Honduras
Export category Export value
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $3.15M
Chemicals & pharma $1.34M
Wood & paper products $841K
Metals $579K
Miscellaneous $290K
Machinery & equipment $203K
Textiles & consumer goods $45K
Raw materials & minerals $6K
Raw agricultural goods $5K
Precious metals & jewellery $2K
Peru
Export category Export value
Metals $55.8M
Chemicals & pharma $16.5M
Raw materials & minerals $15.3M
Raw agricultural goods $13M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $11.4M
Textiles & consumer goods $6.41M
Machinery & equipment $3.83M
Weapons & explosives $2.65M
Wood & paper products $1.8M
Miscellaneous $1.02M

Balance of trade

Honduras Peru
Current account balance
-$1.65B
2024
$6.39B
2024
Current account balance ranking
137/190
2024
29/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-4.45%
2024
+2.21%
2024
Goods imports
$14.6B
2024
$52.1B
2024
Goods exports
$5.67B
2024
$76.2B
2024
Service imports
$3.67B
2024
$15.1B
2024
Service exports
$3.75B
2024
$7.15B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
57.6%
2024
22.9%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
33.5%
2024
28.5%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Honduras Peru
Economic freedom 59.1 66.3
Economic freedom ranking 105/197 62/197
Property rights 35.7 44
Government integrity 24.6 35
Judicial effectiveness 27.6 47.8
Tax burden 83.1 79.4
Government spending 80.3 84.8
Fiscal health 95.2 87.4
Business freedom 59.4 73.1
Labor freedom 37.9 64.7
Monetary freedom 70.1 77.6
Trade freedom 69.8 81.6
Investment freedom 65 60
Financial freedom 60 60

Economic freedom comparison by year

Honduras
Peru
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Honduras Peru
2026 59.1 66.3
2025 59.6 65.9
2024 58.6 64.8
2023 58.7 66.5
2022 59.5 66.5
2021 59.8 67.7
2020 61.1 67.9
2019 60.2 67.8
2018 60.6 68.7
2017 58.8 68.9
2016 57.7 67.4
2015 57.4 67.7
2014 57.1 67.4
2013 58.4 68.2
2012 58.8 68.7
2011 58.6 68.6
2010 58.3 67.6
2009 58.7 64.6
2008 58.9 63.8
2007 59.1 62.7
2006 57.4 60.5
2005 55.3 61.3
2004 55.3 64.7
2003 60.4 64.6
2002 58.7 64.8
2001 57 69.6
2000 57.6 68.7
1999 56.7 69.2
1998 56.2 65
1997 56 63.8
1996 56.6 62.5
1995 57 56.9

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/honduras/peru | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Honduras is 59.1, ranking 105/197, compared to 66.3 for Peru, ranking 62/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Honduras Peru
Services, % of GDP
58.4%
2024
51.3%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
26.1%
2024
34%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
11.2%
2024
7.34%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$32.7B
2024
$257B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$6,900
2024
$16,780
2024
Total reserves including gold
$8.04B
2024
$79.2B
2024
Total reserves ranking
84/177
2024
33/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$620M
2024
-$5.63B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$1.31B
2024
$6.8B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$689M
2024
$1.17B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
5.23%
2024
5.58%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
62.9%
2024
27.6%
2024
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
22.5%
2024
19.4%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1900–1999, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2023–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.