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Economy of Solomon Islands vs United Kingdom compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

The Solomon Islands has a GDP of $1.75B compared to $4T for the United Kingdom, ranking 183/197 and 5/197 by economy size, respectively.

The Solomon Islands has $501M in government debt (28.7% of GDP), compared to $4.1T (102.3% of GDP) in the United Kingdom.

Solomon Islands vs United Kingdom GDP by year

Solomon Islands
United Kingdom
1x
Year GDP, current $
Solomon Islands United Kingdom
2025 $1,749,572,443 $4,002,587,541,846
2024 $1,583,964,704 $3,695,539,513,534
2023 $1,506,124,566 $3,420,796,653,789
2022 $1,466,670,930 $3,181,244,350,465
2021 $1,558,312,104 $3,194,559,188,926
2020 $1,536,143,428 $2,724,001,478,305
2019 $1,619,150,564 $2,875,710,080,015
2018 $1,615,473,250 $2,897,028,009,916
2017 $1,469,790,526 $2,699,118,387,873
2016 $1,379,486,291 $2,706,807,606,539
2015 $1,307,908,814 $2,945,579,890,258
2014 $1,335,576,763 $3,085,362,169,410
2013 $1,285,905,958 $2,796,908,333,283
2012 $1,185,217,634 $2,719,715,961,540
2011 $1,063,898,227 $2,675,590,034,129
2010 $898,128,551 $2,496,740,681,057
2009 $805,557,289 $2,429,358,155,476
2008 $776,335,523 $2,945,251,838,235
2007 $695,291,218 $3,104,699,879,952
2006 $617,257,458 $2,719,558,417,663
2005 $552,881,357 $2,551,361,818,182
2004 $468,000,121 $2,429,774,807,763
2003 $417,666,639 $2,061,227,755,102
2002 $346,406,739 $1,790,536,570,743
2001 $409,508,553 $1,656,171,009,069
2000 $419,842,674 $1,671,597,821,153
1999 $488,024,514 $1,693,458,987,219
1998 $457,579,840 $1,660,821,464,061
1997 $526,554,006 $1,569,317,288,802
1996 $510,586,430 $1,425,287,051,482
1995 $469,443,202 $1,349,094,208,616
1994 $402,837,005 $1,140,489,745,944
1993 $300,746,361 $1,061,388,722,256
1992 $269,034,596 $1,179,659,529,660
1991 $227,540,473 $1,142,797,178,131
1990 $214,877,667 $1,093,169,389,205
1989 $172,882,411 $926,884,816,754
1988 $176,494,394 $910,122,732,124
1987 $155,128,542 $745,162,608,269
1986 $147,620,048 $601,452,653,181
1985 $165,524,943 $489,285,164,271
1984 $181,570,474 $461,487,097,632
1983 $181,220,399 $489,618,008,186
1982 $192,902,019 $515,048,916,841
1981 $193,750,541 $540,765,675,241
1980 $182,852,107 $564,947,710,899
1979 $151,276,496 $438,994,070,309
1978 $111,027,427 $335,883,029,722
1977 $93,145,283 $263,066,457,352
1976 $83,100,834 $232,614,555,256
1975 $74,620,320 $241,756,637,168
1974 $84,539,332 $206,131,369,799
1973 $55,272,109 $192,537,971,583
1972 $40,606,712 $169,965,034,965
1971 $50,056,883 $148,113,896,325
1970 - $130,671,946,244
1969 $28,606,411 $116,464,702,803
1968 $28,084,253 $107,759,910,068
1967 $25,203,524 $113,116,888,211
1966 - $108,572,752,102
1965 - $101,824,755,079
1964 - $94,407,558,351
1963 - $86,561,961,812
1962 - $81,247,564,157
1961 - $77,741,965,703
1960 - $73,233,967,692

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/solomon-islands/united-kingdom | CC BY

