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Economy of Belize vs United Kingdom compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Belize has a GDP of $3.2B compared to $3.69T for the United Kingdom, ranking 168/197 and 6/197 by economy size, respectively.

Belize has $2.1B in government debt (65.4% of GDP), compared to $3.73T (101.2% of GDP) in the United Kingdom.

Belize vs United Kingdom GDP by year

Belize
United Kingdom
1x
Year GDP, current $
Belize United Kingdom
2024 $3,203,631,800 $3,686,033,044,482
2023 $3,052,362,650 $3,420,796,653,789
2022 $2,846,604,350 $3,181,244,350,465
2021 $2,428,606,250 $3,194,559,188,926
2020 $2,047,284,600 $2,724,001,478,305
2019 $2,381,187,850 $2,875,710,080,015
2018 $2,285,915,050 $2,897,028,009,916
2017 $2,266,028,250 $2,699,118,387,873
2016 $2,239,604,950 $2,706,807,606,539
2015 $2,193,095,150 $2,945,579,890,258
2014 $2,138,242,200 $3,085,362,169,410
2013 $2,035,191,450 $2,796,908,333,283
2012 $1,917,083,500 $2,719,715,961,540
2011 $1,831,576,700 $2,675,590,034,129
2010 $1,748,988,400 $2,496,740,681,057
2009 $1,688,012,750 $2,429,358,155,476
2008 $1,738,453,600 $2,945,251,838,235
2007 $1,706,190,450 $3,104,699,879,952
2006 $1,590,463,100 $2,719,558,417,663
2005 $1,474,298,400 $2,551,361,818,182
2004 $1,400,202,000 $2,429,774,807,763
2003 $1,308,280,250 $2,061,227,755,102
2002 $1,243,912,050 $1,790,536,570,743
2001 $1,172,045,150 $1,656,171,009,069
2000 $1,138,138,100 $1,671,597,821,153
1999 $999,713,050 $1,693,458,987,219
1998 $929,047,000 $1,660,821,464,061
1997 $872,916,050 $1,569,317,288,802
1996 $850,339,100 $1,425,287,051,482
1995 $818,590,250 $1,349,094,208,616
1994 $771,838,000 $1,140,489,745,944
1993 $752,255,150 $1,061,388,722,256
1992 $695,741,150 $1,179,659,529,660
1991 $596,682,100 $1,142,797,178,131
1990 $546,750,912 $1,093,169,389,205
1989 $491,100,000 $926,884,816,754
1988 $421,450,000 $910,122,732,124
1987 $371,100,000 $745,162,608,269
1986 $311,500,000 $601,452,653,181
1985 $287,300,000 $489,285,164,271
1984 $290,350,000 $461,487,097,632
1983 $262,150,000 $489,618,008,186
1982 $248,550,000 $515,048,916,841
1981 $260,750,000 $540,765,675,241
1980 $257,400,000 $564,947,710,899
1979 $151,800,000 $438,994,070,309
1978 $136,300,000 $335,883,029,722
1977 $117,650,000 $263,066,457,352
1976 $97,094,227 $232,614,555,256
1975 $118,194,026 $241,756,637,168
1974 $103,160,450 $206,131,369,799
1973 $78,214,768 $192,537,971,583
1972 $65,998,069 $169,965,034,965
1971 $59,074,687 $148,113,896,325
1970 $53,339,893 $130,671,946,244
1969 $47,399,905 $116,464,702,803
1968 $44,999,910 $107,759,910,068
1967 $47,431,256 $113,116,888,211
1966 $44,450,044 $108,572,752,102
1965 $40,110,040 $101,824,755,079
1964 $36,194,586 $94,407,558,351
1963 $33,750,114 $86,561,961,812
1962 $31,857,592 $81,247,564,157
1961 $29,965,000 $77,741,965,703
1960 $28,072,478 $73,233,967,692

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/belize/united-kingdom | CC BY

