Skip to content

Economy of Lebanon vs United Kingdom compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Lebanon has a GDP of $26B compared to $4T for the United Kingdom, ranking 121/197 and 5/197 by economy size, respectively.

Lebanon has $41B in government debt (139.4% of GDP), compared to $4.1T (102.3% of GDP) in the United Kingdom.

Lebanon vs United Kingdom GDP by year

Lebanon
United Kingdom
1x
Year GDP, current $
Lebanon United Kingdom
2025 - $4,002,587,541,846
2024 $25,971,643,441 $3,695,539,513,534
2023 $20,078,620,357 $3,420,796,653,789
2022 $20,992,421,949 $3,181,244,350,465
2021 $23,131,941,557 $3,194,559,188,926
2020 $31,712,128,254 $2,724,001,478,305
2019 $51,605,959,131 $2,875,710,080,015
2018 $54,901,519,156 $2,897,028,009,916
2017 $53,027,680,686 $2,699,118,387,873
2016 $51,147,308,774 $2,706,807,606,539
2015 $49,929,337,837 $2,945,579,890,258
2014 $48,095,213,747 $3,085,362,169,410
2013 $46,880,103,081 $2,796,908,333,283
2012 $44,016,799,516 $2,719,715,961,540
2011 $39,927,125,962 $2,675,590,034,129
2010 $38,443,907,042 $2,496,740,681,057
2009 $35,399,582,929 $2,429,358,155,476
2008 $29,118,916,105 $2,945,251,838,235
2007 $24,827,355,015 $3,104,699,879,952
2006 $22,022,709,851 $2,719,558,417,663
2005 $21,497,336,499 $2,551,361,818,182
2004 $21,159,827,992 $2,429,774,807,763
2003 $20,082,918,740 $2,061,227,755,102
2002 $19,152,238,806 $1,790,536,570,743
2001 $17,649,751,244 $1,656,171,009,069
2000 $17,260,364,842 $1,671,597,821,153
1999 $17,391,056,369 $1,693,458,987,219
1998 $17,247,179,006 $1,660,821,464,061
1997 $15,751,867,489 $1,569,317,288,802
1996 $13,690,217,334 $1,425,287,051,482
1995 $11,718,795,529 $1,349,094,208,616
1994 $9,599,127,050 $1,140,489,745,944
1993 $7,941,744,492 $1,061,388,722,256
1992 $5,843,579,161 $1,179,659,529,660
1991 $4,690,415,093 $1,142,797,178,131
1990 $2,838,485,354 $1,093,169,389,205
1989 $2,717,998,688 $926,884,816,754
1988 $3,313,540,068 $910,122,732,124
1987 - $745,162,608,269
1986 - $601,452,653,181
1985 - $489,285,164,271
1984 - $461,487,097,632
1983 - $489,618,008,186
1982 - $515,048,916,841
1981 - $540,765,675,241
1980 - $564,947,710,899
1979 - $438,994,070,309
1978 - $335,883,029,722
1977 - $263,066,457,352
1976 - $232,614,555,256
1975 - $241,756,637,168
1974 - $206,131,369,799
1973 - $192,537,971,583
1972 - $169,965,034,965
1971 - $148,113,896,325
1970 - $130,671,946,244
1969 - $116,464,702,803
1968 - $107,759,910,068
1967 - $113,116,888,211
1966 - $108,572,752,102
1965 - $101,824,755,079
1964 - $94,407,558,351
1963 - $86,561,961,812
1962 - $81,247,564,157
1961 - $77,741,965,703
1960 - $73,233,967,692

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/lebanon/united-kingdom | CC BY