GDP per capita in Solomon Islands vs United Kingdom by year

Solomon Islands
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
United Kingdom
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Solomon Islands United Kingdom
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $2,086 - $57,602 -
2024 $1,934 $2,675 $53,341 $62,009
2023 $1,883 $2,597 $49,920 $59,911
2022 $1,878 $2,496 $47,035 $59,022
2021 $2,043 $2,450 $47,696 $51,004
2020 $2,063 $2,405 $40,815 $48,230
2019 $2,224 $2,512 $43,161 $50,065
2018 $2,278 $2,494 $43,704 $47,212
2017 $2,144 $2,454 $40,918 $46,113
2016 $2,083 $2,421 $41,259 $44,085
2015 $2,045 $2,354 $45,256 $42,515
2014 $2,165 $2,377 $47,747 $41,267
2013 $2,161 $2,394 $43,608 $39,948
2012 $2,066 $2,320 $42,688 $38,337
2011 $1,924 $2,306 $42,296 $37,224
2010 $1,685 $2,182 $39,778 $36,484
2009 $1,555 $2,021 $39,009 $35,042
2008 $1,526 $1,989 $47,652 $36,745
2007 $1,390 $1,869 $50,629 $35,522
2006 $1,256 $1,786 $44,695 $34,727
2005 $1,144 $1,693 $42,240 $32,726
2004 $986 $1,556 $40,504 $32,051
2003 $896 $1,433 $34,557 $30,314
2002 $757 $1,344 $30,159 $29,089
2001 $912 $1,387 $28,014 $27,913
2000 $953 $1,503 $28,384 $26,536
1999 $1,134 $1,754 $28,858 $24,494
1998 $1,092 $1,785 $28,396 $23,689
1997 $1,292 $1,793 $26,910 $23,071
1996 $1,289 $1,830 $24,503 $21,947
1995 $1,220 $1,820 $23,253 $20,595
1994 $1,078 $1,668 $19,709 $19,605
1993 $829 $1,556 $18,389 $18,336
1992 $764 $1,505 $20,487 $17,349
1991 $666 $1,346 $19,901 $16,791
1990 $648 $1,266 $19,095 $16,505
1989 $538 - $16,239 -
1988 $567 - $15,987 -
1987 $515 - $13,119 -
1986 $506 - $10,611 -
1985 $586 - $8,652 -
1984 $665 - $8,179 -
1983 $686 - $8,692 -
1982 $756 - $9,146 -
1981 $786 - $9,599 -
1980 $768 - $10,032 -
1979 $658 - $7,805 -
1978 $500 - $5,977 -
1977 $434 - $4,681 -
1976 $401 - $4,138 -
1975 $372 - $4,300 -
1974 $433 - $3,666 -
1973 $291.3 - $3,426 -
1972 $219.5 - $3,030 -
1971 $277.1 - $2,650 -
1970 - - $2,348 -
1969 $165.9 - $2,101 -
1968 $166.9 - $1,952 -
1967 $153.5 - $2,059 -
1966 - - $1,987 -
1965 - - $1,874 -
1964 - - $1,748 -
1963 - - $1,613 -
1962 - - $1,526 -
1961 - - $1,472 -
1960 - - $1,398 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/solomon-islands/united-kingdom | CC BY

The Solomon Islands' GDP per capita is $2,086, ranking 157/197, compared to $57,602 in the United Kingdom, ranking 21/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), the Solomon Islands ranks 183rd at $2,675, while the United Kingdom ranks 32nd at $62,009.

Economic indicators

Solomon Islands United Kingdom
Gross domestic product
$1.75B
2025
$4T
2025
GDP rank
183/197
2025
5/197
2025
GDP growth
3.62%
2024-2025
1.39%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$2,086
2025
$57,602
2025
GDP per capita rank
157/197
2025
21/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$2,675
2024
$62,009
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
183/197
2024
32/197
2024
Government debt
$501M
2025
$4.1T
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
28.7%
2025
102.3%
2025
Government debt per person
$598
2025
$58,936
2025
Government debt per person rank
162/185
2025
7/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$1,986
2026
$43,539
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$3.1T
2022
Number of millionaires n/a
2,428,000
2026
Number of billionaires n/a
56
2026
Income share by richest 10%
29.2%
2012
25%
2021
Income share by poorest 10%
2.8%
2012
2.9%
2021
Government expenditure, % of GDP
40.6%
2025
43.6%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
3.36%
2024-2025
3.88%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate n/a
3.75%
2025
Unemployment rate
0.69%
2013
4.9%
2025
Population
868694
70071289