GDP per capita in Belize vs United Kingdom by year

Belize
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
United Kingdom
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Belize United Kingdom
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $7,681 $14,347 $53,246 $62,009
2023 $7,425 $13,730 $49,944 $59,911
2022 $7,068 $13,461 $47,057 $59,022
2021 $6,143 $11,716 $47,691 $51,004
2020 $5,239 $9,639 $40,813 $48,230
2019 $6,172 $10,500 $43,159 $50,065
2018 $6,012 $9,497 $43,703 $47,212
2017 $6,072 $9,121 $40,917 $46,113
2016 $6,141 $9,399 $41,258 $44,085
2015 $6,155 $9,538 $45,255 $42,515
2014 $6,128 $9,490 $47,746 $41,267
2013 $5,957 $9,526 $43,607 $39,948
2012 $5,733 $9,303 $42,688 $38,337
2011 $5,596 $9,722 $42,296 $37,224
2010 $5,461 $9,748 $39,778 $36,484
2009 $5,400 $9,728 $39,009 $35,042
2008 $5,712 $9,975 $47,652 $36,745
2007 $5,762 $10,226 $50,629 $35,522
2006 $5,525 $9,910 $44,695 $34,727
2005 $5,270 $9,466 $42,240 $32,726
2004 $5,154 $9,245 $40,504 $32,051
2003 $4,960 $8,850 $34,557 $30,314
2002 $4,859 $8,154 $30,159 $29,089
2001 $4,719 $7,852 $28,014 $27,913
2000 $4,727 $7,544 $28,384 $26,536
1999 $4,290 $6,790 $28,858 $24,494
1998 $4,126 $6,333 $28,396 $23,689
1997 $4,014 $6,243 $26,910 $23,071
1996 $4,043 $6,087 $24,503 $21,947
1995 $4,010 $6,091 $23,253 $20,595
1994 $3,877 $6,073 $19,709 $19,605
1993 $3,860 $6,075 $18,389 $18,336
1992 $3,643 $5,706 $20,487 $17,349
1991 $3,190 $5,053 $19,901 $16,791
1990 $2,986 $4,467 $19,095 $16,505
1989 $2,742 - $16,239 -
1988 $2,406 - $15,987 -
1987 $2,166 - $13,119 -
1986 $1,859 - $10,611 -
1985 $1,754 - $8,652 -
1984 $1,814 - $8,179 -
1983 $1,677 - $8,692 -
1982 $1,629 - $9,146 -
1981 $1,753 - $9,599 -
1980 $1,774 - $10,032 -
1979 $1,071 - $7,805 -
1978 $983 - $5,977 -
1977 $866 - $4,681 -
1976 $729 - $4,138 -
1975 $906 - $4,300 -
1974 $805 - $3,666 -
1973 $619 - $3,426 -
1972 $529 - $3,030 -
1971 $481 - $2,650 -
1970 $442 - $2,348 -
1969 $402 - $2,101 -
1968 $392 - $1,952 -
1967 $426 - $2,059 -
1966 $412 - $1,987 -
1965 $383 - $1,874 -
1964 $356 - $1,748 -
1963 $342 - $1,613 -
1962 $332 - $1,526 -
1961 $320 - $1,472 -
1960 $307 - $1,398 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/belize/united-kingdom | CC BY

Belize's GDP per capita is $7,681, ranking 98/197, compared to $53,246 in the United Kingdom, ranking 22/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Belize ranks 117th at $14,347, while the United Kingdom ranks 32nd at $62,009.

Economic indicators

Belize United Kingdom
Gross domestic product
$3.2B
2024
$3.69T
2024
GDP rank
168/197
2024
6/197
2024
GDP growth
3.5%
2023-2024
1.13%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$7,681
2024
$53,246
2024
GDP per capita rank
98/197
2024
22/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$14,347
2024
$62,009
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
117/197
2024
32/197
2024
Government debt
$2.1B
2024
$3.73T
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
65.4%
2024
101.2%
2024
Government debt per person
$5,026
2024
$53,900
2024
Government debt per person rank
78/185
2024
7/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$9,204
2026
$39,230
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$3.1T
2022
Number of millionaires n/a
2,624,000
2025
Number of billionaires
1
2025
55
2025
Income share by richest 10%
30%
2018
24.6%
2021
Income share by poorest 10%
2.2%
2018
3%
2021
Government expenditure, % of GDP
26.3%
2024
44%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
3.3%
2023-2024
3.27%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate n/a
3.75%
2025
Unemployment rate
29.3%
2020
4.36%
2024
Population
430409
70154914