GDP per capita in Lebanon vs United Kingdom by year

Lebanon
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
United Kingdom
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Lebanon United Kingdom
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 - - $57,602 -
2024 $4,473 - $53,341 $62,009
2023 $3,478 $12,575 $49,920 $59,911
2022 $3,654 $12,293 $47,035 $59,022
2021 $4,045 $11,600 $47,696 $51,004
2020 $5,561 $16,260 $40,815 $48,230
2019 $8,906 $21,710 $43,161 $50,065
2018 $9,175 $21,985 $43,704 $47,212
2017 $8,608 $20,964 $40,918 $46,113
2016 $8,089 $18,941 $41,259 $44,085
2015 $7,714 $17,046 $45,256 $42,515
2014 $7,578 $16,140 $47,747 $41,267
2013 $8,162 $16,316 $43,608 $39,948
2012 $8,407 $16,121 $42,688 $38,337
2011 $7,835 $14,975 $42,296 $37,224
2010 $7,626 $14,704 $39,778 $36,484
2009 $7,091 $13,586 $39,009 $35,042
2008 $5,912 $12,416 $47,652 $36,745
2007 $5,125 $11,356 $50,629 $35,522
2006 $4,635 $10,312 $44,695 $34,727
2005 $4,602 $10,020 $42,240 $32,726
2004 $4,601 $9,609 $40,504 $32,051
2003 $4,438 $8,914 $34,557 $30,314
2002 $4,291 $8,586 $30,159 $29,089
2001 $4,010 $8,289 $28,014 $27,913
2000 $3,987 $7,938 $28,384 $26,536
1999 $4,087 $7,793 $28,858 $24,494
1998 $4,125 $7,861 $28,396 $23,689
1997 $3,834 $7,632 $26,910 $23,071
1996 $3,393 $7,560 $24,503 $21,947
1995 $2,959 $6,796 $23,253 $20,595
1994 $2,468 $6,367 $19,709 $19,605
1993 $2,079 $5,871 $18,389 $18,336
1992 $1,559 $5,279 $20,487 $17,349
1991 $1,278 $4,527 $19,901 $16,791
1990 $790 $2,990 $19,095 $16,505
1989 $771 - $16,239 -
1988 $959 - $15,987 -
1987 - - $13,119 -
1986 - - $10,611 -
1985 - - $8,652 -
1984 - - $8,179 -
1983 - - $8,692 -
1982 - - $9,146 -
1981 - - $9,599 -
1980 - - $10,032 -
1979 - - $7,805 -
1978 - - $5,977 -
1977 - - $4,681 -
1976 - - $4,138 -
1975 - - $4,300 -
1974 - - $3,666 -
1973 - - $3,426 -
1972 - - $3,030 -
1971 - - $2,650 -
1970 - - $2,348 -
1969 - - $2,101 -
1968 - - $1,952 -
1967 - - $2,059 -
1966 - - $1,987 -
1965 - - $1,874 -
1964 - - $1,748 -
1963 - - $1,613 -
1962 - - $1,526 -
1961 - - $1,472 -
1960 - - $1,398 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/lebanon/united-kingdom | CC BY

Lebanon's GDP per capita is $4,473, ranking 129/197, compared to $57,602 in the United Kingdom, ranking 21/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Lebanon ranks 123rd at $12,575, while the United Kingdom ranks 32nd at $62,009.

Economic indicators

Lebanon United Kingdom
Gross domestic product
$26B
2024
$4T
2025
GDP rank
121/197
2024
5/197
2025
GDP growth
-7.08%
2023-2024
1.39%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$4,473
2024
$57,602
2025
GDP per capita rank
129/197
2024
21/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$12,575
2023
$62,009
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
123/197
2023
32/197
2024
Government debt
$41B
2024
$4.1T
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
139.4%
2025
102.3%
2025
Government debt per person
$7,061
2024
$58,936
2025
Government debt per person rank
71/185
2024
7/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$3,055
2026
$43,539
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$10.6B
2021
$3.1T
2022
Number of millionaires n/a
2,428,000
2026
Number of billionaires
6
2026
56
2026
Income share by richest 10%
25.6%
2022
25%
2021
Income share by poorest 10%
2.8%
2022
2.9%
2021
Government expenditure, % of GDP
15.5%
2025
43.6%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
14.6%
2024-2025
3.88%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
20%
2023
3.75%
2025
Unemployment rate
11.3%
2019
4.9%
2025
Population
5921719
70071289