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Solomon Islands
Spending

Debt
United Kingdom
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Solomon Islands United Kingdom
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 40.6% 28.7% 43.6% 102.3%
2024 39.6% 26.1% 43.7% 99.9%
2023 44.2% 22.3% 44.2% 98.9%
2022 43.5% 16.5% 43.2% 97.5%
2021 36.9% 16.1% 44.9% 103.4%
2020 40.4% 9.15% 49.3% 104.8%
2019 35.6% 7.82% 38.3% 84.9%
2018 34.8% 7.95% 38.5% 85.6%
2017 40.4% 8.77% 38.8% 86.1%
2016 39.6% 7.54% 39.3% 87.3%
2015 41.5% 7.88% 40.1% 87.3%
2014 39.8% 10.1% 40.8% 86.5%
2013 41.8% 11.6% 41.6% 84.9%
2012 29.4% 13.3% 43.3% 84.1%
2011 26.7% 18.1% 43.3% 81.1%
2010 22.6% 21.6% 44.5% 75.5%
2009 22.7% 17.2% 44.2% 64.5%
2008 24.3% 26.1% 40.6% 50.6%
2007 21.1% 29.5% 38.4% 43%
2006 17.4% 36.9% 38.2% 41.9%
2005 14.7% 38.5% 38.3% 40.9%
2004 12.5% 49.4% 37.9% 39.7%
2003 12.6% 51.8% 37% 36.6%
2002 14.1% 55.5% 35.8% 35.3%
2001 15.3% 44.6% 34.5% 34.8%
2000 15.8% 37.4% 33.8% 37.5%
1999 15.8% 35.4% 33.7% 40.3%
1998 13.1% 33.3% 34.3% 41.8%
1997 16.3% 21.9% 34.7% 43.9%
1996 20.4% - 35.6% 43.5%
1995 20.8% - 37.5% 43.5%
1994 25.5% - 37.4% 40.6%
1993 28.1% - 37.6% 37.8%
1992 29.6% - 37.7% 33.1%
1991 33.2% - 35.7% 28.4%
1990 25.4% - 34.9% 28.4%
1989 - - 39.7% 31.4%
1988 - - 40.3% 36.6%
1987 - - 42.7% 41.8%
1986 - - 44.6% 42.9%
1985 - - 48.7% 42.9%
1984 - - 50.3% 44.1%
1983 - - 50.4% 44.2%
1982 - - 50.8% 44.7%
1981 - - 51.2% 41.1%
1980 - - 47.6% 43.7%
1979 - - 45.1% 44.5%
1978 - - 46.2% 47.3%
1977 - - 46.8% 53.7%
1976 - - 49.2% 47.7%
1975 - - 49.1% 49.6%
1974 - - 47.8% 56.2%
1973 - - 43.5% 58.5%
1972 - - 42.3% 65%
1971 - - 41.2% 67.9%
1970 - - 42% 73.4%
1969 - - 39.2% 82.8%
1968 - - 40.3% 88.5%
1967 - - 40.1% 89.1%
1966 - - 35.7% 91.9%
1965 - - 34.6% 94.6%
1964 - - 32.8% 101.1%
1963 - - 37.4% 108.6%
1962 - - 33.8% 110.5%
1961 - - 31.5% 113.8%
1960 - - 33.1% 117.9%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/solomon-islands/united-kingdom | CC BY

In 2025, the Solomon Islands' government spending was $711M, accounting for 40.6% of its GDP, while the United Kingdom spent $1.75T, or 43.6% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 28.7% in the Solomon Islands and 102.3% in the United Kingdom, ranking 158/185 and 22/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Solomon Islands