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Belize
Spending

Debt
United Kingdom
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Belize United Kingdom
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 26.3% 65.4% 44% 101.2%
2023 25.8% 67.5% 44.8% 100.4%
2022 23.4% 66.8% 44.1% 99.6%
2021 25.7% 82.2% 45.8% 105.1%
2020 33.2% 103% 50% 105.8%
2019 27.5% 78.6% 38.8% 85.7%
2018 26.9% 79% 38.9% 86.3%
2017 27.7% 78.1% 39.2% 86.7%
2016 27.7% 70.5% 39.6% 87.8%
2015 27.9% 65.1% 40.4% 87.9%
2014 24.8% 61.5% 41.2% 87.1%
2013 23.8% 62.8% 41.8% 85.3%
2012 22.1% 63.1% 43.6% 84.5%
2011 23.5% 66.2% 43.5% 81.4%
2010 23.3% 68.4% 44.7% 75.9%
2009 23.2% 69.7% 44.6% 64.9%
2008 21.8% 64.7% 41% 50.8%
2007 22.1% 66.4% 38.7% 43.2%
2006 21.2% 71.4% 38.4% 42.1%
2005 21.4% 72.7% 38.4% 41%
2004 21.7% 70.7% 38% 39.8%
2003 24.6% 67.2% 37.2% 36.8%
2002 24.4% 53.2% 35.9% 35.4%
2001 25.9% 49.5% 34.7% 35%
2000 23.2% 79% 33.9% 37.7%
1999 23.6% 41.5% 33.9% 40.4%
1998 20.9% 38.7% 34.5% 42%
1997 19.9% 39.4% 34.9% 44.1%
1996 19.9% 38.4% 35.7% 43.7%
1995 - - 37.6% 43.7%
1994 - - 37.5% 40.7%
1993 - - 37.8% 38%
1992 - - 37.8% 33.2%
1991 - - 35.9% 28.5%
1990 - - 35% 28.5%
1989 - - 39.7% 31.4%
1988 - - 40.3% 36.6%
1987 - - 42.7% 41.8%
1986 - - 44.6% 42.9%
1985 - - 48.7% 42.9%
1984 - - 50.3% 44.1%
1983 - - 50.4% 44.2%
1982 - - 50.8% 44.7%
1981 - - 51.2% 41.1%
1980 - - 47.6% 43.7%
1979 - - 45.1% 44.5%
1978 - - 46.2% 47.3%
1977 - - 46.8% 53.7%
1976 - - 49.2% 47.7%
1975 - - 49.1% 49.6%
1974 - - 47.8% 56.2%
1973 - - 43.5% 58.5%
1972 - - 42.3% 65%
1971 - - 41.2% 67.9%
1970 - - 42% 73.4%
1969 - - 39.2% 82.8%
1968 - - 40.3% 88.5%
1967 - - 40.1% 89.1%
1966 - - 35.7% 91.9%
1965 - - 34.6% 94.6%
1964 - - 32.8% 101.1%
1963 - - 37.4% 108.6%
1962 - - 33.8% 110.5%
1961 - - 31.5% 113.8%
1960 - - 33.1% 117.9%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–2000, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/belize/united-kingdom | CC BY

In 2024, Belize's government spending was $842M, accounting for 26.3% of its GDP, while the United Kingdom spent $1.62T, or 44% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 65.4% in Belize and 101.2% in the United Kingdom, ranking 67/185 and 22/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Belize