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Lebanon
Spending

Debt
United Kingdom
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Lebanon United Kingdom
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 15.5% 139.4% 43.6% 102.3%
2024 15.3% 157.9% 43.7% 99.9%
2023 14.3% 185.8% 44.2% 98.9%
2022 12.9% 235.9% 43.2% 97.5%
2021 10.5% 346% 44.9% 103.4%
2020 24.5% 157.2% 49.3% 104.8%
2019 31.3% 171.9% 38.3% 84.9%
2018 32.1% 154% 38.5% 85.6%
2017 30.7% 150.4% 38.8% 86.1%
2016 28.6% 147.9% 39.3% 87.3%
2015 26.7% 140.9% 40.1% 87.3%
2014 28.9% 138.5% 40.8% 86.5%
2013 28.9% 135.4% 41.6% 84.9%
2012 30.2% 131.1% 43.3% 84.1%
2011 28.8% 134.4% 43.3% 81.1%
2010 29.2% 136.8% 44.5% 75.5%
2009 32.1% 144.5% 44.2% 64.5%
2008 34.3% 161.5% 40.6% 50.6%
2007 35.2% 169.3% 38.4% 43%
2006 36.1% 183.3% 38.2% 41.9%
2005 31.4% 178.9% 38.3% 40.9%
2004 33.3% 169.5% 37.9% 39.7%
2003 36.4% 171.3% 37% 36.6%
2002 36.8% 163.1% 35.8% 35.3%
2001 38.9% 163.1% 34.5% 34.8%
2000 42.8% 148.1% 33.8% 37.5%
1999 35.6% 130.2% 33.7% 40.3%
1998 34.7% 108.2% 34.3% 41.8%
1997 40.5% 100.2% 34.7% 43.9%
1996 43.6% 101.2% 35.6% 43.5%
1995 31.1% 79.6% 37.5% 43.5%
1994 47.3% 71.5% 37.4% 40.6%
1993 23% 50.5% 37.6% 37.8%
1992 36.1% 51.7% 37.7% 33.1%
1991 35.6% 67.1% 35.7% 28.4%
1990 40% 99.7% 34.9% 28.4%
1989 - - 39.7% 31.4%
1988 - - 40.3% 36.6%
1987 - - 42.7% 41.8%
1986 - - 44.6% 42.9%
1985 - - 48.7% 42.9%
1984 - - 50.3% 44.1%
1983 - - 50.4% 44.2%
1982 - - 50.8% 44.7%
1981 - - 51.2% 41.1%
1980 - - 47.6% 43.7%
1979 - - 45.1% 44.5%
1978 - - 46.2% 47.3%
1977 - - 46.8% 53.7%
1976 - - 49.2% 47.7%
1975 - - 49.1% 49.6%
1974 - - 47.8% 56.2%
1973 - - 43.5% 58.5%
1972 - - 42.3% 65%
1971 - - 41.2% 67.9%
1970 - - 42% 73.4%
1969 - - 39.2% 82.8%
1968 - - 40.3% 88.5%
1967 - - 40.1% 89.1%
1966 - - 35.7% 91.9%
1965 - - 34.6% 94.6%
1964 - - 32.8% 101.1%
1963 - - 37.4% 108.6%
1962 - - 33.8% 110.5%
1961 - - 31.5% 113.8%
1960 - - 33.1% 117.9%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1999, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/lebanon/united-kingdom | CC BY

In 2025, Lebanon's government spending was $3.98B, accounting for 15.5% of its GDP, while the United Kingdom spent $1.75T, or 43.6% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 139.4% in Lebanon and 102.3% in the United Kingdom, ranking 8/185 and 22/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Lebanon