United Kingdom
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Solomon Islands United Kingdom
2025 -3.24% -5.38%
2024 -2.09% -6.06%
2023 -4.13% -6.05%
2022 -2.7% -4.6%
2021 -1.82% -7.54%
2020 -2.44% -12.9%
2019 -1.52% -2.38%
2018 1.49% -2.23%
2017 -2.27% -2.48%
2016 -3.56% -3.28%
2015 0.81% -4.53%
2014 2.13% -5.47%
2013 3.57% -5.29%
2012 4.63% -7.96%
2011 6.14% -7.42%
2010 5.67% -9.25%
2009 2.15% -9.97%
2008 1.75% -5.05%
2007 13.7% -2.63%
2006 11.3% -2.74%
2005 11.5% -3.13%
2004 14.5% -3.14%
2003 8.91% -3.19%
2002 -3.67% -1.95%
2001 -2.02% 0.34%
2000 -2.47% 1.4%
1999 -0.27% 0.76%
1998 4.25% -0.21%
1997 1.8% -2%
1996 3.15% -3.63%
1995 2.69% -4.97%
1994 3.65% -5.72%
1993 2.07% -6.6%
1992 3.48% -5.39%
1991 0.12% -2.76%
1990 0.49% -1.53%
1989 - 0.77%
1988 - 0.46%
1987 - -1.79%
1986 - -2.56%
1985 - -5.57%
1984 - -6.39%
1983 - -6.26%
1982 - -5.66%
1981 - -7.03%
1980 - -5.65%
1979 - -5.79%
1978 - -6.63%
1977 - -4.41%
1976 - -5.61%
1975 - -5.08%
1974 - -4.06%
1973 - -4.29%
1972 - -1.66%
1971 - 1.48%
1970 - 2.61%
1969 - 1.03%
1968 - -2.3%
1967 - -4.57%
1966 - -1.59%
1965 - -2.06%
1964 - -1.76%
1963 - -5.47%
1962 - -0.49%
1961 - 0.56%
1960 - -2.75%
1959 - -0.58%
1958 - -1.73%
1957 - -1.04%
1956 - 0.55%
1955 - -0.39%
1954 - -1.65%
1953 - -2.84%
1952 - -1.26%
1951 - 2.03%
1950 - 0.34%
1949 - 3.01%
1948 - -0.39%
1947 - -15.8%
1946 - -22.5%
1945 - -30.9%
1944 - -29.7%
1943 - -33.3%
1942 - -31.6%
1941 - -32%
1940 - -12.1%
1939 - -2.99%
1938 - 0%
1937 - 0.82%
1936 - 0.17%
1935 - 0.37%
1934 - 0.48%
1933 - 0.99%
1932 - -0.15%
1931 - 0.8%
1930 - 1.01%
1929 - 0.75%
1928 - 1.75%
1927 - 1.62%
1926 - 0.6%
1925 - 0.84%
1924 - 1.19%
1923 - 2.23%
1922 - 2.45%
1921 - 1.15%
1920 - 4.2%
1919 - -6.28%
1918 - -34.4%
1917 - -48.8%
1916 - -50.6%
1915 - -30%
1914 - -14.6%
1913 - 0.25%
1912 - 0.22%
1911 - 0.51%
1910 - 1.75%
1909 - -1.25%
1908 - 0.34%
1907 - 0.66%
1906 - 0.58%
1905 - 0.36%
1904 - 0.2%
1903 - -0.22%
1902 - -1.77%
1901 - -2.74%
1900 - -2.96%
1899 - -0.79%
1898 - 0.01%
1897 - 0.25%
1896 - 0.17%
1895 - 0.3%
1894 - 0.06%
1893 - -0.007%
1892 - 0.14%
1891 - 0.19%
1890 - 0.23%
1889 - 0.3%
1888 - 0.27%
1887 - 0.25%
1886 - 0.07%
1885 - -0.21%
1884 - -0.04%
1883 - 0.06%
1882 - 0.02%
1881 - 0.06%
1880 - 0.1%
1879 - -0.86%
1878 - -0.18%
1877 - -0.18%
1876 - 0.09%
1875 - 0%
1874 - 0.09%
1873 - 0%
1872 - 0.55%
1871 - 0.29%
1870 - 0%
1869 - 0.77%
1868 - -0.45%
1867 - -0.45%
1866 - 0.11%
1865 - 0%
1864 - 0.24%
1863 - 0%
1862 - -0.13%
1861 - -0.4%
1860 - -0.43%
1859 - 0%
1858 - -0.15%
1857 - -0.15%
1856 - -0.6%
1855 - -3.57%
1854 - -3.39%
1853 - 0.5%
1852 - 0.35%
1851 - 0.35%
1850 - 0.37%
1849 - 0.34%
1848 - -0.17%
1847 - -6.13%
1846 - 0.52%
1845 - 0.56%
1844 - 0.59%
1843 - 0.44%
1842 - -0.87%
1841 - -0.42%
1840 - -0.2%
1839 - -0.18%
1838 - -0.19%
1837 - -0.21%
1836 - 0.59%
1835 - 0.42%
1834 - 0.23%
1833 - 0.24%
1832 - 0%
1831 - 0%
1830 - 0.45%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1830–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/solomon-islands/united-kingdom | CC BY

In 2025, the Solomon Islands' government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $56.6M, equivalent to 3.24% of GDP. This compares to the United Kingdom's deficit of $215B, or 5.38% of GDP.