United Kingdom
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Belize United Kingdom
2024 -1.23% -5.75%
2023 -2.42% -6.05%
2022 -1.04% -4.56%
2021 -3.29% -7.72%
2020 -8.57% -13.2%
2019 -2.9% -2.47%
2018 -1.37% -2.27%
2017 -3.48% -2.49%
2016 -4.47% -3.31%
2015 -5.14% -4.59%
2014 -1.72% -5.53%
2013 -1.21% -5.34%
2012 -0.22% -7.45%
2011 -1.06% -7.38%
2010 -1.9% -9.22%
2009 -2.46% -10.1%
2008 1.25% -5.09%
2007 -0.19% -2.65%
2006 -2.27% -2.76%
2005 -3.7% -3.15%
2004 -4.52% -3.16%
2003 -8.41% -3.22%
2002 -5.41% -1.96%
2001 -7.23% 0.34%
2000 -6.68% 1.4%
1999 -6.51% 0.76%
1998 -2.69% -0.21%
1997 -1.81% -2.01%
1996 -1.76% -3.65%
1995 - -4.99%
1994 - -5.74%
1993 - -6.62%
1992 - -5.41%
1991 - -2.77%
1990 - -1.54%
1989 - 0.77%
1988 - 0.46%
1987 - -1.79%
1986 - -2.56%
1985 - -5.57%
1984 - -6.39%
1983 - -6.26%
1982 - -5.66%
1981 - -7.03%
1980 - -5.65%
1979 - -5.79%
1978 - -6.63%
1977 - -4.41%
1976 - -5.61%
1975 - -5.08%
1974 - -4.06%
1973 - -4.29%
1972 - -1.66%
1971 - 1.48%
1970 - 2.61%
1969 - 1.03%
1968 - -2.3%
1967 - -4.57%
1966 - -1.59%
1965 - -2.06%
1964 - -1.76%
1963 - -5.47%
1962 - -0.49%
1961 - 0.56%
1960 - -2.75%
1959 - -0.58%
1958 - -1.73%
1957 - -1.04%
1956 - 0.55%
1955 - -0.39%
1954 - -1.65%
1953 - -2.84%
1952 - -1.26%
1951 - 2.03%
1950 - 0.34%
1949 - 3.01%
1948 - -0.39%
1947 - -15.8%
1946 - -22.5%
1945 - -30.9%
1944 - -29.7%
1943 - -33.3%
1942 - -31.6%
1941 - -32%
1940 - -12.1%
1939 - -2.99%
1938 - 0%
1937 - 0.82%
1936 - 0.17%
1935 - 0.37%
1934 - 0.48%
1933 - 0.99%
1932 - -0.15%
1931 - 0.8%
1930 - 1.01%
1929 - 0.75%
1928 - 1.75%
1927 - 1.62%
1926 - 0.6%
1925 - 0.84%
1924 - 1.19%
1923 - 2.23%
1922 - 2.45%
1921 - 1.15%
1920 - 4.2%
1919 - -6.28%
1918 - -34.4%
1917 - -48.8%
1916 - -50.6%
1915 - -30%
1914 - -14.6%
1913 - 0.25%
1912 - 0.22%
1911 - 0.51%
1910 - 1.75%
1909 - -1.25%
1908 - 0.34%
1907 - 0.66%
1906 - 0.58%
1905 - 0.36%
1904 - 0.2%
1903 - -0.22%
1902 - -1.77%
1901 - -2.74%
1900 - -2.96%
1899 - -0.79%
1898 - 0.01%
1897 - 0.25%
1896 - 0.17%
1895 - 0.3%
1894 - 0.06%
1893 - -0.007%
1892 - 0.14%
1891 - 0.19%
1890 - 0.23%
1889 - 0.3%
1888 - 0.27%
1887 - 0.25%
1886 - 0.07%
1885 - -0.21%
1884 - -0.04%
1883 - 0.06%
1882 - 0.02%
1881 - 0.06%
1880 - 0.1%
1879 - -0.86%
1878 - -0.18%
1877 - -0.18%
1876 - 0.09%
1875 - 0%
1874 - 0.09%
1873 - 0%
1872 - 0.55%
1871 - 0.29%
1870 - 0%
1869 - 0.77%
1868 - -0.45%
1867 - -0.45%
1866 - 0.11%
1865 - 0%
1864 - 0.24%
1863 - 0%
1862 - -0.13%
1861 - -0.4%
1860 - -0.43%
1859 - 0%
1858 - -0.15%
1857 - -0.15%
1856 - -0.6%
1855 - -3.57%
1854 - -3.39%
1853 - 0.5%
1852 - 0.35%
1851 - 0.35%
1850 - 0.37%
1849 - 0.34%
1848 - -0.17%
1847 - -6.13%
1846 - 0.52%
1845 - 0.56%
1844 - 0.59%
1843 - 0.44%
1842 - -0.87%
1841 - -0.42%
1840 - -0.2%
1839 - -0.18%
1838 - -0.19%
1837 - -0.21%
1836 - 0.59%
1835 - 0.42%
1834 - 0.23%
1833 - 0.24%
1832 - 0%
1831 - 0%
1830 - 0.45%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1830–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/belize/united-kingdom | CC BY

In 2024, Belize's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $39.4M, equivalent to 1.23% of GDP. This compares to the United Kingdom's deficit of $212B, or 5.75% of GDP.