United Kingdom
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Lebanon United Kingdom
2025 3.25% -5.38%
2024 0.39% -6.06%
2023 -1.64% -6.05%
2022 -7.49% -4.6%
2021 -2.57% -7.54%
2020 -7.79% -12.9%
2019 -10.5% -2.38%
2018 -11.2% -2.23%
2017 -8.68% -2.48%
2016 -8.98% -3.28%
2015 -7.49% -4.53%
2014 -6.22% -5.47%
2013 -8.83% -5.29%
2012 -8.43% -7.96%
2011 -5.94% -7.42%
2010 -7.47% -9.25%
2009 -8.1% -9.97%
2008 -9.86% -5.05%
2007 -10.9% -2.63%
2006 -10.6% -2.74%
2005 -8.57% -3.13%
2004 -9.83% -3.14%
2003 -14% -3.19%
2002 -16.2% -1.95%
2001 -21% 0.34%
2000 -23.9% 1.4%
1999 -16.7% 0.76%
1998 -17.3% -0.21%
1997 -24.5% -2%
1996 -25.7% -3.63%
1995 -13.6% -4.97%
1994 -29.1% -5.72%
1993 -7.19% -6.6%
1992 -24% -5.39%
1991 -19.5% -2.76%
1990 -30.2% -1.53%
1989 - 0.77%
1988 - 0.46%
1987 - -1.79%
1986 - -2.56%
1985 - -5.57%
1984 - -6.39%
1983 - -6.26%
1982 - -5.66%
1981 - -7.03%
1980 - -5.65%
1979 - -5.79%
1978 - -6.63%
1977 - -4.41%
1976 - -5.61%
1975 - -5.08%
1974 - -4.06%
1973 - -4.29%
1972 - -1.66%
1971 - 1.48%
1970 - 2.61%
1969 - 1.03%
1968 - -2.3%
1967 - -4.57%
1966 - -1.59%
1965 - -2.06%
1964 - -1.76%
1963 - -5.47%
1962 - -0.49%
1961 - 0.56%
1960 - -2.75%
1959 - -0.58%
1958 - -1.73%
1957 - -1.04%
1956 - 0.55%
1955 - -0.39%
1954 - -1.65%
1953 - -2.84%
1952 - -1.26%
1951 - 2.03%
1950 - 0.34%
1949 - 3.01%
1948 - -0.39%
1947 - -15.8%
1946 - -22.5%
1945 - -30.9%
1944 - -29.7%
1943 - -33.3%
1942 - -31.6%
1941 - -32%
1940 - -12.1%
1939 - -2.99%
1938 - 0%
1937 - 0.82%
1936 - 0.17%
1935 - 0.37%
1934 - 0.48%
1933 - 0.99%
1932 - -0.15%
1931 - 0.8%
1930 - 1.01%
1929 - 0.75%
1928 - 1.75%
1927 - 1.62%
1926 - 0.6%
1925 - 0.84%
1924 - 1.19%
1923 - 2.23%
1922 - 2.45%
1921 - 1.15%
1920 - 4.2%
1919 - -6.28%
1918 - -34.4%
1917 - -48.8%
1916 - -50.6%
1915 - -30%
1914 - -14.6%
1913 - 0.25%
1912 - 0.22%
1911 - 0.51%
1910 - 1.75%
1909 - -1.25%
1908 - 0.34%
1907 - 0.66%
1906 - 0.58%
1905 - 0.36%
1904 - 0.2%
1903 - -0.22%
1902 - -1.77%
1901 - -2.74%
1900 - -2.96%
1899 - -0.79%
1898 - 0.01%
1897 - 0.25%
1896 - 0.17%
1895 - 0.3%
1894 - 0.06%
1893 - -0.007%
1892 - 0.14%
1891 - 0.19%
1890 - 0.23%
1889 - 0.3%
1888 - 0.27%
1887 - 0.25%
1886 - 0.07%
1885 - -0.21%
1884 - -0.04%
1883 - 0.06%
1882 - 0.02%
1881 - 0.06%
1880 - 0.1%
1879 - -0.86%
1878 - -0.18%
1877 - -0.18%
1876 - 0.09%
1875 - 0%
1874 - 0.09%
1873 - 0%
1872 - 0.55%
1871 - 0.29%
1870 - 0%
1869 - 0.77%
1868 - -0.45%
1867 - -0.45%
1866 - 0.11%
1865 - 0%
1864 - 0.24%
1863 - 0%
1862 - -0.13%
1861 - -0.4%
1860 - -0.43%
1859 - 0%
1858 - -0.15%
1857 - -0.15%
1856 - -0.6%
1855 - -3.57%
1854 - -3.39%
1853 - 0.5%
1852 - 0.35%
1851 - 0.35%
1850 - 0.37%
1849 - 0.34%
1848 - -0.17%
1847 - -6.13%
1846 - 0.52%
1845 - 0.56%
1844 - 0.59%
1843 - 0.44%
1842 - -0.87%
1841 - -0.42%
1840 - -0.2%
1839 - -0.18%
1838 - -0.19%
1837 - -0.21%
1836 - 0.59%
1835 - 0.42%
1834 - 0.23%
1833 - 0.24%
1832 - 0%
1831 - 0%
1830 - 0.45%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1830–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/lebanon/united-kingdom | CC BY

In 2024, Lebanon's government surplus, the difference between spending and revenue, was $102M, equivalent to 0.39% of GDP. This compares to the United Kingdom's deficit of $224B, or 6.06% of GDP.