Over the past 36 years, the Solomon Islands recorded a fiscal deficit in 13 of those years, while the United Kingdom ran a deficit in 33 years. On average, the Solomon Islands posted an annual surplus equal to 2.16% of GDP, compared to deficit of 4.3% of GDP for the United Kingdom.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Solomon Islands

United Kingdom
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Solomon Islands United Kingdom
2025 3.36% 3.88%
2024 4.32% 3.27%
2023 5.89% 6.79%
2022 5.52% 7.92%
2021 -0.12% 2.52%
2020 2.96% 0.99%
2019 1.63% 1.74%
2018 3.46% 2.29%
2017 0.49% 2.56%
2016 0.51% 1.01%
2015 -0.57% 0.37%
2014 5.17% 1.45%
2013 5.39% 2.29%
2012 5.91% 2.57%
2011 7.34% 3.86%
2010 1.05% 2.49%
2009 7.09% 1.96%
2008 17.3% 3.52%
2007 7.67% 2.39%
2006 11.2% 2.46%
2005 7.33% 2.09%
2004 6.99% 1.39%
2003 8.27% 1.38%
2002 10.9% 1.52%
2001 6.93% 1.53%
2000 7.89% 1.18%
1999 8.02% 1.75%
1998 12.4% 1.82%
1997 8.08% 2.2%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/solomon-islands/united-kingdom | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, the Solomon Islands has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 5.95%, compared with 2.46% in the United Kingdom. In 2025, inflation was 3.36% in the Solomon Islands and 3.88% in the United Kingdom.

Top exports between countries

Solomon Islands
Export category Export value
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $14.2M
Metals $12K
Animal & marine products $5K
United Kingdom
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $184K
Metals $156K
Textiles & consumer goods $134K
Chemicals & pharma $103K
Raw materials & minerals $51K
Animal & marine products $39K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $33K
Wood & paper products $24K
Miscellaneous $2K
Precious metals & jewellery $2K

Balance of trade

Solomon Islands United Kingdom
Current account balance
-$66.2M
2024
-$97.1B
2025
Current account balance ranking
78/190
2024
189/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
-4.18%
2024
-2.43%
2025
Goods imports
$609M
2024
$827B
2025
Goods exports
$510M
2024
$506B
2025
Service imports
$248M
2024
$450B
2025
Service exports
$133M
2024
$720B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
70.8%
2024
31.9%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
40.6%
2024
30.6%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Solomon Islands United Kingdom
Economic freedom 53.7 70.4
Economic freedom ranking 137/197 35/197
Property rights 55.8 93.6
Government integrity 42.7 83
Judicial effectiveness 59.1 83.1
Tax burden 71.3 61.7
Government spending 54.6 41.1
Fiscal health 83.3 32.4
Business freedom 52.3 83.6
Labor freedom 60.4 61.2
Monetary freedom 76.5 71.9
Trade freedom 43.6 82.8
Investment freedom 15 70
Financial freedom 30 80

Economic freedom comparison by year

Solomon Islands
United Kingdom
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Solomon Islands United Kingdom
2026 53.7 70.4
2025 56.3 69.3
2024 55 68.6
2023 56.9 69.9
2022 56.5 72.7
2021 56.5 78.4
2020 52.9 79.3
2019 54.6 78.9
2018 57.5 78
2017 55 76.4
2016 47 76.4
2015 47 75.8
2014 46.2 74.9
2013 45 74.8
2012 46.2 74.1
2011 45.9 74.5
2010 42.9 76.5
2009 46 79
2008 - 79.4
2007 - 79.9
2006 - 80.4
2005 - 79.2
2004 - 77.7
2003 - 77.5
2002 - 78.5
2001 - 77.6
2000 - 77.3
1999 - 76.2
1998 - 76.5
1997 - 76.4
1996 - 76.4
1995 - 77.9

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/solomon-islands/united-kingdom | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for the Solomon Islands is 53.7, ranking 137/197, compared to 70.4 for the United Kingdom, ranking 35/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Solomon Islands United Kingdom
Services, % of GDP
46.9%
2024
73.1%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
23.4%
2024
16.5%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
29.7%
2024
0.64%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$1.7B
2025
$3.79T
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$2,790
2025
$64,210
2025
Total reserves including gold
$686M
2024
$214B
2025
Total reserves ranking
148/177
2024
19/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
$19.9M
2024
$10.3B
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$33M
2024
-$13B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$52.9M
2024
-$72.5B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
1.64%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
12.7%
2012
18.6%
2017
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
19.5%
2024
19.7%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1830–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2023–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.