Over the past 29 years, Belize recorded a fiscal deficit in 28 of those years, while the United Kingdom ran a deficit in 26 years. On average, Belize posted an annual deficit equal to 3.19% of GDP, compared to deficit of 4.23% of GDP for the United Kingdom.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Belize

United Kingdom
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Belize United Kingdom
2024 3.3% 3.27%
2023 4.4% 6.79%
2022 6.3% 7.92%
2021 3.2% 2.52%
2020 0.1% 0.99%
2019 0.2% 1.74%
2018 0.3% 2.29%
2017 1.1% 2.56%
2016 0.7% 1.01%
2015 -0.9% 0.37%
2014 1.2% 1.45%
2013 0.5% 2.29%
2012 1.2% 2.57%
2011 1.7% 3.86%
2010 0.9% 2.49%
2009 -1.1% 1.96%
2008 6.4% 3.52%
2007 2.3% 2.39%
2006 4.2% 2.46%
2005 3.7% 2.09%
2004 3.1% 1.39%
2003 2.6% 1.38%
2002 2.2% 1.52%
2001 1.1% 1.53%
2000 0.6% 1.18%
1999 -1.2% 1.75%
1998 -0.8% 1.82%
1997 1% 2.2%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/belize/united-kingdom | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Belize has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 1.73%, compared with 2.4% in the United Kingdom. In 2024, inflation was 3.3% in Belize and 3.27% in the United Kingdom.

Top exports between countries

Belize
Export category Export value
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $56M
Raw agricultural goods $27M
Wood & paper products $2M
Machinery & equipment $1M
Textiles & consumer goods $420K
Precious metals & jewellery $300K
Miscellaneous $206K
Animal & marine products $200K
Chemicals & pharma $143K
Metals $9K
United Kingdom
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $4.07M
Chemicals & pharma $3.44M
Wood & paper products $1.73M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $1.51M
Metals $840K
Raw materials & minerals $276K
Textiles & consumer goods $275K
Miscellaneous $177K
Precious metals & jewellery $170K
Animal & marine products $81K

Balance of trade

Belize United Kingdom
Current account balance
-$51.7M
2024
-$80.6B
2024
Current account balance ranking
84/190
2024
189/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.61%
2024
-2.19%
2024
Goods imports
$1.36B
2024
$763B
2024
Goods exports
$482M
2024
$494B
2024
Service imports
$362M
2024
$411B
2024
Service exports
$1.16B
2024
$648B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
53.7%
2024
31.9%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
55.2%
2024
31%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Belize United Kingdom
Economic freedom 64.7 70.4
Economic freedom ranking 71/197 35/197
Property rights 46.3 93.6
Government integrity 46.2 83
Judicial effectiveness 73.9 83.1
Tax burden 81.8 61.7
Government spending 81 41.1
Fiscal health 87.5 32.4
Business freedom 67.2 83.6
Labor freedom 57.6 61.2
Monetary freedom 72.6 71.9
Trade freedom 57.8 82.8
Investment freedom 55 70
Financial freedom 50 80

Economic freedom comparison by year

Belize
United Kingdom
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Belize United Kingdom
2026 64.7 70.4
2025 64.2 69.3
2024 61.2 68.6
2023 59.8 69.9
2022 56.6 72.7
2021 57.5 78.4
2020 57.4 79.3
2019 55.4 78.9
2018 57.1 78
2017 58.6 76.4
2016 57.4 76.4
2015 56.8 75.8
2014 56.7 74.9
2013 57.3 74.8
2012 61.9 74.1
2011 63.8 74.5
2010 61.5 76.5
2009 63 79
2008 63 79.4
2007 63.3 79.9
2006 64.7 80.4
2005 64.5 79.2
2004 62.8 77.7
2003 63.5 77.5
2002 65.6 78.5
2001 65.9 77.6
2000 63.3 77.3
1999 60.7 76.2
1998 59.1 76.5
1997 64.3 76.4
1996 61.6 76.4
1995 62.9 77.9

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/belize/united-kingdom | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Belize is 64.7, ranking 71/197, compared to 70.4 for the United Kingdom, ranking 35/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Belize United Kingdom
Services, % of GDP
62.4%
2024
72.4%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
14.6%
2024
17.1%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
7.95%
2024
0.64%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$2.98B
2024
$3.42T
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$13,760
2024
$61,460
2024
Total reserves including gold
$498M
2024
$175B
2024
Total reserves ranking
156/177
2024
19/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$126M
2024
$42.8B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$128M
2024
-$13B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$2.61M
2024
-$72.5B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
4.15%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
52%
2018
18.6%
2017
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
19.8%
2024
19.1%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/belize/united-kingdom | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1830–2000, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2021–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.