Over the past 35 years, Lebanon recorded a fiscal deficit in 34 of those years, while the United Kingdom ran a deficit in 32 years. On average, Lebanon posted an annual deficit equal to 12.7% of GDP, compared to deficit of 4.27% of GDP for the United Kingdom.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Lebanon

United Kingdom
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Lebanon United Kingdom
2025 14.6% 3.88%
2024 45.2% 3.27%
2023 221.3% 6.79%
2022 171.2% 7.92%
2021 154.8% 2.52%
2020 84.9% 0.99%
2019 2.9% 1.74%
2018 6.1% 2.29%
2017 4.4% 2.56%
2016 -0.8% 1.01%
2015 -3.7% 0.37%
2014 1.9% 1.45%
2013 4.8% 2.29%
2012 6.6% 2.57%
2011 5% 3.86%
2010 4% 2.49%
2009 1.2% 1.96%
2008 10.7% 3.52%
2007 4.1% 2.39%
2006 4.1% 2.46%
2005 -1.4% 2.09%
2004 1.7% 1.39%
2003 1.3% 1.38%
2002 1.8% 1.52%
2001 -0.4% 1.53%
2000 -0.4% 1.18%
1999 0.2% 1.75%
1998 4.5% 1.82%
1997 7.7% 2.2%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/lebanon/united-kingdom | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Lebanon has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 26.1%, compared with 2.46% in the United Kingdom. In 2025, inflation was 14.6% in Lebanon and 3.88% in the United Kingdom.

Top exports between countries

Lebanon
Export category Export value
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $13.4M
Chemicals & pharma $6.18M
Machinery & equipment $5.32M
Raw agricultural goods $4.76M
Textiles & consumer goods $2.99M
Wood & paper products $935K
Precious metals & jewellery $559K
Metals $430K
Miscellaneous $214K
Raw materials & minerals $101K
United Kingdom
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $206M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $51.2M
Animal & marine products $40.1M
Chemicals & pharma $24.5M
Textiles & consumer goods $13M
Wood & paper products $7.77M
Raw materials & minerals $6.05M
Metals $3.58M
Precious metals & jewellery $2.31M
Raw agricultural goods $1.56M

Balance of trade

Lebanon United Kingdom
Current account balance
-$5.64B
2023
-$97.1B
2025
Current account balance ranking
166/190
2023
189/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
-28.1%
2023
-2.43%
2025
Goods imports
$16.7B
2023
$827B
2025
Goods exports
$3.85B
2023
$506B
2025
Service imports
$6.63B
2023
$450B
2025
Service exports
$7.92B
2023
$720B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
58.9%
2024
31.9%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
23.3%
2024
30.6%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Lebanon United Kingdom
Economic freedom 43.1 70.4
Economic freedom ranking 183/197 35/197
Property rights 21.8 93.6
Government integrity 23.4 83
Judicial effectiveness 23.8 83.1
Tax burden 90.3 61.7
Government spending 93.3 41.1
Fiscal health 63.4 32.4
Business freedom 47.6 83.6
Labor freedom 48.4 61.2
Monetary freedom 0 71.9
Trade freedom 65.6 82.8
Investment freedom 20 70
Financial freedom 20 80

Economic freedom comparison by year

Lebanon
United Kingdom
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Lebanon United Kingdom
2026 43.1 70.4
2025 44.1 69.3
2024 48.3 68.6
2023 45.6 69.9
2022 47.3 72.7
2021 51.4 78.4
2020 51.7 79.3
2019 51.1 78.9
2018 53.2 78
2017 53.3 76.4
2016 59.5 76.4
2015 59.3 75.8
2014 59.4 74.9
2013 59.5 74.8
2012 60.1 74.1
2011 60.1 74.5
2010 59.5 76.5
2009 58.1 79
2008 60 79.4
2007 60.4 79.9
2006 57.5 80.4
2005 57.2 79.2
2004 56.9 77.7
2003 56.7 77.5
2002 57.1 78.5
2001 61 77.6
2000 56.1 77.3
1999 59.1 76.2
1998 59 76.5
1997 63.9 76.4
1996 63.2 76.4
1995 - 77.9

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/lebanon/united-kingdom | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Lebanon is 43.1, ranking 183/197, compared to 70.4 for the United Kingdom, ranking 35/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Lebanon United Kingdom
Services, % of GDP
35.7%
2024
73.1%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
2.63%
2024
16.5%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
1.05%
2024
0.64%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$20.7B
2024
$3.79T
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$11,790
2024
$64,210
2025
Total reserves including gold
$33.3B
2024
$214B
2025
Total reserves ranking
56/177
2024
19/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
-$583M
2023
$10.3B
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$1.84B
2024
-$13B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$391M
2024
-$72.5B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
9.68%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
27.4%
2012
18.6%
2017
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
1.44%
2024
19.7%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/lebanon/united-kingdom | CC BY

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Help us show the world through your eyes

Share a photo of your city and help others discover what it looks like to live there. Your contribution makes our data come alive.

Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1830–1999, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2024–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.